Vehicle-Deck Fires Aboard Ropax Ships: A Comparison Between Numerical Modelling and Experimental Results

1. Arvidson M, Axelsson J, Simonson M, Tuovinen H. 2006. Fire safety approach on the DESSO ROPAX. SP Rapport 2006:01.Search in Google Scholar

2. Arvidson M. 1997. Large scale Ro-Ro vehicle deck fire test. Nordtest project 1299-96. Brandforsk project 421-941. SP Swedish National Testing and Research Institute. Fire Technology. SP Report; 1997:15.Search in Google Scholar

3. Arvidson M. 2009. Large-scale ro-ro deck fire suppression tests. SP-Report. 2009:29.Search in Google Scholar

4. Arvidson M. 2014. Large-scale water spray and water mist fire suppression system tests for the protection of Ro–Ro cargo decks on ships. Fire Technology. 50(3):589–610.10.1007/s10694-012-0312-7Search in Google Scholar

5. Averill JD. 1998. Performance-based codes: Economics documentation, and design [dissertation]. [Worcester (MA)]: Worcester Polytechnic Institute.Search in Google Scholar

6. Azzi C, Pennycott A, Mermiris G, Vassalos D. 2011. Evacuation simulation of shipboard fire scenarios. Paper presented at: FEMTC 2011. Fire and Evacuation Modelling Technical Conference; Maryland (USA).Search in Google Scholar

7. Azzi C, Vassalos D. 2010. Performance-Based design for fire safety on board passenger ships. Paper presented at PRADS 2010. 11th International Symposium on Design of Ships and Other Floating Structures; Rio de Janeiro (Brazil).10.3940/rina.pass.2011.08Search in Google Scholar

8. Azzi C. 2010. Design for fire safety onboard passenger ships [dissertation]. [Glasgow]: Glasgow and Strathclyde Universities.10.3940/rina.pass.2011.08Search in Google Scholar

9. Coyle P, Novozhilov, V. 2007. Further validation of fire dynamics simulator using smoke management studies. International Journal on Engineering Performance-Based Fire Codes, 9(1):7-30.Search in Google Scholar

10. Croccolo F. 2015. Fires on board RoPax ferries-Lessons learned. Presentation at 40th Annual Interferry Conference. Copenhagen, Denmark. October 3-7, 2015.Search in Google Scholar

11. DNV GL. 2016. Fires on Ro-Ro decks. Paper no. 2016-P012.Search in Google Scholar

12. DNV Technica. 1996. Safety Assessment of Passenger Ro-Ro Vessels. Main Report (Document Number: REP-T09-003), Joint North-West European Project. 28:1996.Search in Google Scholar

13. DNV. 2005. Fires on Ro-Ro decks. Paper no. 2005-P018.Search in Google Scholar

14. Eleftheria E, Apostolos P, Markos V. 2016. Statistical analysis of ship accidents and review of safety level. Safety science. 85:282–292.10.1016/j.ssci.2016.02.001Search in Google Scholar

15. Karlsson U, Ulfvarson A. 2008. Chain Breakers—A Survey of Fatal ship accidents with the event-chain method. Marine Technology. 45(3):182–190.10.5957/mt1.2008.45.3.182Search in Google Scholar

16. Kobayashi K, Salam MU. 2000. Comparing simulated and measured values using mean squared deviation and its components. Agronomy Journal. 92(2): 345–352.10.2134/agronj2000.922345xSearch in Google Scholar

17. Konovessis D, Vassalos D. 2008. Risk evaluation for RoPax vessels. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part M: Journal of Engineering for the Maritime Environment. 222(1):13–26.10.1243/14750902JEME90Search in Google Scholar

18. Larsson I, Ingason H, Arvidson M. 2002. Model-scale fire tests on a vehicle deck onboard a ship. SP Swedish National Testing and Research Institute, SP Fire Technology. SP Report 2002:05.Search in Google Scholar

19. McGrattan K, Hostikka S, McDermott R, Floyd J, Weinschenk C, Overholt K. 2017. Fire Dynamics Simulator, User’s Guide. NIST Special Publication. 1019(6):1–296.Search in Google Scholar

20. Peacock RD, Reneke PA, Forney GP. 2016. CFAST–Consolidated Fire And Smoke Transport (Version 7) Volume 2: User’s Guide. Technical Note, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland. 1889(2):1–85.10.6028/NIST.TN.1889v1Search in Google Scholar

21. Salem AM, Dabess EM, Banawan AA, Leheta HW. 2013. The use of consequence analysis tools in fire-safety design of Nile-floating hotels. In: Soares CG, Pena FL, editors. Developments in maritime transportation and exploitation of sea resources. Proceedings of the 15th International Congress of the International Maritime Association of the Mediterranean (IMAM); 14–17 October 2013; A Coruña (Spain).10.1201/b15813-97Search in Google Scholar

22. Salem AM, Dabess EM, Banawan AA, Leheta HW. 2016. Fire safety design of Nile-floating hotels. Ships Offshore Struct. 11(5):482–500.10.1080/17445302.2015.1027564Search in Google Scholar

23. Salem AM, Leheta HW. 2011. Sensitivity analysis of a fire model used in fire consequence calculations. In: Rizzuto E, Soares CG, editors. Sustainable Maritime Transportation and Exploitation of Sea Resources. Proceedings of the 14th International Congress of the International Maritime Association of the Mediterranean (IMAM); 13–16 September 2011; Genova (Italy).10.1201/b11810-105Search in Google Scholar

24. Salem AM. 2007. Risk-based design for fire safety of RoRo/Passenger ships [dissertation]. [Glasgow]: Glasgow and Strathclyde Universities.Search in Google Scholar

25. Salem AM. 2010. Fire engineering tools used in consequence analysis. Ships Offshore Struct. 5(2):155–187.10.1080/17445300903331826Search in Google Scholar

26. Salem AM. 2013. Parametric analysis of a cabin fire using a zone fire model. Alexandria Eng J. 52(4):627–636.10.1016/j.aej.2013.10.001Search in Google Scholar

27. Salem AM. 2016. Use of Monte Carlo Simulation to assess uncertainties in fire consequence calculation. Ocean Engineering, 117:411–430.10.1016/j.oceaneng.2016.03.050Search in Google Scholar

28. Taylor A [Internet]. 2015. The deadly fire aboard the ferry Norman Atlantic; [cited 13 May 2017], http://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2015/01/the-deadly-fire-aboard-the-ferry-norman-atlantic/100882/.Search in Google Scholar

29. Themelis N, Spyrou KJ. 2012. Probabilistic fire safety assessment of passenger ships. J Ship Rese. 56(4):252–275.10.5957/jsr.2012.56.4.252Search in Google Scholar

30. Wade CA. 2004. A User’s Guide to BRANZFIRE. Building Research Association of New Zealand (BRANZ), Wellington, New Zealand.Search in Google Scholar

31. Wikman J, Evegren F, Rahm M, Leroux J, Breuillard A, Kjellberg M, Gustin L, Efraimsson F. 2017. Study investigating cost effective measures for reducing the risk from fires on ro-ro passenger ships (FIRESAFE). European Maritime Safety Agency, EMSA.Search in Google Scholar