Bronchiectasis: The hidden side of common variable immunodeficiency – Case report

This case report describes a 38-year-old female with a history of recurrent respiratory infections, leading to a diagnosis of common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). CVID, a primary immunodeficiency, is characterized by hypogammaglobulinemia and an increased susceptibility to infections, particularly in the respiratory tract. The patient exhibited bilateral cylindrical bronchiectasis, which was repeatedly superinfected, alongside persistent low levels of IgA, IgG, and IgM. The diagnosis was confirmed through laboratory immunogram analysis. Treatment with subcutaneous human immunoglobulin resulted in significant clinical improvement, including the resolution of respiratory infections and radiological changes, although bronchiectasis remained. This case emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis of CVID in patients with recurrent infections and bronchiectasis, highlighting the role of immunoglobulin therapy in improving patient outcomes. It also underscores the need for ongoing monitoring and treatment adjustments in managing this condition.