Accesso libero

The Russo-European Gas Trade and the Position of Southeast Europe between the Great Actors: Neo-imperialism, Conflict–Cooperation Perpetuum, and Soft Balancing

   | 18 dic 2023
INFORMAZIONI SU QUESTO ARTICOLO

Cita

Abbasov, G. (2014): The EU’s external energy governance: a multidimensional analysis of the southern gas corridor. Energy Policy 65: 27–36. Search in Google Scholar

Alexey M. (2016): Legal framework for TurkStream established. 10 October 2016, available at http://www.gazprom.com/press/news/2016/october/article288285/ (23 January 2019). Search in Google Scholar

Andrei, R. (2022): Natural Gas at the Frontline Between the EU, Russia, and Turkey: A Conflict-Cooperation Perpetuum. Palgrave Macmillan. Search in Google Scholar

Ang, B.W. – Choong, W.L. – Ng, T.S. (2015): Energy security: Definitions, dimensions and indexes. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 42: 1077–1093. Search in Google Scholar

Argusmedia (2021): Serbia to pay less for Russian gas, available at https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news/2174079-serbia-to-pay-less-for-russian-gas (23April2021). Search in Google Scholar

Asenov, E. (2018): Development of the Regional Natural Gas Market in Southeast Europe. Intereconomics 53 (4): 233–238. Search in Google Scholar

Azimov, A. (2018): Skuplji američki plin platit će hrvatski građani, Večernji list (27 December). Search in Google Scholar

Bačelić, M. – Kalafatić, R. (2022): Vujnovac: Nismo ruski igrači nego je trading ovdje nepoznat pojam. Cijena plina će početi padati, a Fortenova ide u IPO, Lider (21 September): available at https://lidermedia.hr/konferencije-i-edukacije/vujnovac-nismo-mi-nikakvi-ruski-igraci-nego-je-trading-ovdje-nepoznat-pojam-cijena-plina-ce-poceti-padati-a-fortenova-ide-u-ipo-145128 (1 March 2023). Search in Google Scholar

Bajo, A. – Primorac, M. – Jurinec, D. (2016): Tržište plina u Republici Hrvatskoj – liberalizacija i financijsko poslovanje. Fiscus 3: 1–28. Search in Google Scholar

Balkan Green Energy News (2023): Bulgaria starts building second gas pipeline interconnection with Serbia, available at https://balkangreenenergynews.com/bulgaria-starts-building-second-gas-pipeline-interconnection-with-serbia/ (16 February 2023). Search in Google Scholar

Balmaceda, M.M. (2012): Russia’s central and eastern European energy transit corridor: Ukraine and Belarus, in Aalto, P., ed., Russia’s Energy Policies National, Interregional and Global Levels, 136–155, Edward Elgar. Search in Google Scholar

BBC (2008): Gazprom to control Serbia’s oil, available at http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7799396.stm (13 May 2021). Search in Google Scholar

Bechev, D. (2017): Rival Power: Russia’s Influence in Southeast Europe. Yale University Press. Search in Google Scholar

Bedrov, I. – Dimitrova, D. (2022): For Putin, Against ‚Global Liberalism‘: Why So Many Bulgarian Parties Support Russia, RFE (2 October): available at https://www.rferl.org/a/bulgaria-elections-pro-russian-parties/32061638.html (3 March 2023). Search in Google Scholar

Bieri, M. (2015): The Western Balkans between Europe and Russia. CSS Analyses in Security Policy, No. 170, March 2015. Search in Google Scholar

Blank, S. – Kim, Y. (2016): Economic Warfare a la Russe: The Energy Weapon and Russian National Security Strategy. The Journal of East Asian Affairs 30 (1): 1–39. Search in Google Scholar

Boban, D. – Petrović, V. (2021): The Russo-Chinese and Central Asian Fossil Fuels Trade: Diversification and the Geo-Economic Balance of Power. Journal of Comparative Politics 14 (2): 98–117. Search in Google Scholar

Bowden, J. (2019): SE Europe gas markets: towards integration, Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, OIES PAPER: NG 150. Search in Google Scholar

Bulgartransgaz (2020): 2020–2029 Ten-Year Network Development Plan of Bulgartransgaz EAD. March 2020, available at https://www.bulgartransgaz.bg/files/useruploads/files/amd/TYNDP%202020-2029%20EN.pdf (6 May 2021). Search in Google Scholar

Bulgartransgaz (2021): Information Brochure. Project of Common Interest 6. 8. 3 Gas Interconnection Bulgaria-Serbia, Sofia: Bulgartransgaz EAD, available at https://www.bulgartransgaz.bg/files/useruploads/files/amd/683_IBS/IBS%20Leaflet%20052020.pdf (13 May 2021). Search in Google Scholar

Česnakas, G. (2016): Energy Resources as the Tools of Foreign Policy: the Case of Russia. Lithuanian Foreign Policy Review 35: 9–40. Search in Google Scholar

Clark, D. – Foxall, A. (2014): Russia’s Role in the Balkans – Cause for Concern? The Henry Jackson Society. Search in Google Scholar

Deyermond, R. (2016): The Uses of Sovereignty in Twenty-first Century Russian Foreign Policy. Europe-AsiaStudies 68 (6): 957–984. Search in Google Scholar

Directorate-General for Energy (2022): Launch of the Interconnector Greece-Bulgaria. 1 October 2022, available at https://commission.europa.eu/news/launch-interconnector-greece-bulgaria-2022-10-01-0_en (30 January 2023). Search in Google Scholar

Dudau, R. – Nedelcu, A.C. (2016): Energy security: between markets and sovereign politics. Management&Marketing. Challenges for the Knowledge Society 11 (3): 544–552. Search in Google Scholar

Dunai, M. (2017): ‘Hungary joins Gazprom pipeline, as Trump touts U.S. LNG’, Reuters (5 July): availableathttps://www.reuters.com/article/us-russia-hungary-gas-idUSKBN19Q1YE (20May 2021). Search in Google Scholar

Eastring (2021): Eastring at a Glance, available at https://www.eastring.eu/page.php?page=project (13 May 2021). Search in Google Scholar

Elliott, S. (2021b): ‘Russia’s TurkStream link continues to redraw SE European gas map’, S&P Global Platts (8 February): available at https://www.spglobal.com/platts/en/market-insights/latest-news/natural-gas/020821-russias-turkstream-link-continues-to-redraw-se-european-gas-map (10 May 2021). Search in Google Scholar

Energy Community (2021a): Implementation indicators, available at https://www.energy-community.org/implementation/Serbia/GAS.html (10 May 2021). Search in Google Scholar

Energy Community (2021b): Who we are, available at https://www.energy-community.org/aboutus/whoweare.html (7 May 2021). Search in Google Scholar

Energy Community (2023): The South-East European Gas Initiative, available at https://www.energy-community.org/regionalinitiatives/SEEGAS.html (22 February 2023). Search in Google Scholar

Energy Community Secretariat (2022): SEEGAS Report Regional Transmission Routes. September 2022. Search in Google Scholar

Esakova, N. (2012): European Energy Security: Analysing the EU-Russia Energy Security Regime in Terms of Interdependence Theory. Springer VS. Search in Google Scholar

European Commission (2019a): Investing in European networks. The Connecting Europe Facility. Five years supporting European infrastructure Innovation and Networks Executive Agency. European Commission, July 2019, available at https://ec.europa.eu/inea/sites/default/files/cefpub/cef_implementation_brochure_web_final.pdf (13 May 2021). Search in Google Scholar

European Commission (2019b): Questions and Answers on the third legislative package for an internal EU gas and electricity market, available at http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_MEMO-11-125_en.htm?locale=en (14 January 2019). Search in Google Scholar

European Commission (2023): Central and South Eastern Europe energy connectivity, available athttps://energy.ec.europa.eu/topics/infrastructure/high-level-groups/central-and-south-eastern-europe-energy-connectivity_en (15 February 2023). Search in Google Scholar

Eurostat (2019): 2.3 From where do we import energy and how dependent are we?, available at https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/infographs/energy/bloc-2c.html (15 April 2019). Fischer, S. (2016): Nord Stream 2: Trust in Europe. Policy Perspectives 4/4: 1–4. Search in Google Scholar

Gazprom (2003): Gazprom Annual Report 2002, available at https://www.gazprom.com/f/posts/78/329698/1annual_eng.pdf (8 March 2021). Search in Google Scholar

Gazprom (2004): Gazprom Annual Report 2003, available at https://www.gazprom.com/f/posts/48/297688/11gazprom_eng.pdf (8 March 2021). Search in Google Scholar

Gazprom (2005): Gazprom Annual Report 2004, available at https://www.gazprom.com/f/posts/96/956897/annual_report_eng_2004.pdf (8 March 2021). Search in Google Scholar

Gazprom (2006): Gazprom Annual Report 2005, available at https://www.gazprom.com/f/posts/57/005321/annual_report_eng_2005.pdf (8 March 2021). Search in Google Scholar

Gazprom (2007): Gazprom Annual Report 2006, available at https://www.gazprom.com/f/posts/88/439833/1report_eng.pdf (8 March 2021). Search in Google Scholar

Gazprom (2018): TurkStream gas pipeline’s offshore section completed, 19 January 2018, available at http://www.gazprom.com/press/news/2018/november/article467765/ (23 January 2019). Search in Google Scholar

Gazprom (2012): Gazprom in Figures 2007–2011, available at https://www.gazprom.com/f/posts/81/070547/gazprom-reference-figures-2007-2011-eng.pdf (8 March 2021). Search in Google Scholar

Gazprom (2017): Gazprom in Figures 2012–2016, available at https://www.gazprom.com/f/posts/44/307258/gazprom-in-figures-2012-2016-en.pdf (8 March 2021). Search in Google Scholar

Gazprom (2019): Gas Supplies to Europe, available at http://www.gazpromexport.ru/en/statistics/ (7 March 2019). Search in Google Scholar

Gazprom (2020): Gazprom in Figures 2015–2019, available at https://www.gazprom.com/f/posts/72/802627/gazprom-in-figures-2015-2019-en.pdf (8 March 2021). Search in Google Scholar

Gazprom (2021): Gazprom Annual Report 2020, available at https://www.annualreports.com/HostedData/AnnualReports/PDF/LSE_OGZD_2020.pdf (8 March 2021). Search in Google Scholar

Globuc (2019): Russia and Bulgaria begin construction of Balkan Stream gas pipeline, available athttps://globuc.com/news/russia-and-bulgaria-begin-construction-of-balkan-stream-gas-pipeline/ (26 April 2021). Search in Google Scholar

Goldthau, Andreas (2016): Assessing Nord Stream 2: regulation, geopolitics & energy security in the EU, Central Eastern Europe & the UK, The European Centre for Energy and Resource Security (EUCERS), Strategy Paper 10. Search in Google Scholar

Gotev, G. (2015a): Bulgaria lacks political will to build interconnectors, says Commission, EU-RACTIV.com (6 March): available at https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy/news/bulgaria-lacks-political-will-to-build-interconnectors-says-commission/ (16 February 2023). Search in Google Scholar

Gotev, G. (2015b): Bulgaria wants to revive Nabucco, Azerbaijan says pipeline name ‘not important, EURACTIV.com (5 March): available at https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy/news/bulgaria-wants-to-revive-nabucco-azerbaijan-says-pipeline-name-not-important/ (16 February 2023). Search in Google Scholar

Gotev, G. (2019): Bill sanctioning Nord Stream 2, Turkish Stream goes to White House, Russia cries foul, EURACTIV.com with Reuters (18 December): available at https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy/news/bill-sanctioning-nord-stream-2-turkish-stream-goes-to-white-house-russia-cries-foul/ (10 May 2021). Search in Google Scholar

Gotev, G. (2020a): How Bulgaria gave Gazprom the keys to the Balkans, EURACTIV Bulgaria (October 30): available at https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy/news/how-bulgaria-gave-gazprom-the-keys-to-the-balkans/(6 May 2021 ). Search in Google Scholar

Gotev, G. (2020b): US senators move to tighten sanctions on Nord Stream 2 and Turkish Stream, EU-RACTIV.com with Reuters (8 June): available at https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy/news/us-senators-move-to-tighten-sanctions-on-nord-stream-2-and-turkish-stream/(10 May 2021 ). Search in Google Scholar

Government of the Republic of Croatia (2022): Povećavanjem kapaciteta LNG terminala na Krku Hrvatska će postati regionalno energetsko čvorište, available at https://vlada.gov.hr/vijesti/povecavanjem-kapaciteta-lng-terminala-na-krku-hrvatska-ce-postati-regionalno-energetsko-cvoriste/35625 (30 March 2023). Search in Google Scholar

Government of the Russian Federation (2009): Energy Strategy of Russia For the Period up to 2030. Approved by Decree N°1715-r of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 13 November 2009, Moscow 2010, available at http://www.energystrategy.ru/projects/docs/ES-2030_(Eng).pdf (24 January 2019). Search in Google Scholar

Government of the Russian Federation (2020): Распоряжение Правительства РФ от 9 июня 2020 г. № 1523-р Об Энергетической стратегии РФ на период до 2035 г., available at http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001202006110003 (3 May 2021). Search in Google Scholar

Gurkov, A. (2021): Gazprom loses gas monopoly as Southeast European market advances, DW (8January):availableathttps://www.dw.com/en/gazprom-loses-gas-monopoly-as-southeast-european-market-advances/a-56173827 (23 April 2021). Search in Google Scholar

Hake, M. – Radzyner, A. (2019): Western Balkans: Growing economic ties with Turkey, Russia and China, BOFIT Policy Brief, 2019 (1): 4–17. Search in Google Scholar

Halili, E. (2022): We Don’t Need Russian Gas; PM Rama Declares, Albanian Daily News (29 August):availableathttps://albaniandailynews.com/news/we-don-t-need-russian-gas-pm-rama-declares (30 June 2023). Search in Google Scholar

Hasanov, F.J. – Mahmudlu, C. – Deb, K. – Abilov, S. – Hasanov, O. (2020): The role of Azeri natural gas in meeting European Union energy security needs. Energy Strategy Reviews 28: 1–10. Search in Google Scholar

Högselius, P. (2013): Red Gas. Russia and the Origins of European Energy Dependence. Palgrave Macmillan. Search in Google Scholar

ICGB (2021): IGB’s status update was discussed at the 7th Ministerial Meeting of the Southern Gas Corridor Advisory Council, available at https://www.icgb.eu/igbs-status-update-was-discussed-at-the-7th-ministerial-meeting-of-the-southern-gas-corridor-advisory-council (7May2021). Search in Google Scholar

International Energy Agency (2023): Energy security. Ensuring the uninterrupted availability of energy sources at an affordable price, available at https://www.iea.org/about/energy-security (20 March 2023). Search in Google Scholar

Kovacevic, A. (2017): Towards a Balkan gas hub: the interplay between pipeline gas, LNG and renewable energy in South East Europe, Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, OIES paper NG 115. Search in Google Scholar

Kreyndel, V. (2015): Value and Performance: Gazprom from the Corporate Governance and Finance Perspective, in Vavilov, A. ed., Gazprom. An Energy Giant and Its Challenges, 48–71, Palgrave Macmillan. Search in Google Scholar

Kropatcheva, E. (2012): Russian foreign policy in the realm of European security through the lens of neoclassical realism. Journal of Eurasian Studies 3 (1): 30–40. Search in Google Scholar

LNG Hrvatska (2021): O terminalu, available at https://lng.hr/o-terminalu (23 April 2021). Search in Google Scholar

Makogon, S. (2020): Rethinking the Trans-Balkan pipeline, Atlantic Council (20 October): avail-ableathttps://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/ukrainealert/time-for-europe-to-rethink-the-trans-balkan-pipeline/ (31 March 2023). Search in Google Scholar

Maltby, T. (2015): Between Amity, Enmity and Europeanisation: EU Energy Security Policy and the Example of Bulgaria’s Russian Energy Dependence. Europe-AsiaStudies 67 (5): 809–830. Search in Google Scholar

Marković, F. (2017): Energy strategy of Russia in Western Balkans, Energy and Environmental Policy Laboratory, University of Piraeus, Working Paper 7. Search in Google Scholar

Ministry of Economy, Labour and Entrepreneurship of the Republic of Croatia (2009): Energy Development Strategy of the Republic of Croatia. Search in Google Scholar

Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation (2003): The Summary of the Energy Strategy of Russia for the Period of up to 2020. (24 January 2019). Search in Google Scholar

Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation (2013): Concept of the Foreign Policy of the Russian Federation. Approved by President of the Russian Federation V. Putin on 12 February 2013, available at https://www.mid.ru/en/foreign_policy/official_documents/-/asset_publisher/CptICkB6BZ29/content/id/122186 (15 April 2021). Search in Google Scholar

NS Energy (2023a): Trans Adriatic Pipeline, available at https://www.nsenergybusiness.com/projects/trans-adriatic-pipeline/ (31 March 2023). Search in Google Scholar

NS Energy (2023b): Trans Anatolian Natural Gas Pipeline (TANAP), available at https://www.nsenergybusiness.com/projects/trans-anatolian-natural-gas-pipeline-tanap/ (23 February 2023). Search in Google Scholar

NS Energy (2023c): TurkStream Pipeline, available at https://www.nsenergybusiness.com/projects/turkstream-pipeline/ (31 March 2023). Search in Google Scholar

Olanrewaju, O.T. – Chaudry, M. – Qadrdan, M. – Wu, J. – Jenkins, N. (2015): Vulnerability assessment of the European natural gas supply. Energy 168 (EN1): 5–15. Search in Google Scholar

Oltermann, P. (2022): ‘Gazprom has increased gas supply to Hungary, says official’, Guardian (14 August): available at https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/aug/14/gazprom-increase-gas-supply-hungary-turkstream-pipeline (14 February 2023). Search in Google Scholar

Onyango, D. (2021): TurkStream Pipeline Back To Life As Bulgaria Completes Emergency Repair, Pipeline Technology Journal (11 April): available at https://www.pipeline-journal.net/news/turkstream-pipeline-back-life-bulgaria-completes-emergency-repair (31 March 2023). Search in Google Scholar

Patricolo, C. (2022): Serbia and Romania to speed up realisation of gas interconnection, Ceenergy News(25May):availableathttps://ceenergynews.com/oil-gas/serbia-and-romania-to-speed-up-realisation-of-gas-interconnection/ (30 January 2023). Search in Google Scholar

Paul, T.V. (2005): Soft Balancing in the Age of U.S. Primacy. International Security 30 (1): 46–71. Search in Google Scholar

Paul, T.V. (2018): Restraining Great Powers: Soft Balancing from Empires to the Global Era. Yale University Press. Search in Google Scholar

Pekic, S. (2021): Gastrade and North Macedonia cooperate on Greek LNG Terminal, Offshore Energy (1 April): available at https://www.offshore-energy.biz/gastrade-and-macedonia-cooperate-on-greek-lng-terminal/ (7 May 2021). Search in Google Scholar

Plinacro Zagreb (2014): Desetogodišnji plan razvoja plinskog transportnog sustava Republike Hrvatske 2014–2023, available at https://www.hera.hr/hr/docs/2014/Prijedlog_2014-06-18.pdf (24 January 2019). Search in Google Scholar

Pomerantsev, P. (2015), The Big Chill: The Battle for Central Europe. World Affairs 177 (5): 37–43. Search in Google Scholar

Poslovni dnevnik (2010): Ina: Talijanski Eni novi dobavljač plina, available at https://www.poslovni.hr/vijesti/ina-talijanski-eni-novi-dobavljac-plina-166712 (30 March 2023). Search in Google Scholar

Poussenkova, N. (2012): ‘They went East, they went West…’: the global expansion of Russian oil companies, in Aalto, P. ed., Russia’s Energy Policies National, Interregional and Global Levels, 185–205, Edward Elgar. Search in Google Scholar

Ratner, M. – Belkin, P. – Nichol, J. – Woehrel, S. (2013): Europe’s Energy Security: Options and Challenges to Natural Gas Supply Diversification. Congressional Research Service. Search in Google Scholar

Reuters (2020): Bulgaria can boost Balkan Stream capacity to ship non-Russian gas, available at https://www.reuters.com/article/bulgaria-gas-turkstream-idAFL8N2AZ355 (6 May 2021). Search in Google Scholar

Reuters (2022): Hungary government raises the capital of state-owned energy company, available at https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/hungary-government-raises-capital-state-owned-energy-company-2022-12-23/ (14 February 2023) Search in Google Scholar

Rosner, K. (2006): Gazprom and the Russian State, GMB Publishing Ltd. Search in Google Scholar

Sampson, J. (2021): Bulgartransgaz completes participation in Alexandroupolis LNG terminal, Gasworld (28 January) available at https://www.gasworld.com/bulgartransgaz-completes-participation-in-alexandroupolis-lng-terminal/2020414.article (7 May 2021). Search in Google Scholar

Scholvin, S. – Wigell, M. (2018): Geo-Economics as Concept and Practice in International Relations: Surveying the State of the Art, Helsinki: Finnish Institute of International Relations, FIIA Working Paper No. 102: 4–15. Search in Google Scholar

Shchedrov, O. (2008): ‘Serbia signs strategic energy deal with Russia’, Reuters (25 January): availableathttps://www.reuters.com/article/uk-russia-serbia-idUKL2515142420080125 (13 May 2021). Search in Google Scholar

Siddi, M. (2017): The EU’s gas relationship with Russia: solving current disputes and strengthening energy security. Asia Europe Journal 15 (1): 107–117. Search in Google Scholar

Spasić, V. (2023a): ‘Bulgaria secures access to Turkish LNG terminals for natural gas imports’, Balkan Green Energy News (5 January): available at https://balkangreenenergynews.com/bulgaria-secures-access-to-turkish-lng-terminals-for-natural-gas-imports/ (16 February 2023). Search in Google Scholar

Spasić, V. (2022b): Serbia to import gas, electricity from Azerbaijan, get oil via Croatia, Balkan Green Energy News (22 December): available at https://balkangreenenergynews.com/serbia-to-import-gas-electricity-from-azerbaijan-get-oil-via-croatia/ (16 February 2023). Search in Google Scholar

Statista (2023): Share of gas supply from Russia in Europe in 2021, by selected country. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1201743/russian-gas-dependence-in-europe-by-country/ (30 January 2023). Search in Google Scholar

Stern, J. – Pirani, S. – Yafimava, K. (2015): Does the cancellation of South Stream signal a fundamental reorientation of Russian gas export policy?, Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, Oxford Energy Comment January 2015. Search in Google Scholar

Stern, J. – Yafimava, K. (2017b): The EU Competition investigation of Gazprom’s sales in central and eastern Europe: a detailed analysis of the commitments and the way forward, Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, OIES paper NG 121. Search in Google Scholar

Stronski, P. – Himes, A. (2019): Russia’s Game in the Balkans, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Working Paper, January 2019. Search in Google Scholar

Szpala, M. (2014): Russia in Serbia – soft power and hard interests, Center for Eastern Studies, OSW Commentary No 150. Search in Google Scholar

Tekin, A. – Williams, P. A. (2011): Geo-Politics of the Euro-Asia Energy Nexus. The European Union, Russia and Turkey. Palgrave Macmillan. Search in Google Scholar

Transadriatic Pipeline (2023): TAP’s shareholders, available at https://www.tap-ag.com/about-tap/taps-shareholders (23 February 2023). Search in Google Scholar

Turkstream (2019): Turkstream, available at http://turkstream.info/ (23 January 2019). Search in Google Scholar

Vavilov, A. – Kovalishina, G. – Trofimov, G. (2015): The New Export Routes and Gazprom’s Strategic Opportunities in Europe, in Vavilov, A., ed., Gazprom. An Energy Giant and Its Challenges, 180–217, Palgrave Macmillan. Search in Google Scholar

Vavilov, A. – Trofimov, G. (2015): European Challenges: Competitive Pressure, Gas-Market Liberalization, and the Crisis of Long-Term Contracting, in Vavilov, A., ed., Gazprom. An Energy Giant and Its Challenges, 139–179, Palgrave Macmillan. Search in Google Scholar

Večernji list (2017): Ruski Gazprom i PPD ugovorili desetogodišnu isporuku plina, available at https://www.vecernji.hr/biznis/ruski-gazprom-i-ppd-ugovorili-desetogodisnu-isporuku-plina-1195136 (26 January 2019). Search in Google Scholar

Večernji list (2019): Azimov: ‚Rusija je zainteresirana da Hrvatska uvijek bude sigurna država‘. Search in Google Scholar

Vidov, P. (2018): ‘Rusija preuzela kontrolu nad kičmom hrvatskog gospodarstva’, Faktograf (19 July):available at https://faktograf.hr/2018/07/19/rusija-gazprom-agrokor-ppd-petrokemija-gospodarstvo/ (12 March 2019). Search in Google Scholar

Wigell, M. (2016): Conceptualizing regional powers’ geoeconomic strategies: neo-imperialism, neo-mercantilism, hegemony, and liberal institutionalism. Asia-EuropeJournal 14: 135–151. Search in Google Scholar

Wohlforth, W.C. (2008): Realism, in Reus-Smit, Ch. – Snidal, D., eds., The Oxford Handbook of International Relations, 131–149, Oxford University Press. Search in Google Scholar

Zakaria, F. (1998): From Wealth to Power: The Unusual Origins of America’s World Role. Princeton University Press. Search in Google Scholar

Ziegler, Ch.E. – Menon, R. (2014): Neomercantilism and Great-Power Energy Competition in Central Asia and the Caspian. Strategic Studies Quarterly 8 (2): 17–41. Search in Google Scholar

Zivanovic, M. (2017): ‘Trump Urges East Europeans to Use US Gas’, Balkan Insight (7 July): available at https://balkaninsight.com/2017/07/07/usa-russia-energy-fight-for-the-balkans-07-06-2017/ (13 May 2021). Search in Google Scholar

eISSN:
2787-9038
Lingua:
Inglese
Frequenza di pubblicazione:
2 volte all'anno
Argomenti della rivista:
Social Sciences, Political Science, other, International Relations