Agroforestry | 0 | 2.3 | 0.36 | 0.11 | 0.10 | 0.23 | 44.5 | |
Bare land | 0.003 | 0.027 | 0 | 0.12 | 0.005 | 0.015 | 0.205 | |
Cropland | 2.9 | 0.015 | 1.5 | 2.080 | 0.33 | 1.10 | 34.9 | |
Forest | 1.7 | - | 0.77 | 0.012 | 0.013 | 0.35 | 5.7 | |
Grassland | 1.6 | 0.014 | 2.7 | 0.16 | 0.11 | 1.01 | 9.5 | |
Settlement | 0.02 | 0 | 0.012 | 0.001 | 0.005 | 0.006 | 0.39 | |
Shrub/Wood land | 0.64 | 0.035 | 0.20 | 0.81 | 1.44 | 0.17 | 5.09 | |
Grand Total | 48.263 | 0.099 | 33.069 | 5.7 | 7.6 | 1.078 | 4.611 |
1 | Forests | Land with tree cover (or equivalent stocking level) of more than 10 % and area of more than 0.5 hectares (ha). The trees should reach a minimum height of 5 meters (m) at maturity |
2 | Grazing Lands | Grass and herb cover with permanent grass cover and some scattered trees or shrubs for livestock grazing including communal, private (protected), and free area. Relatively flat and open areas with good visibility and hill slopes are homogeneous ( |
3 | Cropland | This unit includes perennial and annual crops land area and fallow lands ( |
4 | Agroforestry land | Agroforestry is the collective term for land-use systems and technologies in which woody perennials (trees, shrubs, and fruits) are used deliberately on the same land-management units as crops and animals in some form of spatial arrangement or temporal sequence (( |
5 | Shrubs/woodlands | Shrubs/woods refer to bushes and young tree species co-dominant with herbaceous plants in terms of coverage ( |
6 | Bare land | Land which is unproductive or not used for cultivation or grazing ( |
7 | Settlement | It is simply a community where people build houses and live together ( |
Agroforestry | 0.48 | 1.21 | 0.06 | 0.42 | 0.06 | 39.87 | 2.23 | ||
Bare land | 0.0010 | 0.002 | - | 0.0010 | - | - | 0.005 | 0.004 | |
Cropland | 6.35 | 0.005 | 1.75 | 1.3 | 0.53 | 0.29 | 31.3 | 10.24 | |
Forest land | 1.05 | 0.002 | 0.63 | 0.121 | 0.051 | 0.3 | 4.6 | 2.1 | |
Grassland | 0.26 | 0.081 | 7.7 | 0.28 | 0.1 | 0.14 | 11 | 8.56 | |
Settlement | 0.04 | 0.067 | 0.045 | - | 0.042 | 0.011 | 0.25 | 0.14 | |
Shrub/woodland | 8.8 | 0.052 | 0.355 | 0.15 | 0.65 | 1.14 | 13 | 11.14 | |
Grand total | 54.14 | 0.15 | 30.3 | 5.82 | 4.6 | 2.34 | 2.7 | 100 | |
Gain | 16.5 | 0.15 | 9.24 | 3.3 | 2.2 | 2.23 | 0.8 | ||
Net change | 14.27 | 0.146 | −1 | 1.2 | −6.36 | 2.09 | `−10.34 |
Agro forestry | 14.2 | +35.7 | +443.7 |
Cropland | 1.02 | −3.2 | −31.6 |
Shrub / Wood land | 10.3 | −79.3 | −321.2 |
Grassland | 6.2 | −56.8 | −194.1 |
Forest | 1.1 | +23.4 | +33.6 |
Settlement | 2.1 | +836.2 | +65 |
Bare land | 0.14 | +2,940 | +4.5 |
1 | Agroforestry | 40,964 | 39.9 | 45,715 | 44.5 | 49,658 | 48.3 | 55,606 | 54.1 |
2 | Cropland | 32,143 | 31.3 | 3,5923 | 35 | 34,024 | 33.1 | 31,100 | 30.3 |
3 | Shrub and Woodland | 13,359 | 13.0 | 4,713 | 4.6 | 4,806 | 4.7 | 2,760 | 2.7 |
4 | Grassland | 11,281 | 11 | 9,790 | 9.5 | 7,794 | 5.2 | 4,876 | 4.7 |
5 | Forest land | 4,729 | 4.6 | 5,985 | 5.8 | 5,378 | 5.2 | 5,837 | 5.7 |
6 | Settlement | 257 | 0.25 | 401 | 0.4 | 980 | 0.9 | 2,406 | 2.3 |
7 | Bare land | 5 | 0.01 | 211 | 0.2 | 97 | 0.1 | 152 | 0.15 |
Total area | 102,738 | 100.00 | 102,738 | 100.00 | 102,738 | 100.00 | 102,738 | 100.00 |
Agroforestry | 0.4 | 1.01 | 0.14 | 0.88 | 0.31 | 48 | ||
Bare land | 0.002 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.006 | 0.002 | 0.1 | |
Cropland | 4.9 | 0.0079 | 1.37 | 1.4 | 0.54 | 0.24 | 33 | |
Forest | 0.9 | 1.22 | 0.10 | 0.039 | 0.13 | 5 | ||
Grassland | 1.2 | 0.10 | 3.09 | 1.6 | 0.16 | 0.4 | 9 | |
Settlement | 0.016 | 0.30 | 0.01 | 0.049 | 0.01 | 0.94 | ||
Shrub and Woodland | 1.37 | 0.009 | 0.65 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.15 | 4.7 | |
53 | 0.15 | 30 | 7.2 | 4.7 | 2.3 | 2.6 |
Agroforestry | 0.0032 | 2.6 | 1.49 | 0.12 | 0.02 | 0.15 | 39.88 | |
Bare land | 0.00 | 0.001 | 0.00 | 0.0021 | 0.00 | 0.00034 | 0.0045 | |
Cropland | 3.09 | 0.06 | 0.54 | 2.6 | 0.012 | 0.43 | 31.3 | |
Forest | 0.3 | 0.5014 | 1.165 | 0.053 | 0.50 | 0.535 | 5.76 | |
Grassland | 0.024 | 0.086 | 6.3 | 0.11 | 0.00156 | 0.5 | 11.1 | |
Settlement | 0.0036 | 0.009 | 0.0094 | 0.00012 | 0.013 | 0.011 | 0.25 | |
Shrub/Wood land | 6.2 | 0.04 | 0.98 | 0.1134 | 2.68 | 0.118 | 13 | |
44.6176 | 0.2009 | 35.0904 | 4.46 | 9.5481 | 0.36456 | 4.42134 | 100 |
Cropland | 1 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 50 | |||
Agroforestry | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 50 | |||
Forest | 0 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 40 | |||
Grassland | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 40 | |||
Shrub / WL | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 40 | ||
Settlement | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | ||
Bare land | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 30 | ||
Column total | 53 | 51 | 40 | 43 | 37 | 27 | 29 | ||
Producer accuracy (%) b | 83 | 88 | 88 | 84 | 89 | 96 | 86 |
1 | Indirect driver | Demographic factors (population density, settlement) | 89% | 95% | 91% | 84% | 96% | 85% |
2 | Direct driver | Economic factors (agriculture, charcoaling, fuelwood, daily labouring) | 65% | 92.1% | 87.4% | 67.6% | 95% | 82% |
3 | Indirect driver | Cultural factors (Songo, and Baabbo) | 70% | 92.8% | 68% | 71% | 92% | 78.9% |
4 | Direct driver | Natural factors (recurrent high-intensity rainfall and drought) | 81% | 73.6% | 86.2% | 80% | 91% | 83% |
5 | Indirect driver | Policy or institutional factors (soil and water conservation) | 58% | 79% | 57% | 58% | 77% | 64 % |
6 | Indirect drivers | Agricultural intensification technology (high yield crops, pesticide and fertiliser) | 84% | 70.3% | 85% | 83% | 71% | 84% |
Landsat 5 (™) | 168/056 | 7 | RGB 432 | 30 m | 5/Jan/1986 |
Landsat 5 (™) | 168/056 | 7 | RGB 432 | 30 m | 28/Jan/2000 |
Landsat 5 (™) | 168/056 | 7 | RGB 432 | 30 m | 10/Jan/2011 |
Landsat 8 (OLI) | 168/056 | 11 | RGB 543 | 30 m | 31/Jan/2019 |