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Analysis of Citations and Co-Citations of the Term ‘Word of Mouth’ Based on Publications in the Field of Social Sciences

INFORMAZIONI SU QUESTO ARTICOLO

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Figure 1.

Number of whisper marketing publications in the WoS database for the period 1925–2022
Source: Own compilation based on bibliometric analysis in Biblioshiny software.
Number of whisper marketing publications in the WoS database for the period 1925–2022 Source: Own compilation based on bibliometric analysis in Biblioshiny software.

Figure 2.

Average number of citations per year of the WOM-related publications (based on WoS database data)
Source: Own compilation based on bibliometric analysis in Biblioshiny software. WOM, word of mouth; WoS, Web of Science.
Average number of citations per year of the WOM-related publications (based on WoS database data) Source: Own compilation based on bibliometric analysis in Biblioshiny software. WOM, word of mouth; WoS, Web of Science.

Figure 3.

Summary of the 10 most frequently co-cited publications in the set relating to ‘word of mouth’
Source: Own compilation based on bibliometric analysis in Biblioshiny software.
Summary of the 10 most frequently co-cited publications in the set relating to ‘word of mouth’ Source: Own compilation based on bibliometric analysis in Biblioshiny software.

Figure 4.

Results of the co-citation cluster analysis
Source: Own compilation based on bibliometric analysis in VOSviewer software.
Results of the co-citation cluster analysis Source: Own compilation based on bibliometric analysis in VOSviewer software.

Summary of the most frequently cited publications within the database as well as the generated set of publications

Pos. Publication Number of citations Normalised number of citations
Global citations
  1 Chevalier and Mayzlin (2006). The effect of word of mouth on sales: Online book reviews. 2,972 17.47
  2 Van Doorn et al. (2010). Customer engagement behavior: Theoretical foundations and research directions. 1,683 19.36
  3 Dellarocas (2003). The digitization of word of mouth: Promise and challenges of online feedback mechanisms. 1,601 7.12
  4 Lemon and Verhoef (2016). Understanding customer experience throughout the customer journey. 1,545 44.21
  5 Mudambi and Schuff (2010). Research note: What makes a helpful online review? A study of customer reviews on Amazon. com. 1,487 17.11
  6 Brodie et al. (2013). Consumer engagement in a virtual brand community: An exploratory analysis. 1,446 21.69
  7 Litvin et al. (2008). Electronic word-of-mouth in hospitality and tourism management. 1,392 11.28
  8 Liu (2006). Word of mouth for movies: Its dynamics and impact on box office revenue. 1,307 7.68
  9 Meuter et al. (2000). Self-service technologies: understanding customer satisfaction with technology-based service encounters. 1,307 8.47
10 Godes and Mayzlin (2004). Using online conversations to study word-of-mouth communication. 1,305 6.61
Local citations
  1 Chevalier and Mayzlin (2006). The effect of word of mouth on sales: Online book reviews. 1,435 22.99
  2 Godes and Mayzlin (2004). Using online conversations to study word-of-mouth communication. 786 13.54
  3 Liu (2006). Word of mouth for movies: Its dynamics and impact on box office revenue. 737 11.81
  4 Litvin et al. (2008). Electronic word-of-mouth in hospitality and tourism management. 727 16.68
  5 Trusov et al. (2009). Effects of word-of-mouth versus traditional marketing: findings from an internet social networking site. 652 21.86
  6 Herr et al. (1991). Effects of word-of-mouth and product-attribute information on persuasion: An accessibility-diagnosticity perspective. 586 3.40
  7 Brown and Reingen (1987) Social Ties and Word-of-Mouth Referral Behavior. 565 2.76
  8 Dellarocas (2003). The digitization of word of mouth: Promise and challenges of online feedback mechanisms. 555 8.57
  9 Zhu and Zhang (Michael). (2010). Impact of Online Consumer Reviews on Sales: The Moderating Role of Product and Consumer Characteristics. 495 20.66
10 Chu and Kim (2011). Determinants of consumer engagement in electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) in social networking sites. 444 23.04

Basic information on the generated set of documents

Description Result
Time interval of the analysed set 1925–2023
Sources (i.e. journals, books, etc.) 1,275
Number of documents in the set 8,832
Average number of citations per document 5.29
Average age of document (in years) 6.55
Number of bibliographic items in the examined set 222,348
Keywords Plus (ID) (pcs.) 6,062
Keywords given by authors 15,775
Number of authors 14,397
Number of individual authors in the analysed set 804
Number of publications by a single author 992
Average number of authors per document 2.79

Summary of the most relevant authors publishing on WOM as well as publication places

Pos. Author’s name Number of works Partial authorship Publication place Number of publications
  1 Law R 52 16.82 Journal of Business Research 320
  2 Kim J 41 13.53 Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services 209
  3 Kumar V 30 10.76 International Journal of Hospitality Management 145
  4 Zhang J 30   9.77 European Journal of Marketing 133
  5 Liu Y 29 10.18 Tourism Management 121
  6 Han H 28   8.67 International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 119
  7 Kim H 28 10.85 Psychology & Marketing 119
  8 Lee J 28   9.87 Internet Research 115
  9 Mattila AS 28 10.87 Journal of Product and Brand Management 107
10 Kim S 27 10.67 Journal of Services Marketing 105

Summary of results obtained in the analysis of citations and co-citations of the WOM term

Basic data Analysis of citations Analysis of co-citations

The first publication related to WOM: 1925

Identified set of publications on WOM: 8,832 items.

Average number of authors per one document: 2.79.

The largest number of new publications on WOM was recorded in 2021: 857.

Average number of citations in one document: 5.29.

The author who has published the largest number of works on WOM: Law R. (52 items).

Place where the most works on WOM were published is Journal of Business Research (320 works).

The highest average number of citations per year: 13.02 (2001)

Since 2001, the average number of citations per year has been declining. In 2022, it was only 1.53.

Global citations. The most frequently cited works were: Chevalier and Mayzlin (2006) and Van Doorn et al. (2010).

Local citations. The most frequently cited works were: Chevalier and Mayzlin (2006) and Godes and Mayzlin (2004).

Publications co-cited the most frequently:

Fornell and Larcker (1981)

Hennig-Thurau et al. (2004)

Chevalier and Mayzlin (2006)

Topics:

WOM research technology;

WOM utilisation;

Whisper marketing on the web (eWOM).

Example pairs of works co-cited in the analysed set

Pos. The first of the co-cited works The second of the co-cited works Number of co-citations
1. Fornell and Larcker (1981).Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error Hennig-Thurau et al. (2004).Electronic word-of-mouth via consumer-opinion platforms: what motivates consumers to articulate themselves on the internet? 328
2. Fornell and Larcker (1981).Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error Chevalier and Mayzlin (2006).The effect of word of mouth on sales: Online book reviews 146
3. Hennig-Thurau et al. (2004).Electronic word-of-mouth via consumer-opinion platforms: what motivates consumers to articulate themselves on the internet? Chevalier and Mayzlin (2006).The effect of word of mouth on sales: Online book reviews 319
4. Hennig-Thurau et al. (2004).Electronic word-of-mouth via consumer-opinion platforms: what motivates consumers to articulate themselves on the internet? Litvin et al. (2008).Electronic word-of-mouth in hospitality and tourism management 232
5. Chevalier and Mayzlin (2006).The effect of word of mouth on sales: Online book reviews Trusov et al. (2009).Effects of word-of-mouth versus traditional marketing: findings from an internet social networking site 206