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Planning for Sustainable Development of Tourism in the Tatra National Park Buffer Zone Using the MCDA Approach

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Figure 1

Land use and major issues in the study areaSource: own elaboration.
Land use and major issues in the study areaSource: own elaboration.

Figure 2

The analysis workflowSource: own elaboration
The analysis workflowSource: own elaboration

Figure 3

Land suitability analysis results shown for analyzed activitiesSource: own elaboration
Land suitability analysis results shown for analyzed activitiesSource: own elaboration

Figure 4

Land suitability maps showing spatially related provisions of local law.Source: own elaboration based on Local Plan of Spatial Development (SUIKZP 2015)
Land suitability maps showing spatially related provisions of local law.Source: own elaboration based on Local Plan of Spatial Development (SUIKZP 2015)

Criteria weights matrix: 1, 2, 3 – judgment values, 1/2, 1/3 – reverse values. Numbers 1–6 refer to the categories presented in Table 1

Criteria groups 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Factor weights
1. Tourism attractions 1 2 1 3 2 3 0.27
2. Land cover/use suitability 1/2 1 1/2 2 1 2 0.14
3. Nature and landscape protection 1 2 1 3 2 2 0.27
4. Scenic value 1/3 1/2 1/2 1 1/3 1 0.08
5. Erosion and flooding risk 1/2 1 1/2 2 1 3 0.14
6. Flat areas 1/3 1/2 1/2 1 1/3 1 0.08

Decision criteria value scaling: benefit criteria: 0–1 – the closer to 1 the more positive the meaning of the criterion, 0 – the irrelevant criterion; cost criteria: 0–1 – the closer to 1 the greater the restriction caused by the criterion; EXCL – criterion excluded from the analysis due to the nature of the discipline; NE – not evaluated in the case of downhill skiing. The numbers (1–6) refer to the categories listed in Table 2

Sustainable activities Projects requiring investments
Groups Criteria Hiking and walking Cycling and horseback riding Downhill skiing Recreational infrastructure Commerce, catering, parking lots
Land attractiveness and suitability for tourism and investment projects (benefit)
Tourism attractions (1) Environmental: crocus scepusiensis – frequent and widespread appearance 1 1 0 1 0.2
Scenic values: visibility of the Tatra peaks 1 1 0.8 1 0.4
Scenic values – contrasting land cover: zone of 150m between forest and lower land cover 0.8 0.8 0.8 1 0.2
Cultural: occurrence of traditional architecture 1 1 0.8 1 1
Land cover/use suitability (2) Forest 1 1 0 1 0.2
Meadows and pastures 1 1 0.8 1 0.2
Arable lands 0.8 0.8 1 0 0.2
Built-up areas and tourism services 0.6 0.6 EXCL 1 1
Proximity of roads 6–20 m 0.8 0.8 EXCL 1 1
Proximity of roads up to 6 m 0.6 0.6 EXCL 0 0.8
Flat areas (6) Flat areas and slight terrain slope (< 2.9°) 1 1 EXCL 1 1
Limitations on the development of tourism and investment (cost)
3. Nature and landscape protection (3) Natura 2000 – ecological corridor protection 0.2 0 1 0 1
Preservation of traditional land uses: meadows and pastures, forests outside the Natura 2000 area, arable lands 0 0 0.4 0 0.8
4. Scenic value (4) Areas with landform and traditional use, creating scenic value areas visible from 10–32 observer points 0 0 0.6 0.2 0.6
32+ observer points 0 0 0.8 0.4 0.8
5. Erosion and flooding risk (5) Faint (2.9 – 9°) and moderate (>9°) slope 0.2 0.6 NE 0.6 0.8
Main rivers valley floors 0.2 0.2 EXCL 0.4 1
Stream valleys with a surrounding of 15 m 0.4 0.8 EXCL 1 1
eISSN:
2084-6118
Lingua:
Inglese
Frequenza di pubblicazione:
4 volte all'anno
Argomenti della rivista:
Geosciences, Geography, other