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Immunodetection of selected pancreatic hormones under intragastric administration of apelin-13, a novel endogenous ligand for an angiotensin-like orphan G-protein coupled receptor, in unweaned rats

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08 ago 2024
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Fig. 1.

(A) Islet area, (B) islet diameter and (C) islet density mean values (with standard deviation-whiskers) of small, medium and large islets in the control (n = 6) and apelin-treated (n = 6) rat groups and (D) percentage of islet area in the pancreas in the control and apelin-treated groups. Asterisks (*) indicate significant differences between control and apelin treated groups within like-sized subgroups of islets (* – P-value < 0.05; *** – P-value < 0.001)
(A) Islet area, (B) islet diameter and (C) islet density mean values (with standard deviation-whiskers) of small, medium and large islets in the control (n = 6) and apelin-treated (n = 6) rat groups and (D) percentage of islet area in the pancreas in the control and apelin-treated groups. Asterisks (*) indicate significant differences between control and apelin treated groups within like-sized subgroups of islets (* – P-value < 0.05; *** – P-value < 0.001)

Fig. 2.

(a and b) Immunoreactivity of glucagon, (c and d) insulin, (e and f) somatostatin and (g and h) pancreatic polypeptide in (a–d) large and (e–h) small pancreatic islets: a, c, e and g – control group; b, d, f and h – apelin group. Red lines indicate the diameter of the islet and red arrows indicate changes in immunoreactive cell density (cells/1,000 µm2). Scale bar: 100 µm
(a and b) Immunoreactivity of glucagon, (c and d) insulin, (e and f) somatostatin and (g and h) pancreatic polypeptide in (a–d) large and (e–h) small pancreatic islets: a, c, e and g – control group; b, d, f and h – apelin group. Red lines indicate the diameter of the islet and red arrows indicate changes in immunoreactive cell density (cells/1,000 µm2). Scale bar: 100 µm

Fig. 3.

(A) Stained alpha cell percentage and (B) alpha cell density mean values (with standard deviation-whiskers) in small, medium and large islets in the control (n = 6) and apelin-treated (n = 6) rat groups. Asterisks (*) indicate significant differences between control and apelin treated groups within like-sized subgroups of islets (** – P-value < 0.01; *** – P-value < 0.001)
(A) Stained alpha cell percentage and (B) alpha cell density mean values (with standard deviation-whiskers) in small, medium and large islets in the control (n = 6) and apelin-treated (n = 6) rat groups. Asterisks (*) indicate significant differences between control and apelin treated groups within like-sized subgroups of islets (** – P-value < 0.01; *** – P-value < 0.001)

Fig. 4.

(A) Stained beta cell percentage and (B) beta cell density mean values (with standard deviation-whiskers) in small, medium and large islets in the control (n = 6) and apelin-treated (n = 6) rat groups. Asterisks (*) indicate significant differences between the control and apelin-treated groups in like-sized subgroups of islets (* – P-value < 0.05; ** – P-value < 0.01)
(A) Stained beta cell percentage and (B) beta cell density mean values (with standard deviation-whiskers) in small, medium and large islets in the control (n = 6) and apelin-treated (n = 6) rat groups. Asterisks (*) indicate significant differences between the control and apelin-treated groups in like-sized subgroups of islets (* – P-value < 0.05; ** – P-value < 0.01)

Fig. 5.

(A) Stained delta-cell percentage and (B) delta cell density mean values (with standard deviation-whiskers) in small, medium and large islets in the control (n = 6) and apelin-treated (n = 6) rat groups. Asterisks (*) indicate significant differences between the control and apelin-treated groups in like-sized subgroups of islets (* – P-value < 0.05)
(A) Stained delta-cell percentage and (B) delta cell density mean values (with standard deviation-whiskers) in small, medium and large islets in the control (n = 6) and apelin-treated (n = 6) rat groups. Asterisks (*) indicate significant differences between the control and apelin-treated groups in like-sized subgroups of islets (* – P-value < 0.05)

Fig. 6.

(A) Stained F-cell percentage and (B) F-cell density mean values (with standard deviation-whiskers) in like-sized subgroups of islets in the control (n = 6) and apelin-treated (n = 6) rat groups
(A) Stained F-cell percentage and (B) F-cell density mean values (with standard deviation-whiskers) in like-sized subgroups of islets in the control (n = 6) and apelin-treated (n = 6) rat groups

Fig. 7.

(A) Alpha cell number per 100 µm2 of pancreas and (B) beta cell number per 100 µm2 of pancreas outside of the pancreatic islets mean values (with standard deviation-whiskers). Asterisks (*) indicate significant differences between the control (n = 6) and apelin-treated (n = 6) groups (* – P-value < 0.05; ** – P-value < 0.01)
(A) Alpha cell number per 100 µm2 of pancreas and (B) beta cell number per 100 µm2 of pancreas outside of the pancreatic islets mean values (with standard deviation-whiskers). Asterisks (*) indicate significant differences between the control (n = 6) and apelin-treated (n = 6) groups (* – P-value < 0.05; ** – P-value < 0.01)

Fig. 8.

(A) Proliferating cell nuclear antigen percentage (%PCNA) of positive exocrine pancreatic cells, (B) proenzyme form of cysteine protease, 32 kDa percentage (%CPP32) of positive exocrine pancreatic cells, (C) %PCNA of positive cells in individual pancreatic islets and (D) %CPP32 of positive cells in individual pancreatic islets mean values (with standard deviation-whiskers) for the control (n = 6) and the apelin-treated (n = 6) rat groups. Asterisks (*) indicate significant differences between control and apelin treated groups (* – P-value < 0.05; *** – P-value < 0.001)
(A) Proliferating cell nuclear antigen percentage (%PCNA) of positive exocrine pancreatic cells, (B) proenzyme form of cysteine protease, 32 kDa percentage (%CPP32) of positive exocrine pancreatic cells, (C) %PCNA of positive cells in individual pancreatic islets and (D) %CPP32 of positive cells in individual pancreatic islets mean values (with standard deviation-whiskers) for the control (n = 6) and the apelin-treated (n = 6) rat groups. Asterisks (*) indicate significant differences between control and apelin treated groups (* – P-value < 0.05; *** – P-value < 0.001)

Primary and secondary antibodies used in the study

Antibody Host Catalogue number Dilution Source
Primary antibody
    Anti-glucagon Mouse 14-9743-82 1 : 200 ThermoFisher, Waltham, MA, USA
    Anti-insulin Mouse MA5-12037 1 : 200 ThermoFisher
    Anti-somatostatin Mouse 14-9751-82 1 : 5000 ThermoFisher
    Anti-pancreatic polypeptide Rabbit ab272732 1 : 2000 Abcam, Cambridge,UK
    Anti-cleaved caspase 3 Rabbit AF7022 1 : 150 Affinity Biosciences, Cincinnati, OH, USA
    Anti-proliferating-cell nuclear antigen Rabbit AF0239 1 : 150 Affinity Biosciences
Secondary antibody
    Anti-mouse/rabbit Goat DPVB-HRP RTU ImmunoLogic, Duiven, the Netherlands
Lingua:
Inglese
Frequenza di pubblicazione:
4 volte all'anno
Argomenti della rivista:
Scienze biologiche, Biologia molecolare, Microbiologia e virologia, Scienze della vita, altro, Medicina, Medicina veterinaria