<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<sec id="j_jvetres-2021-0022_s_005"><h3>Introduction</h3>
<p>The transfer of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from a contaminated environment into the food chain is a serious consumer safety problem. As part of the Polish National Surveillance Program of PCDD/Fs and PCBs in food of animal origin, a concentration of PCDD/Fs of 4.61 ± 0.75 pg WHO-TEQ/g fat was determined in a sample of free-range eggs, which exceeded the permitted limit of 2.5 pg WHO-TEQ/g. The aim of the study was to investigate the source of the egg contamination and the risk for the eggs’ consumers.</p></sec>
<sec id="j_jvetres-2021-0022_s_006"><h3>Materials and methods</h3>
<p>Eggs, muscles, feed and soil from the place where backyard waste burning had been carried out in the past and ash from a household stove tipped onto the paddock were analysed using the isotope dilution technique with high-resolution gas chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry.</p></sec>
<sec id="j_jvetres-2021-0022_s_007"><h3>Results</h3>
<p>The concentration in ash was low at 0.20 pg WHO-TEQ/g and the congener profile did not indicate the source of contamination. The dioxin content in soil from the backyard waste-burning site was 2.53 pg WHO-TEQ/g dry matter (d.m.) and the soil’s profile of PCDD/F congeners matched the profile of the contaminated eggs.</p></sec>
<sec id="j_jvetres-2021-0022_s_008"><h3>Conclusion</h3>
<p>By reason of the congener profile similarity, the investigation concluded, that the cause of the contamination was the backyard waste-burning site soil which the animals had access to. Frequent consumption of contaminated eggs from the analysed farm could pose a health risk due to chronic exposure, especially for vulnerable consumers.</p></sec></abstract>

Introduction
The transfer of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from a contaminated environment into the food chain is a serious consumer safety problem. As part of the Polish National Surveillance Program of PCDD/Fs and PCBs in food of animal origin, a concentration of PCDD/Fs of 4.61 ± 0.75 pg WHO-TEQ/g fat was determined in a sample of free-range eggs, which exceeded the permitted limit of 2.5 pg WHO-TEQ/g. The aim of the study was to investigate the source of the egg contamination and the risk for the eggs’ consumers.
Materials and methods
Eggs, muscles, feed and soil from the place where backyard waste burning had been carried out in the past and ash from a household stove tipped onto the paddock were analysed using the isotope dilution technique with high-resolution gas chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry.
Results
The concentration in ash was low at 0.20 pg WHO-TEQ/g and the congener profile did not indicate the source of contamination. The dioxin content in soil from the backyard waste-burning site was 2.53 pg WHO-TEQ/g dry matter (d.m.) and the soil’s profile of PCDD/F congeners matched the profile of the contaminated eggs.
Conclusion
By reason of the congener profile similarity, the investigation concluded, that the cause of the contamination was the backyard waste-burning site soil which the animals had access to. Frequent consumption of contaminated eggs from the analysed farm could pose a health risk due to chronic exposure, especially for vulnerable consumers.

Environmental contamination of free-range hen with dioxin

Journal of Veterinary Research

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

{"article-title":"Environmental contamination of free-range hen with dioxin"}

Introduction
The transfer of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from a contaminated environment...

Sample no.	Matrix	PCDD/F	DL-PCB	Σ PCDD/F/DL-PCB

		pg WHO-TEQ/g
205-MDZ	eggs	4.61 ± 0.75	1.31 ± 0.25	5.92 ± 1.48
488-D	eggs	6.13 ± 1.00	1.31 ± 0.25	7.44 ± 1.86
483-D	feed	0.05 ± 0.01	0.02 ± 0.00	0.07 ± 0.02
051-BN	soil	0.43 ± 0.06	0.06 ± 0.01	0.49 ± 0.11
058-BN	ash	0.20 ± 0.03	0.03 ± 0.00	0.23 ± 0.05
059-BN	soil	2.53 ± 0.36	0.18 ± 0.03	2.71 ± 0.60
Chicken 1	muscles	6.47 ± 1.06	1.51 ± 0.28	7.98 ± 1.99
Chicken 2	muscles	4.52 ± 0.74	1.94 ± 0.37	6.46 ± 1.61
Chicken 3	muscles	3.04 ± 0.50	1.25 ± 0.24	4.30 ± 1.07
Chicken 4	muscles	4.53 ± 0.74	1.53 ± 0.29	6.06 ± 1.51
Chicken 5	muscles	4.25 ± 0.70	1.86 ± 0.35	6.11 ± 1.52

Environmental contamination of free-range hen with dioxin

Pubblicato online: 23 apr 2021

Pagine: 225 - 229

Ricevuto: 13 ott 2020

Accettato: 01 apr 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2021-0022

Parole chiave
free-range eggs, PCDD/Fs, PCBs

© 2021 S. Mikołajczyk et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Fig 1

PCDD/F and DL-PCB (concentrations with uncertainty). Eggs and muscles are expressed on a fat basis, feed on 12% moisture content, soil and ash on dry matter

Environmental contamination of free-range hen with dioxin

Pubblicato online: 23 apr 2021

Pagine: 225 - 229

Ricevuto: 13 ott 2020

Accettato: 01 apr 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2021-0022

Parole chiavefree-range eggs, PCDD/Fs, PCBs

© 2021 S. Mikołajczyk et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Fig 1

PCDD/F and DL-PCB (concentrations with uncertainty). Eggs and muscles are expressed on a fat basis, feed on 12% moisture content, soil and ash on dry matter

Parole chiave
free-range eggs, PCDD/Fs, PCBs