Major histocompatibility complex in Osteichthyes

Selected species of Osteichthyes	MHC I					MHC II
	Lineage
	U		Z		S	L	P		D
					Sublineage
	–	Z1	Z2	Z3	–	–	–	A	B	E
Lungfish (subclass Dipnoi)	–		x – lineage Z;		–	–	–	–	–	–

Paddlefish (family Polyodontidae)	x		–		–	–	–	–	–	x

Sturgeon (family Acipenseridae)	x		x – lineage Z;		–	–	–	–	–	x

Spotted gar (Lepisosteus oculatus)	x		x – lineage Z;		0	x	x	x		x

Zebrafish (Danio rerio)	x	x	–	–	0	x	0	x	x	0

Carp (Cyprinus carpio)	x	x	–	x	–	–	–	x	–	x

Mexican tetra (Astyanax mexicanus)	x	x	x	–	x	x	x	–	–	–

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)	x	x	–	–	x	x	x	x	x	x

Medaka (Oryzias latipes)	x	x	–	–	0	0	0	x	x	0

Stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus)	x	x	–	–	0	0	0	x	x	0

		(a)

Chr.		– the constituents of the nomenclature of MHC class I and class II genes are listed in Tables 2 and 4; MHC I genes in Salmo salar (Sasa) (MhcSasa-U… or Z, S, L, P…)		– the constituents of the nomenclature of MHC class I and class II genes are listed in Tables 2 and 4; MHC II genes in Salmo salar (Sasa) (MhcSasa-D…)

2	None			DCB1, DCA / DEA, DEB / DCB2

5	None			DEAψ, DEBψ

7		PAAψ	None

9		SAA	None

10		LKAψ	None

11		LCA, LCAψ	None

12		LDA		DDA, DDB / – genes of the classical MHC molecules DAA, DAB1

13	None			DBB, DBA

14		UDA1, UCA2 / UCA1, UGA / ZBAb, ZCAb, ZDAbψ	None

20		SAAψ	None

21		LIA / UHA1, UHA2	None

22	None			DABψ

25		LIAψ / LLAψ	None

26		LFA, LGA, LHA	None

27		ULA, – genes of the classical MHC molecules UBA, ZAAa, ZBAa, ZCAa, ZDAa	None

		(b)

Chr.		MHC I genes in humans		MHC II genes in humans

6		– genes of the classical MHC molecules HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C HLA-E, HLA-F, HLA-G, MICA and MICB		– genes of the classical MHC molecules HLA-DP, HLA-DQ and HLA-DR HLA-DM and HLA-DO

MHC	Fish genus and species symbol	MHC class II gene lineage	MHC class II gene sublineage	Locus	Subclass	Gene	Full name / symbol of gene
				A		– genes of the classical MHC II molecule; DAA–DAB	MhcOrla-DAA–DAB
			A				MhcSasa-DAA–DAB
	Sasa			C		– pairs of Oryzias latipes genes with limited expression and low polymorphism, clustering in sublineage A (5) DCA–DCB	MhcOrla-DCA–DCB
	(Salmo salar)			F		– pairs of Oryzias latipes genes with limited expression and low polymorphism, clustering in sublineage A (5) DFA–DFB	MhcOrla-DFA–DFB
Mhc		D	E	E	A (for chain α)	– gene clustering based on the domain α1 sequence, according to Dijkstra et al. (5) and Grimholt (11), with preservation of sublineage E for sequences making up a cluster with DEA–DEB in Salmo salar and with creation of sublineage B with sequences forming a cluster with DEA–DEB in Oryzias latipes; DEA–DEB	MhcSasa-DEA–DEB
	Orla			B	B (for chain β)	DBA–DBB	MhcSasa-DBA–DBB
	(Oryzias latipes)or another		B	C		DCA–DCB1/2	MhcSasa-DCA–DCB1MhcSasa-DCA–DCB2
				D		DDA–DDB	MhcSasa-DDA–DDB
						DDA–DDB1/2	MhcOrla-DDA–DDB1MhcOrla-DDA–DDB2
				E		– gene clustering based on the domain α1 sequence, according to Dijkstra et al. (5) and Grimholt (11), with preservation of sublineage E for sequences making up a cluster with DEA–DEB in Salmo salar and with creation of sublineage B with sequences forming a cluster with DEA–DEB in Oryzias latipes; DEA–DEB	MhcOrla-DEA–DEB

	Humans	Spotted gar		Atlantic salmon		Shared genes – selected genes shared by humans (MHC region sized ~ 4Mb) and Salmo salar (MHC I and MHC II), as well as by Danio rerio and Oryzias latipes (MHC I);
MHC I	MHC II	MHC I	MHC II	MHC I	MHC II	MHC I	MHC II – genes occurring within sublineage E in Salmonidae

HLA-G	HLA-DRα	U (3 loci)	Eα (2 loci)	U – syntenic gene;	Eα	PSMB8	PBX2

HLA-A	HLA-DRβ	P (3 loci)	Eβ (2 loci)		Eβ	TUBB	TAP1

HLA-E	HLA-DQα	L (2 loci)	A/Bα			FLOT1	RGL2

HLA-C	HLA-DQβ	u.s.	A/Bβ			TCF19	PHF1

HLA-B	HLA-DPα		u.s. α			TAP2	BRD2

	HLA-DPβ					PSMB9	SYNGAP-like

	HLA-DMα					BRD2

	HLA-DMβ					TAPBP

	HLA-Doα					RXRB

	HLA-Doβ					HSD17B8

						PSMB10

MHC	Fish genus and species symbol	MHC class I gene lineage	MHC class I gene sublineage	Locus	Subclass	Gene	Full name / symbol of gene
				B		UBA – a gene of an MHC Ia molecule;	MhcSasa-UBA
				C		UCA1 – locus no.; , UCA2	MhcSasa-UCA1, MhcSasa-UCA2
				D		UDA1	MhcSasa-UDA1
				G		UGA	MhcSasa-UGA
		U	None	H		UHA1, UHA2	MhcSasa-UHA1, MhcSasa-UHA2
				L		ULA	MhcSasa-ULA
				A		ZAAa	MhcSasa-ZAAa
				B		ZBAa, ZBAb	MhcSasa-ZBAa, MhcSasa-ZBAb
		Z	Z1 – sublineage Z1 with a typical sequence, isolated in, inter alia, Salmo salar;	C		ZCAa, ZCAb	MhcSasa-ZCAa, MhcSasa-ZCAb
				D		ZDAa, ZDAb – pseudogenes	MhcSasa-ZDAa, MhcSasa-ZDAb – pseudogenes
Mhc	Sasa	S	None	A	A (for chain α)	SAA, SAA – pseudogenes	MhcSasa-SAA, MhcSasa-SAA – pseudogenes
				C		LCA, LCA – pseudogenes	MhcSasa-LCA, MhcSasa-LCA – pseudogenes
				D		LDA	MhcSasa-LDA
				F		LFA	MhcSasa-LFA
				G		LGA	MhcSasa-LGA
				H		LHA	MhcSasa-LHA
		L	None	I		LIA, LIA – pseudogenes	MhcSasa-LIA, LIA – pseudogenes
				K		LKA – pseudogenes	MhcSasa-LKA – pseudogenes
				L		LLA – pseudogenes	MhcSasa-LLA – pseudogenes
		P	None	A		PAA – pseudogenes	MhcSasa-PAA – pseudogenes

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