[
Acosta, P., Fajnzylber P., & Lopéz J. H. (2007). The impact of remittances on poverty and human capital: evidence from Latin American household surveys. Working paper 4247. Washington, DC World Bank. Retrieved from https://www.findevgateway.org/sites/default/files/publications/files/mfg-en-paper-the-impact-of-remittances-on-poverty-and-human-capital-evidence-from-latin-american-household-surveys-jun-2007.pdf. Access: 8.13.2021.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Adams, R. H. (2009). The determinants of international remittances in developing countries. World Development, 37(1), 93–103.10.1016/j.worlddev.2007.11.007
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Adams, R. H., & Page, J. (2005). Do international migration and remittances reduce poverty in developing countries?. World Development, 33(10), 1645–1669.10.1016/j.worlddev.2005.05.004
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Asch, B. J. (1994). Emigration and Its effects on the sending country. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation. Retrieved from https://www.rand.org/pubs/monograph_reports/MR244.html. Access: 8.13.2021.10.7249/MR244
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Bazillier, R., Magris, F., & Mirza, D. (2017). Out-migration and economic cycles. Review of World Economics, 153, 39–69. doi 10.1007/s10290-016-0267-8.10.1007/s10290-016-0267-8
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Beine, M., Docquier, F., & Rapoport, H. (2008). Brain drain and human capital formation in developing countries: winners and losers. The Economic Journal, 188, 631–652.10.1111/j.1468-0297.2008.02135.x
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Bover, O., & Arellano, M. (2002). Learning about migration decisions from the migrants: using complementary datasets to model intra-regional migrations in Spain. Journal of Population Economics, 15(15), 357–380.10.1007/s001480100066
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Castro-Palaganas, E., Spitzer D. L., Kabamalan, M. M. M., Sanchez, M. C., Caricativo, R., Runnels, V., & Bourgeault, I. L. (2017). An examination of the causes, consequences, and policy responses to the migration of highly trained health personnel from the Philippines: The high cost of living/leaving – a mixed method study. Human Resources for Health, 15(1). Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1186/s12960-017-0198-z. Access: 8.13.2021.10.1186/s12960-017-0198-z
]Search in Google Scholar
[
D’Agostino, A., Ghellini, G., & Longobardi, S. (2019). Out-migration of university enrolment: the mobility behavior of Italian students. International Journal of Manpower, 40(1), 56–72. doi:10.1108/IJM-07-2017-016.10.1108/IJM-07-2017-0169
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Dei, G.J.S., & Asgharzadeh, A. (2002). What is to be done? A look at some causes and consequences of the African brain drain. African Issues, 30(1), 31–36. doi: 10.2307/1167087.10.2307/1167087
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Docquier, F., Lodigiani, E., Rapoport, H., & Schiff, M. (2016). Emigration and democracy. Journal of Developmental Economics, 120, 209–223.10.1016/j.jdeveco.2015.12.001
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Galiano, A., & Romero, J. G. (2018). Brain drain and income distribution. Journal of Economics, 124(3), 243–267.10.1007/s00712-017-0576-y
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Gibson, J., & McKenzie, D. (2012). The economic consequences of ‘brain drain’ of the best and brightest: microeconomic evidence from five countries. The Economic Journal, 122(560), 339–375.10.1111/j.1468-0297.2012.02498.x
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Goldbach, C. (2017). Out-migration from coastal areas in Ghana and Indonesia – the role of environmental factors. CESifo Economic Studies, 63(4), 529–559.10.1093/cesifo/ifx007
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Grace, K., Hertrich, V., Singare, D., & Husak, G. (2018). Climate change: An analysis of the linkages between rainfall and out-migration in two Malian villages from 1981 to 2009. World Development, 109, 187–196. doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.04.009.10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.04.009
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Gundry, L., & Welsch, H. (2001). The ambitious entrepreneur: High growth strategies of women-\ based enterprises. Journal of Business Venturing, 16(5), 453–470.10.1016/S0883-9026(99)00059-2
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Hatton, T. J. (2014). Public opinion on immigration: has the recession changed minds? IZA discussion paper no. 8248. Bonn: IZA – Institute for the Study of Labor. Retrieved from https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/99048/1/.10.2139/ssrn.2457351
]Search in Google Scholar
[
He, Z., Zhai, G., Asami, Y., Tsuchida, S. (2016). Migration intentions and their determinants: comparison of college students in China and Japan. Asian and Pacific Migration Journal, 25(1), 62–84. doi: 10.1177/0117196815621203.10.1177/0117196815621203
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Hilbert, S., Kuechenhoff, H., Sarubin, N., Nakagawa, T. T., & Buehner, M. (2016). The influence of the response format in a personality questionnaire: An analysis of a dichotomous, a Likert-type, and a visual analogue scale. TPM: Testing, Psychometrics, Methodology in Applied Psychology, 23(1), 3–24.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Jaeger, D. A., Dohmen, T., Falk, A., Huffman, D., Sunde, U., & Bonin, H. (2010). Direct evidence on risk attitudes and migration. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 92(3), 684–689.10.1162/REST_a_00020
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Kawawaki, Y. (2018). Economic analysis of population migration factors caused by the Great East Japan earthquake and tsunami. Review of Urban & Regional Development Studies, 30(1), 44–65.10.1111/rurd.12075
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Kubinger, K. D. (2003). On artificial results due to using factor analysis for dichotomous variables. Psychology Science, 45(1), 106–110.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Leibert, T. (2016). She leaves, he stays? Sex-selective migration in rural East Germany. Journal of Rural Studies, 43, 267–279.10.1016/j.jrurstud.2015.06.004
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Levitt, P. (1998). Social remittances: Migration driven local-level forms of cultural diffusion. International Migration Review, 32(4), 926–948.10.1177/019791839803200404
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Liao, J., Murphy, P., & Welsch, H. (2005). Developing and validating a construct of entrepreneurial intensity. New England Journal of Entrepreneurship, 8(2), 31–38. https://doi.org/10.1108/NEJE-08-02-2005-B004. Access: 8.13.2021.10.1108/NEJE-08-02-2005-B004
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Lim, S., & Jahng, S. (2019). Determining the number of factors using parallel analysis and its recent variants. Psychological Methods, 24(4), 452–467. https://doi.org/10.1037/met0000230. Access: 8.13.2021.10.1037/met0000230
]Search in Google Scholar
[
López-Córdova, J.E., & Olmedo, A. (2006), International remittances and development: Existing evidence, policies and recommendations. INTAL-ITD occasional paper, 41. Buenos Aires: Inter-American Development Bank. Retrieved from http://www.rrojasdatabank.info/iadbremit/remitdev.pdf. Access: 8.13.2021.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Mansuri, G. (2007). Does work migration spur investment in origin communities? Entrepreneurship, schooling, and child health in rural Pakistan. In Ç. Öz-den. and M.Schiff (eds.), International Migration, Economic Development and Policy (pp. 99–140). Washington, DC: World Bank.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Marchetta, F. (2012). Return migration and the survival of entrepreneurial activities in Egypt. World Development, 40(10), 1999–2013.10.1016/j.worlddev.2012.05.009
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Naudé, W. (2010). Promoting entrepreneurship in developing countries: policy challenges. Policy Brief, 4. Helsinki: Finland United Nations University World Institute for Economics Research. Retrieved from https://www.wider.unu.edu/sites/default/files/PB2010-004.pdf. Access: 8.13.2021.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Naudé, W., Siegel, M., & Marchand, K. (2011). Entrepreneurship is not a binding constraint on growth and development in the poorest countries. World Development, 39(1), 33–44.10.1016/j.worlddev.2010.05.005
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Naudé, W., Siegel, M., & Marchand, K. (2017). Migration, entrepreneurship and development: critical questions. IZA Journal of Migration, 6(4). Retrieved from https://izajodm.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40176-016-0077-8. Access: 8.13.2021.10.1186/s40176-016-0077-8
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Oosterbeek, H., van Praag, M., & Ijsselstein, A. (2010). The impact of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurship skills and motivation. European Economic Review, 54(3), 442–54.10.1016/j.euroecorev.2009.08.002
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Ratha, D., De, S., Kim, E.J., Plaze, S., Seshan, G., & Yemeogo, N.S. (2019). Data release: remittances to low- and middle-income countries on track to reach $551 billion in 2019 and $597 billion by 2020. Retrieved from https://blogs.worldbank.org/peoplemove/data-release-remittances-low-and-middle-income-countries-track-reach-551-billion-2019. Access: 8.13.2021.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Roli, M. (2019). From farmland to wasteland: a study of out-migration. Indian Journal of Labour Economics, 62(4), 749–752.10.1007/s41027-019-00196-3
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Sardadvar, S., & Vakulenko, E. (2016). Interregional migration within Russia and its east-west divide: evidence from spatial panel regressions. Review of Urban & Regional Development Studies, 28(2), 123–141.10.1111/rurd.12050
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Sauer, J., Gorton, M., & Davidova, S. (2019). What drives rural out-migration? Insights from Kosovo. Post-Communist Economies, 31(2), 200–217.10.1080/14631377.2018.1506623
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Stark, O., & Wang, Y. (2002). Inducing human capital formation: migration as a substitute for subsidies. Journal of Public Economics, 86(1), 29–46.10.1016/S0047-2727(01)00104-9
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Tabachnick, B.G., & Fidell, L. S. (2007). Using multivariate statistics. 5th ed. New York, NY: Pearson Education Inc.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Taima, M., & Asami, A. (2019). Personal and regional determinants of out-migration from metropolitan areas in Japan. Review of Urban & Regional Development Studies, 31(1–2), 2–28.10.1111/rurd.12091
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Theodori A. E., & Theodori, G. L. (2014). Perceptions of community and place and the migration intentions of at-risk youth in rural areas. Journal of Rural Social Sciences, 29(1), 103–121.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
ul Haq, R., Jahangeer, A., & Ahmad A. (2015). Out-migration in rural Pakistan: Does household poverty status matter?. The Pakistan Development Review, 54(4), 315–329.10.30541/v54i4I-IIpp.315-331
]Search in Google Scholar
[
United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). International migration policies: data booklet. number ST/ESA/SER.A/395. Retrieved from https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/policy/international_migration_policies_data_booklet.pdf. Access: 8.13.2021.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Varga, J. (2017). Out-migration and attrition of physicians and dentists before and after EU accession (2003 and 2011): the case of Hungary. European Journal of Health Economics, 18, 1079–1093. doi 10.1007/s10198-016-0854-6.10.1007/s10198-016-0854-6
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Wahba, J., & Zenou, Y. (2012). Out of sight, out of mind: migration, entrepreneurship and social capital. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 42(5), 890–903.10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2012.04.007
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Welsch, H. (1998). North American entrepreneurs. In A. Morrison (ed.), Entrepreneurship: an international perspective (pp. 115–136). Oxford: Butter-worth Heinemann.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Woodruff, C., & Zenteno, R. (2007). Migration networks and microenterprises in Mexico. Journal of Development Economics, 82(2), 509–528.10.1016/j.jdeveco.2006.03.006
]Search in Google Scholar
