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First Report of Root-Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, on Tree Houseleek (Aeonium arboreum) in the United States

Anil Baniya

Anil Baniya

Department of Nematology, University of CaliforniaRiverside,
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Baniya, Anil
, 
Omar Zayed

Omar Zayed

Department of Botany and Plant Science, University of CaliforniaRiverside,
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Zayed, Omar
, 
Perla Achi

Perla Achi

Department of Nematology, University of CaliforniaRiverside,
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Achi, Perla
, 
Pierluigi Perfetto

Pierluigi Perfetto

Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, University of BariBari, Italy
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Perfetto, Pierluigi
 e 
Adler Dillman

Adler Dillman

Department of Nematology, University of CaliforniaRiverside,
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Dillman, Adler
  
31 ago 2025
First Report of Root-Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, on Tree Houseleek (Aeonium arboreum) in the United States's Cover Image
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Categoria dell'articolo: Research Paper
Pubblicato online: 31 ago 2025
Ricevuto: 23 gen 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2025-0031
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© 2025 Anil Baniya et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 1:

(A) Amplified products were obtained using M. incognita-specific (MIF/MIR) and M. javanica-specific (Fjav/Rjav) primers. Only the MIF/MIR primers produced a 999-bp band, indicating that the root-knot nematode infecting the Aeonium was M. incognita, while no amplification was observed with the Fjav/Rjav primers. Two mitochondrial DNA regions, covering the intergenic spacer and part of the adjacent large subunit ribosomal RNA gene (lrDNA), were amplified using the TRNAH/MHR106 (approximately 550-bp) and MORF/MTHIS (approximately 750 bp) primer sets; (B) The intergenic spacer, tRNAHis, and the large subunit ribosomal RNA gene (rRNA) were amplified using the C2F3/1108 primers, yielding an approximately 1550-bp product.
(A) Amplified products were obtained using M. incognita-specific (MIF/MIR) and M. javanica-specific (Fjav/Rjav) primers. Only the MIF/MIR primers produced a 999-bp band, indicating that the root-knot nematode infecting the Aeonium was M. incognita, while no amplification was observed with the Fjav/Rjav primers. Two mitochondrial DNA regions, covering the intergenic spacer and part of the adjacent large subunit ribosomal RNA gene (lrDNA), were amplified using the TRNAH/MHR106 (approximately 550-bp) and MORF/MTHIS (approximately 750 bp) primer sets; (B) The intergenic spacer, tRNAHis, and the large subunit ribosomal RNA gene (rRNA) were amplified using the C2F3/1108 primers, yielding an approximately 1550-bp product.

Figure 2:

(A) Tree houseleek (Aeonium arboreum) plant received from Los Angeles, California for diagnosis; (B) Heavy galling on the plant roots, indicating root-knot nematode (RKN) infection; (C) Tomato plants used to test for RKN infection; (D) and (F) Visible galls on the infected tomato roots, both in the pot and after washing; (E) Acid fuchsin staining of the tomato roots, showing the female nematodes inside the roots, along with the morphology of adult and early female nematodes; (G) Cuttings of the Aeonium plants inoculated with nematodes; (H and I) Acid fuchsin staining of the Aeonium arboreum cuttings, showing characteristic symptoms of nematode infection.
(A) Tree houseleek (Aeonium arboreum) plant received from Los Angeles, California for diagnosis; (B) Heavy galling on the plant roots, indicating root-knot nematode (RKN) infection; (C) Tomato plants used to test for RKN infection; (D) and (F) Visible galls on the infected tomato roots, both in the pot and after washing; (E) Acid fuchsin staining of the tomato roots, showing the female nematodes inside the roots, along with the morphology of adult and early female nematodes; (G) Cuttings of the Aeonium plants inoculated with nematodes; (H and I) Acid fuchsin staining of the Aeonium arboreum cuttings, showing characteristic symptoms of nematode infection.
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