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Predicted distribution of Metaparasitylenchus hypothenemi (Tylenchida: Allantonematidae), parasite of the coffee berry borer

M. Simota-Ruiz

M. Simota-Ruiz

El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto Km. 2.5, TapachulaChiapas, México
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Simota-Ruiz, M.
, 
A. Castillo

A. Castillo

El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto Km. 2.5, TapachulaChiapas, México
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Castillo, A.
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J. Cisneros-Hernández

J. Cisneros-Hernández

El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto Km. 2.5, TapachulaChiapas, México
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Cisneros-Hernández, J.
 e 
O. Carmona-Castro

O. Carmona-Castro

El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto Km. 2.5, TapachulaChiapas, México
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Carmona-Castro, O.
  
06 ago 2024
Predicted distribution of Metaparasitylenchus hypothenemi (Tylenchida: Allantonematidae), parasite of the coffee berry borer's Cover Image
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Categoria dell'articolo: Research Paper
Pubblicato online: 06 ago 2024
Ricevuto: 13 mar 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2024-0031
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© 2024 M. Simota-Ruiz et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 1.

Canonical discriminant analysis based on environmental variables (altitude, temperature, and precipitation) to model the presence/absence of the nematode Metaparasitylenchus hypothenemi in the Soconusco, Chiapas, for the year 2003. Variability explained by the canonical variable is 100%.
Canonical discriminant analysis based on environmental variables (altitude, temperature, and precipitation) to model the presence/absence of the nematode Metaparasitylenchus hypothenemi in the Soconusco, Chiapas, for the year 2003. Variability explained by the canonical variable is 100%.

Figure 2.

Canonical discriminant analysis based on environmental variables (altitude, temperature, and precipitation) to model the presence/absence of the nematode Metaparasitylenchus hypothenemi in the Soconusco, Chiapas, for the year 2019. The variability explained by the canonical variable is 100%.
Canonical discriminant analysis based on environmental variables (altitude, temperature, and precipitation) to model the presence/absence of the nematode Metaparasitylenchus hypothenemi in the Soconusco, Chiapas, for the year 2019. The variability explained by the canonical variable is 100%.

Figure 3.

Distribution of sites with presence of the nematode Metaparasitylenchus hypothenemi across four different rainfall distribution ranges of the Soconusco for the years 2003 and 2019. Site locations appear as white (absence) or black (presence) dots.
Distribution of sites with presence of the nematode Metaparasitylenchus hypothenemi across four different rainfall distribution ranges of the Soconusco for the years 2003 and 2019. Site locations appear as white (absence) or black (presence) dots.

Figure 4.

Models of geographical distribution of Metaparasitylenchus hypothenemi in the Neotropical region. A) with fifteen climatic variables, B) with eight climatic variables, C) with six climatic variables, and D) the final model constructed with the sum of models A, B, and C. Regions with probability of occurrence (high inside the red rectangle, low inside the dotted line shapes).
Models of geographical distribution of Metaparasitylenchus hypothenemi in the Neotropical region. A) with fifteen climatic variables, B) with eight climatic variables, C) with six climatic variables, and D) the final model constructed with the sum of models A, B, and C. Regions with probability of occurrence (high inside the red rectangle, low inside the dotted line shapes).

Figure 5.

Zoomed-in on the region with the highest probability of occurrence (Mexico and Guatemala), with dots indicating site locations with absence (white) and presence (black) of the parasite for the years 2003 and 2019. The probability of nematode occurrence is shown as a color gradient (1–10).
Zoomed-in on the region with the highest probability of occurrence (Mexico and Guatemala), with dots indicating site locations with absence (white) and presence (black) of the parasite for the years 2003 and 2019. The probability of nematode occurrence is shown as a color gradient (1–10).

Altitude, temperature, and precipitation for 2003 and 2019 in coffee plantations with Metaparasitylenchus hypothenemi absence_

Year Municipality Locality Altitude (m a.s.l.) Temperature (°C) Precipitacion (mm/year)
2003 Unión Juárez Unión Juárez 1295.00 21.51 4013.41
Cacahoatán Finca La Gloria 569.00 24.64 4436.73
Tuxtla Chico Ejido Manuel Lazos 363.00 25.45 3834.87
San José La Victoria 484.00 24.96 4286.24
Tapachula Finca Hamburgo 1166.00 22.18 3729.59
Finca Irlanda 1149.00 22.32 3694.39
Finca Maravillas 647.00 24.28 4290.40
San Miguel 409.00 25.45 3943.71
Huixtla Camino Real 465.00 25.16 3631.59
Finca Córcega 370.00 25.23 3628.14
Villacomaltitlán Ejido Zapote Mocho 120.00 26.85 3329.28
Finca La Granja 459.00 24.87 3638.88
2019 Motozintla Finca Santa Catalina 795.00 23.52 3363.59
Ranchería Varitas 757.00 23.67 3376.80
El Manguito 748.00 23.87 3464.51
Finca Brasil 734.00 23.80 3441.29
Los Cocos 637.00 24.34 3642.55
Tapachula Ejido Mexiquito 813.00 23.63 4072.84
Santa Anita 766.00 23.76 4041.23
Finca Maravillas 760.00 23.83 4148.71
Tiro Seguro 713.00 24.08 4130.85
San José Nexapa 665.00 24.30 4429.00
Ejido Toluca 553.00 24.76 4372.55
Malpaso 326.00 25.85 3554.65
Tuxtla Chico Finca El Encanto 461 25.14 4176.88
Escuintla Ejido Tres de mayo 529.00 25.06 3377.83
Jamaica 331.00 25.99 3441.58
Tuzantán El Retiro 480.00 25.22 3818.76
Río Negro 208.00 26.65 3339.10
Villacomaltitlán Manuel Ávila Camacho 109.00 27.05 3249.11

Altitude, temperature, and precipitation for 2003 and 2019 in coffee plantations with Metaparasitylenchus hypothenemi presence (various localities in Mexico and San Pablo, Guatemala)_

Year Municipality Locality Altitude (m a.s.l.) Temperature (°C) Precipitation (mm/year)
2003 Unión Juárez Finca Monte Perla 1020 22.87 4311.96
Ejido Once de Abril 852 23.50 4544.00
Cacahoatán Ejido Santo Domingo 810 23.79 4640.05
Finca La Alianza 671 24.24 4503.66
Finca El Zapote 676 24.21 4525.80
Rancho El Paraíso 564 24.65 4433.28
Tapachula Finca San Enrique 754 23.99 4139.28
Ejido Cinco de Mayo 554 24.85 4315.99
Ejido El Edén 544 25.57 3875.75
Rancho La Esperanza 507 25.14 4134.87
Tuxtla Chico Finca El Encanto 461 25.03 4242.72
2019 Unión Juárez Río Suchiate 1014 22.00 3295.00
Finca Monte Perla 938 23.18 4443.20
Santo Domingo 883 23.47 4636.51
Ejido Once de Abril 850 23.56 4562.55
San Rafael 819 23.63 4629.64
Ejido San Jerónimo 747 23.94 4573.30
Cacahoatán Dos de Mayo 839 23.64 4566.13
Faja de Oro 836 23.60 4559.70
Finca El Zapote 720 24.09 4547.48
Finca La Alianza 703 23.92 4563.86
Rosario Ixtal 600 24.59 4455.24
Rancho San Antonio 577 24.61 4447.98
La Unidad 568 24.63 4443.94
Tapachula Finca Santa Lucía 672 24.26 4426.17
Salvador Urbina 598 24.59 4439.59
Finca Brasil 463 25.31 4045.24
Acacoyagua Ejido Los Cacaos 450 25.25 3211.97
San Pablo Finca Buena Vista 670 24.00 3689.00

Breadth and evaluation of the SDMs_ All models were characterized by a high predictive accuracy in the partial ROC test (AUC = 0_99)_ The breadth of the geographical distribution of Metaparasitylenchus hypothenemi was similar (4692 km2), although all models predict a limited geographical distribution (0_02%) for the Neotropical region (23943229 km2)_

SDM Accessible area SDM breadth Proportion Partial ROC test
(1px = 1km2) (1px = 1km2) (%) AUC of 0.95 AUC of 0.5 Ratio
Model A 23,943,229 4,977 0.021 0.99976 0.49999 1.99951
Model B 4,811 0.020 0.99979 0.49999 1.99959
Model C 4,834 0.020 0.99980 0.49999 1.99959
Final model (D) 4,692 0.020 - - -
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