<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<sec><h3>Introduction</h3>
<p>Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) primarily shows neurological symptoms and is more frequent in males, often occurring in oncological patients. It can also be associated with renal conditions like post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, a common cause of pediatric hypertension. Management involves blood pressure and seizure treatment. In some cases, it may lead to irreversible and severe complications. Early treatment is essential for prevention.</p>
</sec>
<sec><h3>Presentation of case series</h3>
<p>In the past six months, we have documented the cases of two patients, aged 15 and 10, both of whom presented with PRES and renal disease. These patients were admitted because of general malaise, headaches, nausea, vomiting, visual disturbances, and elevated blood pressure. Subsequently, both patients experienced epileptic episodes. Only the first patient required transfer to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). Cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans revealed distinct PRES lesions in both cases. Following comprehensive investigations, both cases were diagnosed with PRES in the context of acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis.</p>
</sec>
<sec><h3>Conclusions</h3>
<p>The patients showed improvement following the administration of antihypertensive and anticonvulsant medications, along with treatment for the underlying renal condition.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>

Introduction
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) primarily shows neurological symptoms and is more frequent in males, often occurring in oncological patients. It can also be associated with renal conditions like post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, a common cause of pediatric hypertension. Management involves blood pressure and seizure treatment. In some cases, it may lead to irreversible and severe complications. Early treatment is essential for prevention.

Presentation of case series
In the past six months, we have documented the cases of two patients, aged 15 and 10, both of whom presented with PRES and renal disease. These patients were admitted because of general malaise, headaches, nausea, vomiting, visual disturbances, and elevated blood pressure. Subsequently, both patients experienced epileptic episodes. Only the first patient required transfer to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). Cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans revealed distinct PRES lesions in both cases. Following comprehensive investigations, both cases were diagnosed with PRES in the context of acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis.

Conclusions
The patients showed improvement following the administration of antihypertensive and anticonvulsant medications, along with treatment for the underlying renal condition.

Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome, not so Uncommon in Pediatric Patients with Renal Involvement: A Case Series

George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures

The Journal of Critical Care Medicine

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Introduction
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) primarily shows neurological symptoms and is more frequent in males, often occurring in...

Analysis	Case 1	Case 2
Urinalysis
Erythrocytes	300/μL	300/μL

Urine sediment
Erythrocytes	11–20/field	21–50/field
	80% dysmorphic red blood cells, 20% isomorphic red blood cells /field	95% dysmorphic red blood cells, 5% isomorphic red blood cells /field
	Hematic casts
Leukocytes	0–5/field	0–5/field
Proteins	negative	1 g/L
C3	0,33 g/L	0,19 g/L
C4	0,104 g/L	0.123 g/L
C3 after 6 weeks	1,48 g/L	1,17 g/L

Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome, not so Uncommon in Pediatric Patients with Renal Involvement: A Case Series

Article Category: Case Report

Pubblicato online: 30 gen 2024

Pagine: 96 - 102

Ricevuto: 14 ago 2023

Accettato: 05 dic 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jccm-2024-0004

Parole chiave
posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, renal involvement, clinico-radiological findings, children

© 2024 Ana-Maria Roxana Koller et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Fig. 1.

Fig. 2.

Urine analysis and immunology tests performed on the third day following admission of the patients to the pediatric nephrology department

Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome, not so Uncommon in Pediatric Patients with Renal Involvement: A Case Series

Article Category: Case Report

Pubblicato online: 30 gen 2024

Pagine: 96 - 102

Ricevuto: 14 ago 2023

Accettato: 05 dic 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jccm-2024-0004

Parole chiaveposterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, renal involvement, clinico-radiological findings, children

© 2024 Ana-Maria Roxana Koller et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Fig. 1.

Fig. 2.

Urine analysis and immunology tests performed on the third day following admission of the patients to the pediatric nephrology department

Parole chiave
posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, renal involvement, clinico-radiological findings, children