Male | 66 (84.6%) | 12 (15.4%) | 78 | 0.554 |
Female | 21 (77.8%) | 6 (22.2%) | 27 | |
Less than 65 | 45 (75%) | 15 (25%) | 60 | 0.018 |
More than 65 | 42 (93.3%) | 3 (7.6%) | 45 | |
Supine | 57 (77%) | 17 (23%) | 74 | 0.002 |
Head up | 29 (100%) | 0 | 29 | |
RAMP | 1 (50%) | 1 (50%) | 2 | |
Single Hand | 53 (80.3%) | 13 (19.3%) | 66 | 0.774 |
Both Hands CE | 31 (86%) | 5 (14%) | 36 | |
Both Hands VE | 3 (100%) | 0 | 3 | |
Full | 75 (88.2%) | 10 (17.8%) | 85 | 0.001 |
Partial | 12 (75%) | 4 (25%) | 16 | |
None | 0 | 4 (100%) | 4 |
Male | 78 | 74.3 | |
Female | 27 | 25.7 | |
Less than 65 | 60 | 57.1 | |
More than 65 | 45 | 42.9 | |
Diabetes mellitus | 70 | 66.7 | |
Hypertension | 56 | 53.3 | |
Ischemic heart disease | 23 | 21.9 | |
Immune compromise status | 9 | 8.6 | |
CKD | 9 | 8.6 | |
None | 6 | 5.7 | |
COPD | 3 | 2.9 | |
Malignancy | 2 | 1.9 | |
Confirmed | 97 | 92.4 | |
Suspected | 8 | 7.6 | |
COVID ward | 59 | 56.2 | |
COVID ICU | 23 | 21.9 | |
Acute care unit | 11 | 10.5 | |
Emergency room | 6 | 5.7 | |
Others | 4 | 3.8 | |
Surgical or medical ICU | 2 | 1.9 | |
COVID operating room | 2 | 1.9 | |
Conventional nasal cannula / prongs | 4 | 3.8 | |
Simple facemask / non-rebreather mask | 15 | 14.3 | |
High flow nasal oxygen / cannula | 0 | 0 | |
Continuous positive airway pressure | 9 | 8.6 | |
Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation | 77 | 73.3 | |
Supine | 74 | 70.5 | |
Head up 15–30 degree | 29 | 27.6 | |
RAMP | 2 | 1.9 | |
Classic RSI | 71 | 67.6 | |
Modified RSI | 21 | 20.0 | |
Cardiac arrest situation - no drugs given | 13 | 2.4 |
Full | 85 | 8 |
Partial | 16 | 15.2 |
None | 4 | 3.8 |
Easy – ETT passed in first attempt | 87 | 82.9 |
Modified – ETT passed with more than one attempt | 18 | 17 |
Unachievable – unable to pass ETT | 0 | 0 |
External laryngeal manipulation | 23 | 21.9 |
ETT stylet | 68 | 64.8 |
Bougie | 5 | 4.8 |
Magill forceps | 0 | 0 |
None | 24 | 22.9 |
Change to conventional laryngoscope | 7 | 6.7 |
LMA | 6 | 5.7 |
Face mask ventilation | 5 | 4.8 |
Front of neck access | 0 | 0 |
None | 91 | 86.7 |
First attempt | 87 | 82.9 |
Second attempt | 14 | 13.3 |
More than two attempts | 4 | 3.8 |