Overall (N=158) | |
---|---|
Clinical Characteristics | |
Age | 56.2 (16.8) |
BMI | 31.3 (8.0) |
Male | 81 (51.3%) |
Active Tobacco Use | 9 (5.8%) |
White, non-Hispanic | 30 (19.5%) |
Black | 53 (34.4%) |
Hispanic | 45 (29.2%) |
Asian | 11 (7.1%) |
Other | 15 (9.7%) |
Diabetes | 47 (30.3%) |
Hypertension | 87 (56.1%) |
COPD | 11 (7.1%) |
Creatinine >2 mg/dL on Admission | 4 (2.5%) |
Cirrhosis | 3 (1.9%) |
Coronary Artery Disease | 18 (11.6%) |
Active Cancer | 11 (7.1%) |
Immunosuppressed | 10 (6.5%) |
Subjective Fever | 111 (74.0%) |
Cough | 126 (82.4) |
Diarrhoea | 40 (26.8%) |
Nausea/Vomiting | 42 (28.2%) |
Myalgia | 34 (22.8%) |
Dyspnoea | 116 (75.3%) |
Duration of Symptoms | 6.7 (4.6) |
Unilateral Infiltrate | 28 (17.8%) |
Bilateral Infiltrate | 102 (65%) |
Other Findings | 28 (17.8%) |
Intubation Indicated | 64 (40.5%) |
Vasopressors Indicated | 42 (26.6%) |
Prone Positioned | 24 (15.2%) |
Deceased | 4 (2.5%) |
Discharge | 55 (36.9%) |
Overall (N=64) | |
---|---|
Oxygen Requirement on Admission in Litres of Oxygen | 5.6 (13.2) |
Highest Oxygen Requirement Stable >1 Hour within 24 Hours of Admission in Litres of Oxygen | 5.0 (4.1) |
Use of Non-Invasive Ventilation Before Intubation | 1 (1.6%) |
Oxygen Requirement within one hour of Intubation in Litres of Oxygen | 12.9 (12.7) |
SOFA on Intubation | 4.5 (2.1) |
Days Intubated | 11.926 (8.519) |
P:F Ratio at 8h | 146.3 (84.1) |
P:F Ratio at 16h | 194.9 (69.1) |
P:F Ratio at 24h | 204.0 (63.4) |
P:F Ratio at 32h | 216.8 (65.5) |
P:F Ratio at 40h | 216.2 (65.9) |
P:F Ratio at 48h | 204.7 (75.3) |
P:F Ratio at 56h | 212.5 (73.9) |
P:F Ratio at 64h | 217.0 (71.2) |
P:F Ratio at 72h | 219.9 (81.4) |
P:FP Ratio at 8h | 12.3 (7.4) |
P:FP Ratio at 16h | 17.3 (9.8) |
P:FP Ratio at 24h | 17.5 (8.0) |
P:FP Ratio at 32h | 19.1 (8.8) |
P:FP Ratio at 40h | 20.1 (10.8) |
P:FP Ratio at 48h | 18.2 (13.7) |
P:FP Ratio at 56h | 19.1 (9.5) |
P:FP Ratio at 64h | 20.6 (12.8) |
P:FP Ratio at 72h | 21.2 (13.0) |
Not Intubated (N=94) | Intubated (N=64) | N-Missing (Not intubated/ Intubated) | p-value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age | 55.36 (17.33) | 57.32 (15.90) | 0/1 | 0.415 |
BMI | 30.85 (7.84) | 32.01 (8.2) | 5/0 | 0.436 |
Male | 45 (47.9%) | 36 (56.2%) | NA | 0.333 |
Active Tobacco Use | 4 (4.3%) | 5 (8.1%) | NA | 0.485 |
Non-White Race and/or Hispanic | 71 (76.3%) | 53 (86.9%) | NA | 0.145 |
Ethnicity | ||||
Diabetes | 21 (22.3%) | 26 (42.6%) | NA | 0.012 |
Hypertension | 52 (55.3%) | 35 (57.4%) | NA | 0.869 |
COPD | 6 (6.4%) | 5 (8.2%) | NA | 0.753 |
Creatinine >2 mg/dL on Admission | 1 (1.1%) | 3 (4.8%) | NA | 0.303 |
Cirrhosis | 1 (1.1%) | 2 (3.3%) | NA | 0.562 |
Coronary Artery Disease | 12 (12.8%) | 6 (9.8%) | NA | 0.620 |
Active Cancer | 6 (6.4%) | 5 (8.2%) | NA | 0.753 |
Immunosuppressed | 8 (8.6%) | 2 (3.3%) | NA | 0.317 |
Subjective Fever | 72 (77.4%) | 39 (68.4%) | NA | 0.253 |
Cough | 75 (79.8%) | 51 (86.4%) | NA | 0.385 |
Diarrhoea | 30 (32.3%) | 10 (17.9%) | NA | 0.059 |
Nausea/Vomiting | 33 (35.5%) | 9 (16.1%) | NA | 0.014 |
Myalgia | 20 (21.5%) | 14 (25%) | NA | 0.688 |
Dyspnoea | 74 (78.7%) | 42 (70%) | NA | 0.253 |
Duration of Symptoms | 6.7 (4.53) | 6.57 (4.81) | 1/6 | 0.796 |
Clear | 12 (13.8%) | 4 (6.3%) | NA | 0.192 |
Unilateral Infiltrate | 21 (22.3%) | 7 (11.1%) | NA | 0.090 |
Bilateral Infiltrate | 51 (54.3%) | 51 (81%) | NA | <0.001 |
Pleural Effusion | 0 (0%) | 2 (3.2%) | NA | 0.159 |
Other Finding | 6 (6.4%) | 3 (4.8%) | NA | 0.741 |
CRP mg/L | 70.34 (60.5) | 142.50 (83.36) | 2/6 | <0.001 |
LDH U/L | 311.53 (102.3) | 415.37 (160.22) | 5/13 | <0.001 |
D-dimer FEU | 1199.23 (1692.86) | 4475.20 (14140.16) | 15/14 | 0.033 |
Ferritin ng/mL | 428.47 (426.81) | 790.62 (1236.12) | 7/17 | 0.079 |
Neutrophils x10^9/L | 4.55 (2.11) | 7.20 (3.68) | 59/24 | <0.001 |
Lymphocytes x10^9/L | 3.60 (14.03) | 1.08 (0.63) | 59/24 | 0.067 |
NLR | 4.20 (2.41) | 8.33 (6.51) | 59/24 | <0.001 |
Deceased | 2 (2.1%) | 2 (3.1%) | NA | 1.00 |
Discharged | 53 (57.6%) | 2 (3.5%) | NA | <0.001 |
Unadjusted | Adjusted * | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Term | OR | 95% CI | p-value | OR | 95% CI | p-value |
1 SD change in CRP (78.0 mg/L) | 3.05 | (1.9, 4.8) | <0.001 | 2.81 | (1.8, 4.5) | <0.001 |
1 SD change in LDH (135.6 U/L) | 2.31 | (1.5, 3.6) | <0.001 | 2.10 | (1.3, 3.3) | 0.002 |
1 SD change in Log D-Dimer (0.94 log FEU) | 1.47 | (1, 2.2) | 0.048 | 1.33 | (0.8, 2.1) | 0.22 |
1 SD change in NLR (5.4) | 1.94 | (1.1, 3.5) | 0.031 | 2.21 | (1.1, 4.5) | 0.033 |
1 SD change in Log Ferritin (1.12 log ng/mL) | 1.45 | (1, 2.1) | 0.055 | 1.29 | (0.9, 1.9) | 0.23 |
1 SD change in BMI (8.0 kg/m2) | 1.15 | (0.8, 1.6) | 0.39 | 1.07 | (0.7, 1.6) | 0.71 |
1 SD change in age (16.8 years) | 1.13 | (0.8, 1.6) | 0.45 | 1.15 | (0.8, 1.7) | 0.48 |
Symptom Duration | 0.99 | (0.9, 1.1) | 0.86 | 0.99 | (0.9, 1.1) | 0.72 |
DM | 2.52 | (1.3, 5.1) | 0.010 | 1.98 | (0.9, 4.3) | 0.081 |
Ethnicity/Race is Non-White | 2.08 | (0.9, 5) | 0.10 | 1.96 | (0.8, 5.1) | 0.17 |
Bilateral Infiltrate on X-Ray | 3.6 | (1.7, 7.6) | 0.001 | 3.39 | (1.5, 7.6) | 0.003 |