Dependent variable | Number of new hires | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Firm sizes included: | 18–21 | 17–22 | 16–23 | 15–24 | 10–50 |
Post * small firm | -0.005 | -0.002 | 0.003 | 0.000 | 0.010 |
(0.017) | (0.015) | (0.014) | (0.013) | (0.010) | |
Small firm | -0.014 | -0.000 | -0.018 | -0.014 | -0.016* |
(0.016) | (0.013) | (0.012) | (0.011) | (0.009) | |
Firm sizes included: | 17–18, 21–22 | 16–18, 21–23 | 15–18, 21–24 | 10–18, 21–50 | |
Post * small firm | 0.010 | 0.012 | 0.006 | 0.013 | |
(0.018) | (0.016) | (0.015) | (0.010) | ||
Small firm | 0.032 | -0.032 | -0.020 | -0.019* | |
(0.028) | (0.019) | (0.016) | (0.010) | ||
Firm sizes included: | 16–17, 22–23 | 15–17, 22–24 | 10–17, 22–50 | ||
Post * small firm | 0.008 | 0.001 | 0.013 | ||
(0.019) | (0.017) | (0.010) | |||
Small firm | -0.126*** | -0.043* | -0.022* | ||
(0.039) | (0.025) | (0.012) | |||
Dependent variable | On temporary contract, 2012 | On temporary contract, 2012 | On trial period, 2012 | On trial period, 2012 | On temporary contract, 2008 | On temporary contract, 2008 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Predicted probability of temporary contract from 2008 data, parsimonious | 1.156*** | –1.436*** | ||||
(0.220) | (0.223) | |||||
Predicted probability of temporary contract from 2008 data, full controls | 1.364*** | –1.230*** | ||||
Predicted probability of trial period from 2012 data, parsimonious | (0.151) | (0.147) | –0.270** | |||
Predicted probability of trial period from 2012 data, full controls | (0.135) | –0.521*** | ||||
(0.086) | ||||||
Year | 2012 | 2012 | 2012 | 2012 | 2008 | 2008 |
2,397 | 2,385 | 2,397 | 2,385 | 1,686 | 1,686 | |
0.014 | 0.043 | 0.015 | 0.025 | 0.003 | 0.023 | |
0.207 | 0.207 | 0.376 | 0.375 | 0.200 | 0.200 |
Dependent variable | New hires who lasted 5+ months | New hires who were employed elsewhere previous month |
---|---|---|
Post * small firm | 0.006 | -0.003 |
(0.014) | (0.015) | |
Small firm | -0.013 | -0.016 |
(0.012) | (0.013) | |
Firm size (ln) | 1.000*** | 0.948*** |
(0.037) | (0.041) | |
Month-in-year fixed effects | Yes | Yes |
Calendar month * lvl 3 industry fixed effects | Yes | Yes |
Negative binomial regression | |
---|---|
Dependent variable: Number of new hires | |
Between * size 1–4 | -0.003 |
(0.016) | |
Between * size 5–9 | 0.015 |
(0.016) | |
Between * size 10–14 | 0.017 |
(0.016) | |
Between * size 15–19 | 0.003 |
(0.017) | |
Between * size 25–29 | 0.015 |
(0.020) | |
Post * size 1–4 | -0.013 |
(0.014) | |
Post * size 5–9 | -0.005 |
(0.015) | |
Post * size 10–14 | -0.014 |
(0.015) | |
Post * size 15–19 | -0.004 |
(0.015) | |
Post * size 25–29 | -0.028 |
(0.018) | |
Dependent variable: Indicator for employment lasting at least | 2 months | 2 months | 5 months | 12 months | 24 months |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
- | - | - | |||
Post * small firm | 0.007** | 0.006** | 0.000 | -0.003 | -0.001 |
(0.003) | (0.003) | (0.004) | (0.003) | (0.003) | |
Small firm | -0.001 | -0.003 | -0.003 | -0.001 | -0.002 |
(0.002) | (0.002) | (0.002) | (0.002) | (0.002) | |
Firm size (ln) | 0.026*** | 0.014** | 0.029*** | 0.025*** | 0.015*** |
(0.006) | (0.006) | (0.008) | (0.007) | (0.005) | |
Plant size (ln) | -0.015*** | -0.013*** | -0.019*** | -0.009*** | -0.005*** |
(0.001) | (0.001) | (0.002) | (0.001) | (0.001) | |
Age | 0.013*** | 0.018*** | 0.015*** | 0.012*** | |
(0.000) | (0.000) | (0.000) | (0.000) | ||
Age squared (per 100) | -0.015*** | -0.020*** | -0.016*** | -0.012*** | |
(0.000) | (0.000) | (0.000) | (0.000) | ||
Female | 0.007*** | 0.006*** | -0.006*** | -0.011*** | |
(0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | ||
On jobseeker benefit in previous year | -0.026*** | -0.071*** | -0.070*** | -0.051*** | |
(0.002) | (0.002) | (0.002) | (0.001) | ||
On sole parent benefit in previous year | -0.027*** | -0.051*** | -0.053*** | -0.040*** | |
(0.003) | (0.003) | (0.003) | (0.002) | ||
On supported living benefit in previous year | -0.056*** | -0.090*** | -0.082*** | -0.056*** | |
(0.005) | (0.006) | (0.004) | (0.003) | ||
On other benefit type in previous year | -0.031*** | -0.055*** | -0.055*** | -0.035*** | |
(0.003) | (0.004) | (0.003) | (0.002) | ||
Recent migrant | 0.001 | -0.033*** | -0.040*** | -0.032*** | |
(0.002) | (0.002) | (0.002) | (0.001) | ||
No wage or salary income in previous year | 0.017*** | 0.041*** | 0.045*** | 0.034*** | |
(0.001) | (0.002) | (0.001) | (0.001) | ||
Worked at a different firm the previous month | 0.015*** | 0.046*** | 0.055*** | 0.040*** | |
(0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | ||
Maori | -0.012*** | -0.028*** | -0.027*** | -0.020*** | |
(0.001) | (0.002) | (0.001) | (0.001) | ||
Pasifika | -0.009*** | -0.016*** | -0.015*** | -0.007*** | |
(0.002) | (0.002) | (0.002) | (0.002) | ||
Asian | 0.004* | 0.007*** | -0.002 | -0.005*** | |
(0.002) | (0.002) | (0.002) | (0.002) | ||
Other ethnicity | -0.006*** | -0.012*** | -0.010*** | -0.008*** | |
(0.002) | (0.002) | (0.002) | (0.002) | ||
Education leaver (in past year) | 0.021*** | 0.027*** | 0.021*** | 0.009*** | |
(0.001) | (0.002) | (0.002) | (0.001) | ||
Month-in-year fixed effects | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Calendar month * lvl 3 industry fixed effects | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Dependent variable: Indicator for hire type | Beneficiary in past year | Jobseeker beneficiary in past year | Not worked in past year | Recent migrant | Under 25 years old | Maori or Pasifika under 25 | Education leaver |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Post * small firm | 0.005 | 0.003 | 0.005* | –0.001 | 0.003 | 0.001 | 0.002 |
(0.003) | (0.002) | (0.003) | (0.004) | (0.004) | (0.002) | (0.002) | |
Small firm | –0.001 | –0.001 | –0.003 | –0.004 | 0.003 | –0.002 | 0.000 |
(0.002) | (0.002) | (0.003) | (0.003) | (0.003) | (0.002) | (0.002) | |
Firm size (ln) | –0.002 | 0.001 | –0.002 | 0.009 | 0.004 | –0.004 | 0.002 |
(0.007) | (0.006) | (0.008) | (0.010) | (0.009) | (0.006) | (0.005) | |
Plant size (ln) | –0.002 | 0.000 | 0.004* | 0.001 | 0.013*** | 0.009*** | –0.004*** |
(0.002) | (0.002) | (0.002) | (0.003) | (0.003) | (0.002) | (0.001) | |
Month-in-year fixed effects | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Calendar month * 3-digit industry fixed effects | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Dependent variable | Number of new hires |
---|---|
Time trend | -0.0087 |
(0.0054) | |
Small firm | -0.0143 |
(0.0181) | |
Log of firm size | 0.9632*** |
(0.0448) | |
Calendar month * level 3 industry fixed effects | Yes |
Observations | 359,046 |
Dependent variable: Indicator for hire type | Beneficiary in past year | Jobseeker beneficiary in past year | Not worked in past year | Recent mi-grant | Under 25 years old | Maori or Pasifika under 25 years old | Education leaver |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Panel A: Trial period use, employee training, permanent contract use, and long-term jobs | |||||||
Post * small firm * proportion of jobs | 0.048** | 0.046*** | –0.023 | –0.075*** | –0.012 | 0.010 | –0.022 |
starting on trial period | (0.021) | (0.017) | (0.023) | (0.020) | (0.025) | (0.016) | (0.022) |
Post * small firm * proportion of jobs with | –0.004 | 0.002 | –0.006 | –0.042*** | 0.020 | –0.002 | –0.001 |
no employer-funded training | (0.016) | (0.013) | (0.018) | (0.015) | (0.019) | (0.012) | (0.017) |
Post * small firm * proportion of jobs | 0.089** | 0.062** | –0.010 | 0.094*** | –0.039 | 0.055** | –0.076** |
starting on permanent contract | (0.036) | (0.029) | (0.040) | (0.035) | (0.044) | (0.027) | (0.038) |
Post * small firm * proportion of jobs | 0.045*** | 0.031*** | 0.011 | 0.013 | –0.029* | 0.019* | –0.018 |
lasting 5+ months | (0.013) | (0.011) | (0.015) | (0.013) | (0.016) | (0.010) | (0.014) |
Panel B: Seasonality and firm growth | |||||||
Post * small firm * seasonality of industry | –0.010** | –0.008** | 0.002 | 0.009** | –0.002 | –0.005* | 0.008** |
(0.004) | (0.003) | (0.005) | (0.004) | (0.005) | (0.003) | (0.004) | |
Post * small firm * recent firm growth | 0.005** | 0.003* | 0.004* | –0.001 | 0.003 | –0.000 | 0.001 |
(0.002) | (0.002) | (0.002) | (0.002) | (0.003) | (0.002) | (0.002) | |
Firm size category | Firms with 0–14 employees | Firms with 15–19 employees | Firms with 20–24 employees | Firms with 25+ employees |
---|---|---|---|---|
Average employment (employee–firm matches) | 570,100 | 80,500 | 59,400 | 1,363,000 |
% of total employment | 27.5% | 3.9% | 2.9% | 65.8% |
Average number of firms employing in a month | 135,734 | 4,803 | 2,723 | 9,278 |
% of total firm months | 89.0% | 3.1% | 1.8% | 6.1% |
Count of all hires | 6,611,700 | 799,500 | 590,900 | 8,796,100 |
% of all hires | 39.4% | 4.8% | 3.5% | 52.4% |
Count of new hires | 3,948,500 | 512,100 | 381,200 | 5,439,200 |
% of new hires | 38.4% | 5.0% | 3.7% | 52.9% |
Robustness check | Excluding anomalous industries | Excluding firm months with extremely high hiring | Measuring firm size excluding all working proprietors | Interact | OLS regression | OLS regression | OLS regression |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dependent variable | Number of new hires | Number of new hires | Number of new hires | Number of new hires | Dummy for any new hires | Log (new hires +1) | Percentage change in employment (%) |
Post * small firm | 0.006 | 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.010 | 0.004 | 0.013*** | 0.021 |
(0.014) | (0.011) | (0.012) | (0.024) | (0.004) | (0.005) | (0.083) | |
Small firm | –0.021* | 0.001 | –0.008 | 0.023 | –0.002 | –0.011*** | –0.045 |
(0.012) | (0.009) | (0.010) | (0.082) | (0.003) | (0.004) | (0.083) | |
Firm size (ln) | 0.952*** | 1.023*** | 0.941*** | 0.930*** | 0.258*** | 0.359*** | –0.360 |
(0.036) | (0.028) | (0.030) | (0.034) | (0.009) | (0.011) | (0.236) | |
Month-in-year fixed effects | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Calendar month * 3-digit industry fixed effects | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Small firm*quarterly GDP interaction | Yes | ||||||
Dependent variable: Indicator for employment lasting at least: | 2 months | 5 months | 12 months | 24 months |
---|---|---|---|---|
Panel A: Beneficiaries, jobseekers, nonworkers, and migrants | ||||
- | - | - | - | |
Post * small firm | 0.006 | -0.008 | -0.012* | -0.005 |
(0.007) | (0.008) | (0.007) | (0.005) | |
Small firm | -0.002 | 0.004 | 0.005 | 0.002 |
(0.005) | (0.006) | (0.005) | (0.003) | |
- | - | |||
Post * small firm | 0.002 | -0.013 | -0.010 | -0.008 |
(0.008) | (0.010) | (0.008) | (0.006) | |
Small firm | 0.005 | 0.009 | 0.006 | 0.007 |
(0.006) | (0.007) | (0.006) | (0.004) | |
- | - | - | - | |
Post * small firm | 0.010 | 0.001 | -0.009 | -0.005 |
(0.006) | (0.007) | (0.007) | (0.005) | |
Small firm | -0.002 | -0.006 | 0.003 | 0.000 |
(0.004) | (0.005) | (0.005) | (0.004) | |
- | - | |||
Post * small firm | -0.002 | -0.015 | -0.018** | -0.013** |
(0.008) | (0.010) | (0.008) | (0.007) | |
Small firm | 0.002 | 0.008 | 0.012** | 0.009** |
(0.006) | (0.007) | (0.006) | (0.005) | |
Panel B: Youth, young Māori and Pasifika, and education-leaver hires | ||||
- | - | |||
Post * small firm | 0.005 | -0.003 | -0.005 | -0.005 |
(0.005) | (0.006) | (0.005) | (0.004) | |
Small firm | -0.005 | -0.001 | -0.003 | 0.000 |
(0.003) | (0.004) | (0.003) | (0.002) | |
- | - | |||
Post * small firm | -0.005 | -0.014 | -0.009 | -0.009 |
(0.010) | (0.012) | (0.009) | (0.007) | |
Small firm | 0.004 | 0.003 | -0.006 | 0.001 |
(0.007) | (0.008) | (0.006) | (0.004) | |
- | - | |||
Post * small firm | 0.003 | -0.013 | -0.013 | -0.001 |
(0.008) | (0.010) | (0.009) | (0.007) | |
Small firm | -0.008 | 0.006 | 0.004 | -0.001 |
(0.006) | (0.007) | (0.006) | (0.005) | |
Type of contract | Permanent contract with a trial period (%) | Permanent contract without a trial period (%) | Temporary contract (%) |
---|---|---|---|
% of new hires | 37.6 | 41.7 | 20.7 |
Firms with 15–19 employees | Firms with 20–24 employees | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Period relative to policy changes | Pre | Between | Post | Pre | Between | Post |
Average number of firms employing each month | 4,884 | 4,710 | 4,753 | 2,754 | 2,648 | 2,733 |
Average firm size | 16.8 | 16.8 | 16.8 | 21.8 | 21.8 | 21.8 |
% of firms with multiple plants | 13.8% | 13.7% | 13.3% | 17.7% | 18.0% | 16.8% |
% of firm months hiring anyone | 60.6% | 54.0% | 55.7% | 67.6% | 61.4% | 62.8% |
% of firm months hiring a nonseasonal employee | 49.1% | 42.2% | 44.2% | 56.4% | 49.2% | 51.1% |
% of firm months hiring a new employee | 47.3% | 40.0% | 42.3% | 52.7% | 46.8% | 49.1% |
Average number of new hires per firm month | 1.1 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.2 |
Average number of new hires | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.4 |
25th percentile of number of hires | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
50th percentile of number of hires | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
75th percentile of number of hires | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
Stayed with the firm for 5+ months | 45.1% | 47.1% | 49.1% | 45.3% | 46.5% | 49.3% |
Received benefit income in previous year | 17.1% | 18.1% | 20.1% | 17.2% | 18.3% | 19.6% |
Received jobseeker benefit income in previous year | 10.2% | 12.2% | 13.2% | 10.2% | 12.2% | 12.7% |
Had not worked in the past year | 23.4% | 25.3% | 27.6% | 23.1% | 25.0% | 26.7% |
Arrived in New Zealand on a visa in the past 2 years | 16.2% | 19.0% | 20.3% | 16.4% | 20.0% | 20.8% |
Are <25 years old | 43.1% | 40.3% | 42.3% | 41.3% | 38.9% | 40.1% |
Are Maori or Pasifika and <25 years old | 10.2% | 8.7% | 9.2% | 10.3% | 8.8% | 9.1% |
Left education in the previous year | 12.6% | 11.1% | 11.2% | 12.6% | 11.1% | 10.9% |
Had a job elsewhere the previous month | 51.4% | 47.3% | 47.6% | 51.6% | 47.6% | 48.3% |
Dependent variable: Indicator for hire type | Beneficiary in past year | Jobseeker beneficiary in past year | Not worked in past year | Recent migrant | Under 25 years old | Maori or Pasifika under 25 | Education leaver |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Firms sized 18–21 | |||||||
Post * small firm | 0.001 | 0.003 | 0.002 | 0.006 | –0.009* | –0.006** | 0.004 |
(0.004) | (0.003) | (0.004) | (0.006) | (0.005) | (0.003) | (0.003) | |
Small firm | 0.001 | –0.002 | 0.003 | –0.009* | 0.011** | 0.001 | 0.003 |
(0.004) | (0.003) | (0.005) | (0.005) | (0.005) | (0.003) | (0.003) | |
Firms sized 10–50 | |||||||
Post * small firm | 0.001 | –0.000 | 0.004* | 0.004 | 0.002 | –0.001 | 0.003** |
(0.002) | (0.002) | (0.002) | (0.004) | (0.003) | (0.002) | (0.001) | |
Small firm | –0.001 | –0.000 | 0.002 | –0.002 | 0.002 | –0.002 | –0.000 |
(0.002) | (0.001) | (0.002) | (0.003) | (0.002) | (0.002) | (0.001) | |
Firms sized 15–24, excluding 19–20 | |||||||
Post * small firm | 0.005 | 0.003 | 0.006* | –0.003 | 0.006 | 0.003 | –0.000 |
(0.003) | (0.003) | (0.003) | (0.005) | (0.004) | (0.002) | (0.002) | |
Small firm | –0.003 | –0.000 | –0.005 | –0.001 | –0.000 | –0.003 | –0.001 |
(0.003) | (0.003) | (0.004) | (0.005) | (0.004) | (0.003) | (0.003) | |
Firms sized 10–50, excluding 18–21 | |||||||
Post * small firm | 0.001 | –0.001 | 0.004** | 0.004 | 0.003 | –0.001 | 0.004** |
(0.003) | (0.002) | (0.002) | (0.004) | (0.003) | (0.002) | (0.001) | |
Small firm | –0.001 | –0.001 | 0.004** | –0.001 | 0.001 | –0.002 | –0.001 |
(0.003) | (0.002) | (0.003) | (0.004) | (0.003) | (0.002) | (0.001) | |
Dependent variable | On temporary contract, 2008 | On temporary contract, 2008 | On trial period, 2012 | On trial period, 2012 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Aged 50+ years | 0.037 | 0.022 | -0.078*** | -0.067** |
(0.028) | (0.026) | (0.026) | (0.026) | |
Aged 15–24 years | 0.065*** | 0.083*** | -0.025 | -0.050** |
(0.025) | (0.026) | (0.024) | (0.025) | |
Male | -0.028 | -0.035 | 0.027 | 0.005 |
(0.019) | (0.022) | (0.020) | (0.023) | |
Degree or higher qualification | 0.066** | 0.045 | -0.182*** | -0.117*** |
(0.032) | (0.032) | (0.025) | (0.029) | |
School qualification | 0.003 | 0.016 | -0.011 | -0.019 |
(0.026) | (0.026) | (0.027) | (0.027) | |
No qualification | 0.011 | -0.004 | -0.052* | -0.071** |
(0.027) | (0.026) | (0.030) | (0.029) | |
Does not know qualification | 0.064 | 0.133 | -0.084 | -0.082 |
(0.126) | (0.137) | (0.139) | (0.133) | |
Professional occupation | -0.005 | -0.085** | ||
(0.037) | (0.043) | |||
Technicians and trade | 0.048 | 0.055 | ||
(0.050) | (0.045) | |||
Community and personnel | 0.015 | -0.003 | ||
service | (0.040) | (0.048) | ||
Clerical and admin | 0.030 | -0.040 | ||
(0.040) | (0.045) | |||
Sales workers | 0.118** | -0.001 | ||
(0.054) | (0.046) | |||
Machinery operators and | 0.051 | 0.004 | ||
drivers | (0.056) | (0.055) | ||
Laborers | 0.087** | -0.035 | ||
(0.041) | (0.042) | |||
Other occupation | – | 0.080 (0.317) | ||
Ethnicity fixed effects | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Level 1 industry fixed effects | No | Yes | No | Yes |
Dependent variable: No. of new hires | Proportion of jobs in lvl 2 industry | Proportion of jobs in lvl 2 industry with | Proportion of jobs in lvl 2 industry | Proportion of jobs in lvl 2 industry | Seasonality of lvl 2 industry (proportion of max to min hires in a season, March 2005– February 2009) | Firm growth in employment over |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
interaction variable | using a trial period (0–1) | no employer-funded training (0–1) | with a permanent contract (0–1) | lasting 5+ months, 2005–2008 (0–1) | previous 12 months (decimal) | |
Post * small firm * interaction | 0.163 | 0.040 | 0.492* | 0.078 | –0.088*** | 0.000 |
variable | ||||||
(0.138) | (0.101) | (0.259) | (0.101) | (0.030) | (0.014) | |
Between * small firm | –0.021 | –0.040 | –0.238 | 0.011 | 0.097* | 0.004 |
(0.035) | (0.079) | (0.249) | (0.053) | (0.051) | (0.014) | |
Post * small firm | –0.036 | –0.030 | –0.443* | –0.038 | 0.131*** | –0.003 |
(0.034) | (0.074) | (0.235) | (0.051) | (0.048) | (0.014) | |
Between * interaction variable | –0.570*** | –0.214** | –0.960*** | –0.338*** | 0.077*** | 0.039*** |
(0.113) | (0.086) | (0.238) | (0.094) | (0.026) | (0.010) | |
Post * interaction variable | 0.038 | 0.091 | 0.151 | 0.002 | –0.014 | 0.041*** |
(0.115) | (0.083) | (0.231) | (0.089) | (0.025) | (0.012) | |
Small firm * interaction variable | –0.185** | –0.125* | –0.274 | –0.051 | 0.053*** | 0.008 |
(0.089) | (0.068) | (0.170) | (0.067) | (0.019) | (0.007) | |
Interaction variable | –15.960** | 5.130** | –6.534** | –2.339** | 0.567** | 0.040*** |
(7.516) | (2.351) | (3.114) | (1.124) | (0.273) | (0.006) | |
Small firm | 0.028 | 0.077 | 0.233 | 0.011 | –0.092*** | –0.013 |
(0.024) | (0.050) | (0.154) | (0.034) | (0.031) | (0.012) | |
Dependent variable: Indicator for employment lasting at least | 2 months | 5 months | 12 months | 24 months |
---|---|---|---|---|
- | - | - | ||
Post * small firm | 0.006** | 0.000 | -0.003 | -0.001 |
(0.003) | (0.004) | (0.003) | (0.003) | |
Small firm | -0.003 | -0.003 | -0.001 | -0.002 |
(0.002) | (0.002) | (0.002) | (0.002) | |
Employee demographic controls | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Month-in-year fixed effects | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Calendar month * level 3 industry fixed effects | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Observations | ||||
% hires of given type | ||||