−0.0988*** | −0.0030 | −0.0775*** | −0.0183 | −0.0699*** | 0.0226 | −0.0076 | −0.0409** | |
0.0924*** | 0.0551* | −0.0006 | 0.0378* | −0.0049 | 0.0094 | 0.0044 | 0.0285 | |
0.0627*** | 0.0409* | 0.0167 | 0.0051 | 0.0153 | −0.0113 | 0.0013 | 0.0164 | |
0.0584*** | 0.0228** | 0.0217*** | 0.0140* | 0.0128** | 0.0123 | 0.0089** | 0.0016 | |
0.0475*** | 0.0118 | 0.0340*** | 0.0017 | 0.0326*** | 0.0161 | 0.0014 | −0.0144* | |
964,806 | 501,200 | 964,806 | 964,806 | 943,643 | 571,442 | 964,806 | 964,806 | |
616,386 | 197,435 | 616,386 | 616,386 | 616,365 | 223,021 | 616,386 | 616,386 | |
105,818 | 61,121 | 105,818 | 105,818 | 84,655 | 105,778 | 105,818 | 105,818 | |
0.327 | 0.860 | 0.190 | 0.200 | 0.443 | 0.612 | 0.052 | 0.086 |
0.0465*** | 0.0213*** | 0.0167*** | 0.0086* | 0.0125*** | 0.0118* | 0.0041 | −0.0032 | |
0.0313*** | −0.0024 | 0.0254*** | 0.0083 | 0.0265*** | 0.0148 | −0.0010 | −0.0065 | |
964,806 | 501,200 | 964,806 | 964,806 | 943,643 | 571,441 | 964,806 | 964,806 | |
616,386 | 197,435 | 616,386 | 616,386 | 616,365 | 223,021 | 616,386 | 616,386 | |
105,818 | 61,121 | 105,818 | 105,818 | 84,655 | 105,778 | 105,818 | 105,818 | |
0.327 | 0.860 | 0.204 | 0.200 | 0.453 | 0.612 | 0.052 | 0.087 |
0.0484*** | 0.0194*** | 0.0188*** | 0.0102* | 0.0152*** | 0.0141** | 0.0036 | −0.0039 | |
0.0131** | 0.0072 | 0.0150*** | −0.0091* | 0.0194*** | 0.0013 | −0.0044* | −0.0104** | |
0.0489** | 0.0125 | 0.0062 | 0.0302** | −0.0074 | 0.0238 | 0.0136* | 0.0064 | |
938,791 | 479,919 | 938,791 | 938,791 | 917,835 | 550,362 | 938,791 | 938,791 | |
603,975 | 189,756 | 603,975 | 603,975 | 603,955 | 215,546 | 603,975 | 603,975 | |
105,061 | 60,367 | 105,061 | 105,061 | 84,105 | 105,022 | 105,061 | 105,061 | |
0.326 | 0.860 | 0.199 | 0.198 | 0.452 | 0.611 | 0.050 | 0.088 |
0.0572*** | 0.0210* | 0.0331*** | 0.0030 | 0.0444*** | −0.0073 | −0.0113* | 0.0104 | |
0.0463*** | 0.0163** | 0.0167*** | 0.0133** | 0.0096** | 0.0177** | 0.0071** | −0.0044 | |
−0.0125 | −0.0002 | −0.0177 | 0.0054 | −0.0142 | 0.0115 | −0.0035 | −0.0061 | |
964,806 | 501,200 | 964,806 | 964,806 | 943,643 | 571,441 | 964,806 | 964,806 | |
616,386 | 197,435 | 616,386 | 616,386 | 616,365 | 223,021 | 616,386 | 616,386 | |
105,818 | 61,121 | 105,818 | 105,818 | 84,655 | 105,778 | 105,818 | 105,818 | |
0.327 | 0.860 | 0.204 | 0.200 | 0.453 | 0.612 | 0.052 | 0.087 |
−0.0849*** | −0.0262 | −0.0508** | −0.0080 | −0.0397* | 0.0378 | −0.0111 | −0.0458*** | |
0.1146*** | 0.0620** | 0.0046 | 0.0480** | −0.0026 | 0.0130 | 0.0072 | 0.0349* | |
0.0558*** | 0.0244 | 0.0223* | 0.0091 | 0.0249** | 0.0022 | −0.0026 | 0.0069 | |
0.0507*** | 0.0159* | 0.0236*** | 0.0112* | 0.0156*** | 0.0132* | 0.0079** | −0.0020 | |
964,807 | 501,200 | 964,807 | 964,807 | 943,643 | 571,443 | 964,807 | 964,807 | |
616,386 | 197,435 | 616,386 | 616,386 | 616,365 | 223,022 | 616,386 | 616,386 | |
105,819 | 61,121 | 105,819 | 105,819 | 84,655 | 105,779 | 105,819 | 105,819 | |
0.327 | 0.860 | 0.204 | 0.200 | 0.453 | 0.612 | 0.052 | 0.087 |
Linked | Skill | Interaction | |
---|---|---|---|
Baseline | 0.0172*** (0.0046) | − | − |
Manual Dexterity | 0.0172*** (0.0047) | −0.0449*** (0.0020) | −0.0026 (0.0052) |
Stamina | 0.0172*** (0.0047) | −0.0445*** (0.0019) | −0.0066 (0.0055) |
Persistence | 0.0167*** (0.0046) | 0.0441*** (0.0014) | 0.0037 (0.0052) |
Stress Tolerance | 0.0174*** (0.0046) | 0.0308*** (0.0014) | −0.0024 (0.0050) |
Analytical Thinking | 0.0164*** (0.0046) | 0.0469*** (0.0015) | 0.0053 (0.0050) |
Complex Problem Solving | 0.0159*** (0.0046) | 0.0546*** (0.0016) | 0.0056 (0.0048) |
Active Learning | 0.0167*** (0.0046) | 0.0528*** (0.0015) | 0.0016 (0.0052) |
Coordination | 0.0174*** (0.0046) | 0.0398*** (0.0014) | −0.0025 (0.0044 |
Cooperation | 0.0171*** (0.0046) | 0.0203*** (0.0015) | −0.0022 (0.0052) |
Adaptability/Flexibility | 0.0170*** (0.0046) | 0.0329*** (0.0015) | 0.0026 (0.0050) |
Originality | 0.0163*** (0.0046) | 0.0436*** (0.0015) | 0.0066 (0.0052) |
Innovation | 0.0158*** (0.0046) | 0.0329*** (0.0014) | 0.0081 (0.0048) |
Independence | 0.0172*** (0.0046) | 0.0152*** (0.0015) | 0.0020 (0.0049) |
0.0436*** | 0.0162** | 0.0188*** | 0.0086* | 0.0161*** | 0.0071 | 0.0027 | 0.0015 | |
0.0620*** | 0.0423*** | 0.0103 | 0.0095 | −0.0003 | 0.0366*** | 0.0106** | −0.0272*** | |
964,806 | 501,200 | 964,806 | 964,806 | 943,643 | 571,442 | 964,806 | 964,806 | |
616,386 | 197,435 | 616,386 | 616,386 | 616,365 | 223,021 | 616,386 | 616,386 | |
105,818 | 61,121 | 105,818 | 105,818 | 84,655 | 105,778 | 105,818 | 105,818 | |
0.327 | 0.860 | 0.203 | 0.200 | 0.453 | 0.612 | 0.052 | 0.087 |
Parameter | Interpretation | ||
---|---|---|---|
0. | The wage differential between linked and nonlinked hires, controlling for only | ||
1. | The wage differential between linked and nonlinked hires, controlling for | ||
1a. | The pure ‘presence effects’ of having a potential referrer at the firm. | ||
1b. | Bias arising from the possibility that linked workers are better matched with firms (match selection). | ||
2. | The average worker effect differential between linked and nonlinked hires. | ||
2a. | The average worker effect differentials between linked and nonlinked hires within firms. | ||
2b. | The average worker effect differential between firms that tend to make linked hires and those that tend to make nonlinked hires. | ||
3. | The average firm effect differential between linked and nonlinked hires. | ||
3a. | The average firm effect differentials between linked and nonlinked hires within worker careers. | ||
3b. | The average firm effect differential between workers that tend to be hired with and without links. |
Subsample | Nonlinked subgroups | Control group | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Linked | Nonlinked | First spell | W/o small firm experience | Control group | Always nonlinked | Nonlinked and linked | |
No. of observations | 20,227 | ||||||
Log of relative daily earnings | −0.470 | − | − | − | − | − | − |
Monthly earnings (HUF) | 128,511 | 127,616 | |||||
Age | 38.0 | ||||||
Elementary education | 12% | 21% | 13% | ||||
Secondary education | 63% | ||||||
Tertiary education | 25% | 25% | |||||
Central Hungary | 32% | ||||||
Central Transdanubia | 12% | 12% | 12% | 12% | |||
Western Transdanubia | 9% | 9% | |||||
Southern Transdanubia | 8% | 8% | |||||
Northern Hungary | 11% | 10% | 11% | ||||
Northern Great Plain | 13% | 13% | 12% | ||||
Southern Great Plain | 12% | ||||||
Max. number of workplaces | 5.39 | ||||||
Occupation specific experience | 70% | – | |||||
Length of prev. unemployment | 1.5 | – | |||||
Manager | 7% | ||||||
White-collar work | 6% | 6% | 6% | 6% | 6% | ||
Other white-collar work | 16% | ||||||
Skilled blue-collar work | 43% | ||||||
Unskilled blue-collar work | 28% | ||||||
Relative wage level of firm | 0.907 | ||||||
Sector: Agriculture | 3% | 3% | |||||
Sector: Industry | 41% | ||||||
Sector: Trade and services | 56% | ||||||
Foreign firm | 18% | 19% | 19% | ||||
Domestic firm | 82% | 81% | 81% | ||||
Number of employees | 39.2 | 38.8 | 39.0 |
0.0382*** | 0.0202*** | 0.0173*** | 0.0008 | 0.0142*** | −0.0002 | 0.0031 | 0.0009 | |
0.0020*** | −0.0005 | 0.0012*** | 0.0013*** | 0.0013*** | 0.0009 | −0.0001 | 0.0004 | |
−0.0003 | −0.0001 | −0.0000 | −0.0001 | −0.0003 | 0.0001 | 0.0002 | −0.0002 | |
0.0013*** | 0.0000 | 0.0006* | 0.0007** | 0.0005* | 0.0005 | 0.0001 | 0.0003 | |
964,806 | 501,200 | 964,806 | 964,806 | 943,643 | 571,441 | 964,806 | 964,806 | |
616,386 | 197,435 | 616,386 | 616,386 | 616,365 | 223,021 | 616,386 | 616,386 | |
105,818 | 61,121 | 105,818 | 105,818 | 84,655 | 105,778 | 105,818 | 105,818 | |
0.345 | 0.860 | 0.203 | 0.232 | 0.453 | 0.628 | 0.069 | 0.059 |
−0.0415 | −0.0809 | 0.0168 | 0.0226 | 0.0372 | 0.0804** | −0.0204 | −0.0579** | |
0.1648*** | 0.0784 | 0.0157 | 0.0706** | 0.0015 | 0.0208 | 0.0142 | 0.0498* | |
0.0503** | 0.0081 | 0.0296* | 0.0126 | 0.0357** | 0.0150 | −0.0061 | −0.0024 | |
0.0275* | −0.0107 | 0.0343*** | 0.0039 | 0.0298*** | 0.0170 | 0.0044 | −0.0132 | |
−0.0097 | −0.0116 | 0.0158 | −0.0138 | 0.0178* | −0.0115 | −0.0020 | −0.0023 | |
964,807 | 501,200 | 964,807 | 964,807 | 943,643 | 571,443 | 964,807 | 964,807 | |
616,386 | 197,435 | 616,386 | 616,386 | 616,365 | 223,021 | 616,386 | 616,386 | |
105,818 | 61,121 | 105,818 | 105,818 | 84,655 | 105,778 | 105,818 | 105,818 | |
0.327 | 0.860 | 0.190 | 0.200 | 0.443 | 0.612 | 0.052 | 0.086 |