Accesso libero

Differing Responses in Growth and Spontaneous Mutation to Antibiotic Resistance in Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus epidermidis Cells Exposed to Simulated Microgravity

Patricia Fajardo-Cavazos
Patricia Fajardo-Cavazos
, 
Raed Narvel
Raed Narvel
 e 
Wayne L. Nicholson
Wayne L. Nicholson
   | 18 gen 2022
Gravitational and Space Research's Cover Image
INFORMAZIONI SU QUESTO ARTICOLO
Articolo precedente
Articolo Successivo
Cita
Article Category: Research Article
Pubblicato online: 18 gen 2022
Pagine: 34 - 45
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/gsr-2014-0011
© 2014 Patricia Fajardo-Cavazos et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Figure 1.

Time course of growth measured as viable counts of B. subtilis (A) and S. epidermidis (B) cells incubated in 10-mL HARVs either in simulated microgravity (vertical; filled circles) or 1 g (horizontal; open circles) orientation. Values are averages + standard deviations (n = 4).
Time course of growth measured as viable counts of B. subtilis (A) and S. epidermidis (B) cells incubated in 10-mL HARVs either in simulated microgravity (vertical; filled circles) or 1 g (horizontal; open circles) orientation. Values are averages + standard deviations (n = 4).

Figure 2.

Optical density (A) and total cell number (B) of horizontal (open bars) and vertical (filled bars) cultures of B. subtilis cells after 6 days of incubation. Data are depicted as averages and standard deviations (n = 4) of three separate trials. Above each pair of bars is displayed the P value derived from ANOVA. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Optical density (A) and total cell number (B) of horizontal (open bars) and vertical (filled bars) cultures of B. subtilis cells after 6 days of incubation. Data are depicted as averages and standard deviations (n = 4) of three separate trials. Above each pair of bars is displayed the P value derived from ANOVA. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Figure 3.

Optical density (A) and total cell number (B) of horizontal (open bars) and vertical (filled bars) cultures of S. epidermidis cells after 6 days of incubation. Data are depicted as averages and standard deviations (n = 4) of three (OD) or four (CFU) separate trials. Above each pair of bars is displayed the P value derived from ANOVA. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Optical density (A) and total cell number (B) of horizontal (open bars) and vertical (filled bars) cultures of S. epidermidis cells after 6 days of incubation. Data are depicted as averages and standard deviations (n = 4) of three (OD) or four (CFU) separate trials. Above each pair of bars is displayed the P value derived from ANOVA. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Figure 4.

Mutation frequency to RFMR by B. subtilis 168 (A) and S. epidermidis (B) after 6 days of clinorotation in either the horizontal (open bars) or vertical (filled bars) orientation. Data are depicted as averages and standard deviations (n = 4) of three (A) or four (B) separate trials. Above each pair of bars is displayed the P value derived from ANOVA. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Mutation frequency to RFMR by B. subtilis 168 (A) and S. epidermidis (B) after 6 days of clinorotation in either the horizontal (open bars) or vertical (filled bars) orientation. Data are depicted as averages and standard deviations (n = 4) of three (A) or four (B) separate trials. Above each pair of bars is displayed the P value derived from ANOVA. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Figure 5.

Frequency of simultaneous mutation to RFMR and TMPR in B. subtilis. Data are averages and standard deviations (n = 4) from 3 independent trials.
Frequency of simultaneous mutation to RFMR and TMPR in B. subtilis. Data are averages and standard deviations (n = 4) from 3 independent trials.

Figure 6.

Meta-analysis of B. subtilis data for OD (A), Viable counts (B), frequency of mutation to RFMR (C), and frequency of mutation to RFMR and TMPR (D). Relative weights, means, and 95% confidence intervals for each Trial are tabulated to the right and depicted graphically on the left. The red diamonds denote the overall means and 95% confidence intervals for the aggregate data.
Meta-analysis of B. subtilis data for OD (A), Viable counts (B), frequency of mutation to RFMR (C), and frequency of mutation to RFMR and TMPR (D). Relative weights, means, and 95% confidence intervals for each Trial are tabulated to the right and depicted graphically on the left. The red diamonds denote the overall means and 95% confidence intervals for the aggregate data.

Figure 7.

Meta-analysis of S. epidermidis data for OD (A), Viable counts (B), and frequency of mutation to RFMR (C). Relative weights, means, and 95% confidence intervals for each Trial are tabulated to the right and depicted graphically on the left. The red diamonds denote the overall means and 95% confidence intervals for the aggregate data.
Meta-analysis of S. epidermidis data for OD (A), Viable counts (B), and frequency of mutation to RFMR (C). Relative weights, means, and 95% confidence intervals for each Trial are tabulated to the right and depicted graphically on the left. The red diamonds denote the overall means and 95% confidence intervals for the aggregate data.
eISSN:
2332-7774
Lingua:
Inglese
Frequenza di pubblicazione:
2 volte all'anno
Argomenti della rivista:
Life Sciences, other, Materials Sciences, Physics
Feed RSS della rivista