Revision of the human’s occupations chronologies at the Senegalese and Mauritania sites by using marine reservoir ages corrections
, , e | 04 apr 2021
INFORMAZIONI SU QUESTO ARTICOLO
Article Category: Regular Articles
Pubblicato online: 04 apr 2021
Pagine: 16 - 30
Ricevuto: 19 mag 2020
Accettato: 08 feb 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/geochr-2021-0002
Parole chiave
© 2021 M. Ndeye., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.
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Calibration of marine samples collected at the Khant, with the atmospheric curve and the Marine curves (AR = 0 BP or AR = 176 ± 15 BP or AR = 27 ± 56 BP).
| Sample location | Sample code | Sample type | Age (BP) | Atmospheric calibrationa (BC/AD) | Marine calibrationb (BC/AD) ΔR = 0 BP | Marine calibrationc (BC/AD) AR = 176 ± 15 BP | Marine calibrationd (BC/AD) AR = 27 ± 56 BP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Khant-1 | DK-1 | Anadara senelis shell | 2448 ± 34 | lσ: [cal BE 551: cal BC 451], 0.49 | 1σ: [cal BC 192: cal BC 84], 1 | 1σ: [cal AD 23: cal AD 123], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 39: cal AD 175], 1 |
| 2σ: [cal BC 595: cal BC 410], 0.57 | 2σ: [cal BC 266: cal BC 29], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 36:cal AD 169], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 156: cal AD 265], 1 | ||||
| Khant4 | DK-4 | Anadara senelis shell | 2633 ± 29 | 1σ: [cal BC 815: cal BC 796], 1 | 1σ: [calBC 398: cal BC 341], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 200: cal BC91], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 279: cal BC 55], 1 |
| 2σ: [cal BC 838: cal BC 783], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 466: cal BC 296], 0.97 | 2σ: [cal BC 292: cal BC 42], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 372: cal AD 35], 1 | ||||
| Khant 5 | DK-5 | Anadara senelis shell | 2663 ±49 | 1σ: [cal BC 847: cal BC 797], 0.84 | 1σ: [cal BC473: cal BC 349], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 299: cal BC 132], 1 | 1σ[cal BC 334: cal BC 102], 1 |
| 2σ: [cal BC 916: cal BC 782], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 571: cal BC 246], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 344: cal BC 56], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 410: cal AD 38], 1 | ||||
| Khant 7 | DK-7 | Anadara senelis shell | 2912 ±39 | 1σ: [cal BC 1131: cal BC 1041], 0.74 | 1σ: [cal BC 792: cal BC 719], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 553: cal BC 398], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 633: cal BC 399], 1 |
| 2σ: [cal BC 1224: cal BC 996], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 821: cal BC 609], 0.99 | 2σ: [cal BC 664: cal BC 379], 0.98 | 2σ: [cal BC 756: cal BC 332], 1 | ||||
| Khant (Terrasse) | DK-69 | Anadara senelis shell | 4225±110 | 1σ: [cal BC 2922: cal BC 2624], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 2501: cal BC 2202], 0.98 | 1σ: [cal BC 2282: cal BC 1968], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 2323: cal BC 1960], 1 |
| 2σ: [cal BC 3098: cal BC 2485], 0.99 | 2σ: [cal BC 2672: cal BC 2035], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 2453: cal BC 1846], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 2487: cal BC 1774], 1 | ||||
| Khant (Dunes) | DK-60 | Anadara senelis shell | 4352±123 | 1σ: [cal BC 3119: cal BC 2878], 0.76 | 1σ: [cal BC 2740: cal BC 2387], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 2466: cal BC 2129], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 2501: cal BC 2113], 1 |
| 2σ: [cal BC 3362: cal BC 2833], 0.89 | 2σ: [cal BC 2865: cal BC 2214], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 2634: cal BC 1943], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 2698: cal BC 1916], 1 | ||||
| Khant (Terrasse) | DK-X | Anadara senelis shell | 5040 ± 125 | 1σ [cal BC 4267: cal BC 3942], 0.87 | 1σ: [cal BC 3608: cal BC 3323], 1 | 1σ: cal BC 3358: cal BC 3022], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 3362: cal BC 2996], 1 |
| 2σ: [cal BC 4375: cal BC 3694], 0.98 | 2σ: [cal BC 3696: cal BC 3081], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 3509: cal BC 2888], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 3538: cal BC 2840], 1 | ||||
| Khant (Terrasse) | DK-39 | Anadara senelis shell | 5248 ± 177 | 1σ: [cal BC 4268: cal BC 4046], 0.87 | 1σ: [cal BC 3889: cal BC 3490], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 3685: cal BC 3264], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 3646: cal BC 3191], 1 |
| 2σ: [cal BC 4406: cal BC 3946], 0.98 | 2σ: [cal BC 4086: cal BC 3252], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 3881: cal BC 3002], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 3853: cal BC 2936], 1 | ||||
| Khant (Terrasse) | Ly-988 | Anadarasenelis shell | 5340 ± 120 | 1σ: [cal BC 4268: cal BC 4046], 0.87 | 1σ: [cal BE 3893: cal BC 3642], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 3697: cal BC 3438], 0.97 | 1σ: [cal BC 3680: cal BC 3366], 1 |
| 2σ: [cal BC 4464: cal BC 3975], 0.99 | 2σ: [cal BC 4020: cal BC 3507], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 3863: cal BC 3317], 0.99 | 2σ: [cal BC 3884: cal BC 3200], 1 | ||||
| Khant (Dunes) | Ly-990 | Anadara senelis shell | 5415 ± 120 | 1σ: [cal BC 4356: cal BC 4221], 0.57 | 1σ: [cal BC 3955: cal BC 3699], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 3782: cal BC 3512], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 3784: cal BC 3461], 1 |
| 1σ: [cal BC 4464: cal BC 3975], 0.99 | 2σ: [cal BC 4143: cal BC 3607], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 3918: cal BC 3375], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 3945: cal BC 3318], 1 | ||||
| Khant (Dunes) | DK-191 | Anadara senelis shell | 5650 ± 140 | 1σ: [cal BC 4618: cal BC 4352], 0.94 | 1σ: [cal BC 4253: cal BC 3954], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 4044: cal BC 3720], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 4037: cal BC 3680], 1 |
| 2σ: [cal BC 4836: cal BC 4232], 0.99 | 2σ: [cal BC 4387: cal BC 3773], 1 0 | 2σ: [cal BC 4230: cal BC 3624], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 4230: cal BC 3529], 1 |
Calibration of marine samples collected at Tintan with the atmospheric curve, and the Marine curves (ΔR = 0 BP or ΔR = 71 ± 13 BP or ΔR = -75 ± 42 BP).
| Sample location | Sample code | Sample type | Age (BP) | Atmospheric calibrationa (BC/AD) | Marine calibrationb (BC/AD), ΔR = 0 BP | Marine calibrationc (BC/AD) ΔR = 71 ± 13 BP | Marine calibrationd (BC/AD) ΔR = -75 ± 42 BP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tintan | Ly-460 | Arca Senilis | 3530 ± 130 | 1σ: [cal BC 2029: cal BC 1691], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 1624: cal BC 1302], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 1539: cal BC 1212], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 1387: cal BC 1038], 1 |
| 2σ: [cal BC 2205: cal BC 1528], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 1799: cal BC 1125], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 1695: cal BC 1025], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 1528: cal BC 850], 1 | ||||
| Tintan | FC-1 | Cymbium 3455 | 3570 ± 160 | 1σ: [cal BC 2138: cal BC 1735], 0.96 | 1σ: [cal BC 1719: cal BC 1318], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 1626: cal BC 1225], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 1457: cal BC 1042], 1 |
| 2σ: [cal BC 2348: cal BC 1511], 0.99 | 2σ: [cal BC 1924: cal BC 1105] 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 1841: cal BC 1015], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 1653: cal BC 834], 1 | ||||
| Tintan | FC-2 | ArcaSenilis 3780 | 3695 ±80 | 1σ: [cal BC 2154: cal BC 1973], 0.84 | 1σ: [cal BC 2154: cal BC 1973], 0.84 | 1σ: [cal BC 1676: cal BC 1477], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 1523: cal BC 1289], 1 |
| 2σ: [cal BC 2341: cal BC 1882], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 2341: cal BC 1882], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 1786: cal BC 1387], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 1656: cal BC 1170], 1 | ||||
| Tintan | FC-3 | Area Senilis313 | 3805 ±80 | 1σ: [cal BC 2349: cal BC 2136], 0.8 | 1σ: [cal BC 1900: cal BC 1689], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 1826: cal BC 1608], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 1660: cal BC 1425], 1 |
| 2σ: [cal BC 2470: cal BC 2030], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 2019: cal BC 1597], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 1920: cal BC 1501], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 1793: cal BC 1303], 1 | ||||
| Tintan | FC-4 | Arca Senilis | 3850 ± 100 | 1σ: [cal BC 2466: cal BC 2199], 0.98 | 1σ: [cal BC 1997: cal BC 1727], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 1894: cal BC 1635], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 1736: cal BC 1455], 1 |
| 1σ: [cal BC 2574: cal BC 2028], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 2135: cal BC 1602], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 2028: cal BC 1503], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 1890: cal BC 1324], 1 | ||||
| Tintan | Gif-485 | Oysters | 3930 ± 80 | 1σ: [cal BC 2494: cal BC 2296], 0.89 | 1σ: [cal BC 2095: cal BC 1868], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 1974: cal BC 1749], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 1823: cal BC 1566], 1 |
| Péheur | 2σ: [cal BC 2630: cal BC 2196], 0.98 | 2σ: [cal BC 2190: cal BC 1739], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 2106: cal BC 1658], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 1943: cal BC 1454], 1 | |||
| Tintan | FC-5 | ArcaSenilis mound L | 3960 ± 100 | 1σ: [cal BC 2583: cal BC 2292], 0.98 | 1σ: [cal BC 2146: cal BC 1871], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 2038: cal BC 1757], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 1884: cal BC 1590], 1 |
| 2σ: [cal BC 2706: cal BC 2196], 0.92 | 2σ: [cal BC 2291: cal BC 1729], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 2189: cal BC 1643], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 2026: cal BC 1449], 1 | ||||
| Tintan | FC-6 | ArcaSenilis490 FF | 3970 ± 200 | 1σ: [cal BC 2699: cal BC 2204], 0.89 | 1σ: [cal BC 2287: cal BC 1749], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 2192: cal BC 1662], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 2016: cal BC 1492], 1 |
| 2σ: [cal BC 2941: cal BC 1901], 0.99 | 2σ: [cal BC 2554: cal BC 1512], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 2460: cal BC 1434], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 2301: cal BC 1246], 1 | ||||
| Tintan | Ly-503 | Cymbium | 4270 ± 100 | 1σ: [cal BC 3023: cal BC 2848], 0.62 | 1σ: [cal BC 2565: cal BC 2284], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 2466: cal BC 2191], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 1457: cal BC 1042], 1 |
| 2σ: [cal BC 3116: cal BC 2575], 0.96 | 2σ: [cal BC 2730: cal BC 2137], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 2600: cal BC 2032], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 1653: cal BC 834], 1 | ||||
| Tintan | FC-7 | Mound 0512 | 4445 ±160 | 1σ: [cal BC 3198: cal BC 2925], 0.66 | 1σ: [cal BC 2867: cal BC 2466], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 2828: cal BC 2397], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 2592: cal BC 2140], 1 |
| 2σ: [cal BC 3530: cal BC 2840], 0.93 | 2σ: [cal BC 3078: cal BC 2207], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 2977: cal BC 2124], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 2832: cal BC 1946], 1 | ||||
| Tintan | FC-8 | ArcaSenilis mound 0 | 4570 ± 140 | 1σ: [cal BC 3384: cal BC 3091], 0.75 | 1σ: [cal BC 3002: cal BC 2617], 1 | [cal BC 2897: cal BC 2544], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 2747: cal BC 2345], 1 |
| 2σ: [cal BC 3538: cal BC 2924], 0.93 | 2σ: [cal BC 3246: cal BC 2464], 1 | [cal BC 3103: cal BC 2331], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 2902: cal BC 2137], 1 | ||||
| Tintan | FC-9 | ArcaSenilis mound | 4600 ± 200 | 1σ: [cal BC 3534: cal BC 3089], 0.88 | la: [cal BC 3121: cal BC 2568], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 3018: cal BC 2480], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 2855: cal BC 2322], 1 |
| 2σ: [cal BC 3796: cal BC 2866], 0.99 | 2σ: [cal BC 3376: cal BC 2315], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 3329: cal BC 2252], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 3103: cal BC 2015], 1 | ||||
| Tintan | FC-10 | ArcaSenilis mound 0 | 4860 ± 160 | 1σ: [cal BC 3800: cal BC 3499], 0.85 | la: [cal BC 3121: cal BC 2568], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 3315: cal BC 2914], 1 | la: [cal BC 3129: cal BC 2673], 1 |
| 1σ: [cal BC 3996: cal BC 3327], 0.98 | 2σ: [cal BC 3376: cal BC 2315], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 3518: cal BC 2692], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 3338: cal BC 2482], 1 | ||||
| Tintan | FC-11 | Cymbium377 B | 5020 ± 160 | 1σ: [cal BC 3970: cal BC 3651], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 3624: cal BC 3243], 0.98 | 1σ: [cal BC 3511: cal BC 3096], 1 | 1σ: [cal BE 3317: cal BC 2907], 1 |
| 2σ:cal BC 4181: cal BC 3514], 0.97 | 2σ: [cal BC 3748: cal BC 2963], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 3646: cal BC 2896], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 3515: cal BC 2686], 1 | ||||
| Tintan | FC-12 | ArcaSenilis266 E | 5320 ± 150 | 1σ: [cal BC 4270: cal BC 4033], 0.79 | 1σ: [cal BC 3927: cal BC 3609], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 3839: cal BC 3498], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 3648: cal BC 3288], 1 |
| 2σ: [cal BC 4452: cal BC 3893], 0.95 | 2σ: [cal BC 4050: cal BC 3371], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 3984: cal BC 3331], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 3819: cal BC 3045], 1 | ||||
| Tintan | FC-13 | ArcaSenilis central | 5520 ± 100 | 1σ: [cal BE 4462: cal BC 4311], 0.82 | 1σ: [cal BC 4058: cal BC 3802], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 3976: cal BC 3750], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 3803: cal BC 3541], 1 |
| point | 2σ: [cal BC 4559: cal BC 4220], 0.91 | 2σ: [cal BC 4213: cal BC 3724], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 4106: cal BC 3641], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 3947: cal BC 3429], 1 | |||
| Tintan | FC-14 | ArcaSenilis 377 A | 5670 ± 300 | 1σ: [cal BE 4857: cal BC 4230], 0.94 | 1σ: [cal BC 4433: cal BC 3782], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 4343: cal BC 3700], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 4187: cal BC 3522], 1 |
| 2σ: [cal BC 5229: cal BC 3937], 0.98 | 2σ: [cal BC 4802: cal BC 3473], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 4694: cal BC 3365], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 4500: cal BC 3136], 1 | ||||
| Tintan | Ly-553 | Shells TAPES, 717 | 6020 ± 150 | 1σ: [cal BC 5074: cal BC 4724], 0.93 | 1σ: [cal BC 4658: cal BC 4338], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 4588: cal BC 4261], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 4384: cal BC 4034], 1 |
| Pécheur | 2σ: [cal BC 5301: cal BC 4581], 0.99 | 2σ: [cal BC 4845: cal BC 4173], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 4756: cal BC 4068], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 4581: cal BC 3865], 1 |
Calibration of marine samples collected at the Chami site with the atmospheric curve, and the Marine curves (ΔR = 0 BP or ΔR = 71 ± 13 BP or ΔR = -75 ± 42 BP).
| Sample location | Sample code | Sample type | Age (BP) | Atmospheric calibrationa (BC/AD) | Marine calibrationb (BC/AD) ΔR = 0 BP | Marine calibrationc (BC/AD) ΔR = 71±13 BP | Marine calibrationd (BC/AD) ΔR = -75±42 BP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chami | Gif-2164 | Cymbium T1 | 2360 ± 100 | 1σ: [cal BC 559: cal BC 358], 0.71 | 1σ: [cal BC 163: cal AD 84], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 85: cal AD 168], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 98:cal AD 206], 1 |
| 2σ: [cal BC 773: cal BC 342], 0.86 | 2σ: [cal BC 325: cal AD 190], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 202: cal AD 315], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 267: cal AD 350], 1 | ||||
| Chami | Gif-2487 | Cymbium, 8 | 3220± 110 | 1σ: [cal BC 1632: cal BC 1391], 0.96 | 1σ: [cal BC 1220: cal BC 931], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 1122: cal BC 846], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 1159: cal BC 843], 1 |
| 2σ: [cal BC 1753: cal BC 1215], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 1363: cal BC 824], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 1279: cal BC 769], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 1348: cal BC 740], 1 | ||||
| Chami-Tafarit | Gif 2524 | Chells | 3410 ± 110 | 1σ: [cal BC 1881: cal BC 1611], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 1461: cal BC 1186], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 1387: cal BC 1101], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 1405: cal BC 1085], 1 |
| 2σ: [cal BC 1977: cal BC 1491], 0.989 | 2σ: [cal BC 1594: cal BC 1029], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 1494: cal BC 935], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 1538: cal BC 906], 1 | ||||
| hami | Gif-2488 | Cymbium, 15 a | 3450 ± 110 | 1σ: [cal BC 1897: cal BC 1627], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 1501: cal BC 1228], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 1425: cal BC 1144], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 1444: cal BC 1126], 1 |
| 2σ: [cal BC 2036: cal BC 1500], 0.99 | 2σ: [cal BC 1640: cal BC 1077], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 1553: cal BC 985], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 1604: cal BC 959], 1 | ||||
| Chami-Tafarit | Ly-346 | Arca Senilis313 | 3570 ± 120 | 1σ: [cal BC 2042: cal BC 1748], 0.93 | 1σ: [cal BC 1667: cal BC 1378], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 1586: cal BC 1287], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 1608: cal BC 1267], 1 |
| 2σ: [cal BC 2213: cal BC 1618], 0.98 | 2σ: [cal BC 1831: cal BC 1218], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 1731: cal BC 1114], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 1785: cal BC 1081], 1 | ||||
| Chami-Tafarit | Gif-1856 | Chells, 15 a | 3950 ± 80 | 1σ: [cal BC 2503: cal BC 2338], 0.72 | 1σ: [cal BC 2110: cal BC 1888], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 2008: cal BC 1778], 1 | 1σ: [cal BC 2045: cal BC 1760], 1 |
| 2σ: [cal BC 2673: cal BC 2200], 0.99 | 2σ: [cal BC 2216: cal BC 1756], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 2126: cal BC 1679], 1 | 2σ: [cal BC 2194: cal BC 1630], 1 |