Peer pressure and academic stress among junior high school students: a cross-sectional study†
, , , e | 26 giu 2024
INFORMAZIONI SU QUESTO ARTICOLO
Article Category: Original article
Pubblicato online: 26 giu 2024
Pagine: 191 - 199
Ricevuto: 21 gen 2024
Accettato: 23 mar 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/fon-2024-0020
Parole chiave
© 2024 Rika Sarfika et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Descriptive statistics of the study variables in each class (M ± SD).
| Variables | 7th year-class ( |
8th year-class ( |
9th year-class ( |
Total ( |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 52.80 (10.30) | 55.49 (9.27) | 56.12 (9.61) | 54.65 (9.79) | 0.001 |
|
| Pressure from study | 11.70 (3.37) | 12.50 (3.54) | 11.72 (3.38) | 11.94 (3.44) | 0.059 |
| Workload | 8.68 (2.79) | 9.89 (2.45) | 9.33 (2.71) | 9.26 (2.70) | <0.001 |
| Worry about grades | 11.48 (2.81) | 11.88 (2.41) | 12.49 (2.45) | 11.94 (2.59) | 0.001 |
| Self-expectation stress | 10.68 (2.93) | 11.09 (2.49) | 11.69 (2.70) | 11.14 (2.71) | 0.006 |
| Study despondency | 10.09 (2.78) | 10.12 (2.26) | 10.89 (2.92) | 10.31 (2.52) | 0.048 |
| 96.02 (11.37) | 95.77 (10.44) | 96.89 (11.00) | 95.90 (10.42) | 0.675 | |
| Yielding to peer pressure | 28.34 (5.32) | 27.86 (6.72) | 28.20 (6.12) | 28.06 (5.72) | 0.403 |
| Resistance to peer pressure | 46.72 (6.43) | 46.80 (6.59) | 47.38 (6.83) | 46.82 (6.45) | 0.993 |
| Peers encouragement | 20.95 (5.36) | 21.10 (3.41) | 21.30 (3.80) | 21.02 (3.67) | 0.234 |
Correlations between perceived peer pressure and academic stress.
| Variables | 1 | 1a | 1b | 1c | 1d | 1e | 2 | 2a | 2b | 2c |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 | |||||||||
| 1a | 0.71 |
1 | ||||||||
| 1b | 0.69 |
0.51 |
1 | |||||||
| 1c | 0.58 |
0.14 |
0.20 |
1 | ||||||
| 1d | 0.71 |
0.29 |
0.31 |
0.38 |
1 | |||||
| 1e | 0.76 |
0.40 |
0.39 |
0.40 |
0.51 |
1 | ||||
| 2 | 0.14 |
0.20 |
0.03 | 0.03 | 0.11 |
0.11 |
1 | |||
| 2a | 0.17 |
0.25 |
0.17 |
−0.11 |
0.06 | 0.17 |
0.62 |
1 | ||
| 2b | 0.01 | 0.02 | −0.14 |
0.10 |
0.06 | −0.01 | 0.71 |
−0.01 | 1 | |
| 2c | 0.14 |
0.13 |
0.07 | 0.08 | 0.10 |
0.06 | 0.63 |
0.21 |
0.27 |
1 |
Standardized coefficients (β) in multiple linear regressions for academic stress scores (N = 525).
| Independent variables | Pressure from study | Workload | Worry about grades | Self-expectation stress | Despondency | Academic stress |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | −0.014 | −0.002 | 0.070 | 0.086 | 0.081 | 0.063 |
| Age (years) | 0.033 | −0.072 | −0.032 | −0.098 | −0.042 | −0.054 |
| Class year | −0.014 | 0.156 |
0.150 |
0.174 |
0.110 |
0.160 |
| School origin | −0.090 |
−0.145 |
−0.075 | −0.012 | −0.054 | −0.107 |
| Family configuration | 0.025 | 0.04 | 0.005 | 0.056 | 0.095 |
0.059 |
| Living status | 0.043 | 0.096 |
−0.024 | −0.029 | 0.005 | 0.027 |
| Mother education | 0.017 | 0.033 | −0.081 | 0.040 | −0.026 | −0.013 |
| Father education | 0.025 | 0.100 | 0.155 |
0.052 | 0.064 | 0.103 |
| Mother occupation | −0.009 | 0.003 | −0.022 | −0.009 | −0.086 | −0.034 |
| Father occupation | −0.009 | 0.010 | −0.021 | −0.042 | −0.032 | −0.028 |
| Family income | −0.002 | 0.026 | 0.093 | 0.019 | −0.042 | 0.025 |
| Yielding to peer pressure | 0.237 |
0.183 |
−0.094 |
0.075 | 0.179 |
0.176 |
| Resistance to peer pressure | −0.003 | −0.183 |
0.063 | 0.033 | −0.015 | −0.035 |
| Peers encouragement | 0.086 | 0.085 | 0.098* | 0.086 | 0.026 | 0.117 |
Characteristic of participant (n = 525).
| Variable | F | % |
|---|---|---|
| Male | 255 | 48.6 |
| Female | 270 | 51.4 |
| 11–13 (Early adolescents) | 268 | 51.0 |
| 14–16 (Middle adolescents) | 257 | 49.0 |
| 7th | 194 | 36.6 |
| 8th | 151 | 28.8 |
| 9th | 182 | 34.3 |
| PJHS 5 Padang | 87 | 16.6 |
| PJHS 18 Padang | 88 | 16.8 |
| PJHS 1 Padang | 92 | 17.5 |
| PJHS 33 Padang | 90 | 17.1 |
| PJHS 41 Padang | 77 | 14.7 |
| PJHS 23 Padang | 91 | 17.3 |
| Nuclear family | 470 | 89.5 |
| Reconstructed family | 36 | 6.9 |
| Single parent | 19 | 3.6 |
| Living with parents | 500 | 95.2 |
| Living with other families | 19 | 3.6 |
| Living alone | 6 | 1.2 |
| Illiterate | 6 | 1.1 |
| Primary school | 28 | 5.3 |
| Junior high school | 70 | 13.3 |
| Senior high school | 278 | 53.0 |
| College | 143 | 27.2 |
| Illiterate | 12 | 2.3 |
| Primary school | 55 | 10.5 |
| Junior high school | 83 | 15.8 |
| Senior high school | 261 | 49.7 |
| College | 114 | 21.7 |
| Civil servant | 57 | 10.9 |
| Private employees | 23 | 4.4 |
| Others | 93 | 17.7 |
| Unemployment | 352 | 67.0 |
| Civil servant | 64 | 12.2 |
| Private employees | 68 | 13.0 |
| Others | 376 | 71.6 |
| Unemployment | 17 | 3.2 |