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Moderating effect of psychological resilience on the perceived social support and loneliness in the left-behind elderly in rural areas†

Yue Liu
Yue Liu
, 
Lin Huang
Lin Huang
, 
Qin Liu
Qin Liu
, 
Gui-Zhen Qian
Gui-Zhen Qian
, 
Huan Zou
Huan Zou
 e 
Shan Zhang
Shan Zhang
   | 30 dic 2021
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Article Category: Original article
Pubblicato online: 30 dic 2021
Pagine: 357 - 363
Ricevuto: 08 mag 2021
Accettato: 07 giu 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/fon-2021-0035
Parole chiave
© 2021 Yue Liu et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 1

The moderating effect model of psychological resilience on perceived social support and loneliness (standardization). Note: xz is the product of addition and then normalization of the dimensions of social support and resilience.
The moderating effect model of psychological resilience on perceived social support and loneliness (standardization). Note: xz is the product of addition and then normalization of the dimensions of social support and resilience.

Figure 2

The moderating effect of psychological resilience on the perceived social support and loneliness among the left-behind elderly in rural areas. UCLA, University of California at Los Angeles Loneliness Scale.
The moderating effect of psychological resilience on the perceived social support and loneliness among the left-behind elderly in rural areas. UCLA, University of California at Los Angeles Loneliness Scale.

Comparison of UCLA scores for the left-behind elderly in rural areas (n = 260).

Variable Cases Loneliness scores Mean rank Z/χ2 value
Age (years) 6.643*
  60–69 115 52 (46, 57) 124.38
  70–79 81 52 (47, 56) 122.62
  ≥80 64 55 (50, 60) 151.47
Gender −1.133
  Female 134 52 (48, 57.25) 135.62
  Male 126 52 (48, 56.5) 125.06
Marital status 8.140*
  Married 160 52 (46, 56.75) 120.00
  Widowed 76 54 (51, 60) 147.74
  Unmarried 24 54 (49.25, 57) 145.92
Living status 10.289**
  With the spouse 140 51 (46, 56) 116.73
  Alone 74 54 (50, 60.50) 148.2
  With others 46 54 (49, 57.25) 143.93
Education 4.589
  Illiteracy or primary school 165 53 (48, 58) 135.09
  Junior high school 49 54 (48, 58.5) 135.23
  Senior high school 46 52 (44.75, 53) 108.98
Recreational activities −3.752**
  Yes 128 52 (44.5, 55.75) 112.75
  No 132 54 (49, 60) 147.71
Children's migrant work years 4.383
  ≥5 years 204 52 (47, 57) 126.06
  3–5 years 35 54 (49, 60) 154.73
  1–3 years 21 53 (49.5, 60) 133.26
Children's contact frequency 7.253*
  Never 48 54 (49.25, 62) 155.21
  1–2 times per week 120 52 (48, 47) 129.15
  3–5 times per week 92 52 (46, 55) 119.37
Attitudes toward their children's migrant work 4.586
  Support 212 52 (48, 57) 127.62
  It does not matter 40 54 (49, 57) 134.95
  Against 8 57 (54, 60) 184.50

Correlation between perceived social support, psychological resilience, and loneliness among the left-behind elderly in rural areas (R-value).

Perceived social support Psychological resilience Loneliness
Perceived social support 1.000
Psychological resilience 0.190* 1.000
Loneliness −0.542* −0.348* 1.000
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