Characteristic | Study group ( | Control group ( | Significant test | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mode of delivery (cesarean birth rates) | ||||||
Spontaneous vaginal delivery | 63 | 84.0 | 59 | 78.7 | 0.703 | 0.402 |
Lower segment cesarean section (LSCS) | 12 | 16.0 | 16 | 21.3 | ||
Use of oxytocin augmentation | ||||||
No | 19 | 25.3 | 13 | 17.3 | 1.430 | 0.232 |
Yes | 56 | 74.7 | 62 | 82.7 | ||
Duration of labor stages | ||||||
First stage (h) | 11.88 ± 2.50 | 12.74 ± 1.86 | 2.387 | 0.018 | ||
Second stage (min) | 62.40 ± 8.08 | 65.47 ± 12.65 | 1.727 | 0.086 | ||
Third stage (min) | 11.53 ± 2.32 | 11.77 ± 3.61 | 0.478 | 0.633 |
Items | Study group | Control group | Significant test | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% | % | |||||
≤20 | 8 | 10.7 | 6 | 8.0 | ||
21–34 | 60 | 80.0 | 67 | 89.3 | 3.347 | 0.164 |
≥35 | 7 | 9.3 | 2 | 2.7 | ||
Read and write | 17 | 22.7 | 8 | 10.7 | 4.684 | 0.096 |
Secondary | 44 | 58.7 | 46 | 61.3 | ||
University | 14 | 18.7 | 21 | 28.0 | ||
Working | 18 | 24.0 | 21 | 28.0 | 0.312 | 0.577 |
House wife | 57 | 76.0 | 54 | 72.0 | ||
Rural | 60 | 80.0 | 54 | 72.0 | 1.316a | 0.251 |
Urban | 15 | 20.0 | 21 | 28.0 | ||
25.62 ± 2.59 | 26.38 ± 2.30 | 0.448 | 0.655 | |||
38.37 ± 0.67 | 38.68 ± 0.98 | 0.097 | 0.923 |
Characteristic | Study group ( | Control group ( | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Baby birth weight (kg) | 2.96 ± 0.34 | 2.92 ± 0.28 | 0.773 | 0.441 |
Baby head circumference (cm) | 33.54 ± 1.45 | 33.52 ± 1.48 | 0.108 | 0.914 |
Apgar's score at 1 min | 6.92 ± 1.36 | 7.20 ± 1.20 | 0.912 | 0.363 |
Apgar's score at 5 min | 8.98 ± 1.19 | 9.28 ± 1.51 | 1.189 | 0.236 |
Group | Baseline | At first hour | At second hour | At third hour | At forth hour | At fifth hour | At sixth hour | At seventh hour | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1-Duration of uterine contractions (s) | ||||||||||
Study ( | 25.40 ± 5.15 | 31.80 ± 3.99 | 35.80 ± 3.45 | 41.60 ± 2.81 | 45.80 ± 7.49 | 52.20 ± 5.77 | 59.40 ± 5.07 | 64.60 ± 4.95 | 27.872 | 1.686 |
Control ( | 24.60 ± 5.49 | 30.20 ± 5.77 | 34.40 ± 3.02 | 39.00 ± 6.14 | 45.60 ± 3.69 | 51.40 ± 5.89 | 53.80 ± 3.99 | 62.40 ± 5.64 | ||
0. 919 (0.360) | 1.972 (0.051) | 2.641 (0.009) | 3.333 (0.001) | 0.218 (0.827) | 0.840 (0.403) | 7.505 (0.001) | 2.536 (0.012) | 0.000 | 0.196 | |
2-Interval of uterine contractions (min) | ||||||||||
Study ( | 4.70 ± 0.75 | 4.01 ± 0.71 | 3.71 ± 0.51 | 3.40 ± 0.37 | 3.02 ± 0.31 | 2.90 ± 0.20 | 2.50 ± 0.31 | 2.03 ± 0.55 | 18.506 | 27.160 |
Control ( | 4.82 ± 0.60 | 4.42 ± 0.58 | 4.32 ± 0.59 | 3.91 ± 0.48 | 3.31 ± 0.42 | 3.02 ± 0.41 | 2.96 ± 0.37 | 2.10 ± 0.49 | ||
1.074 (0.285) | 3.957 (0.000) | 7.413 (0.000) | 7.268 (0.000) | 5.061 (0.000) | 2.363 (0.019) | 7.171 (0.000) | 1.148 (0.253) | 0.000 | 0.000 | |
3-frequency of uterine contractions/10 min | ||||||||||
Study ( | 2.40 ± 0.43 | 2.60 ± 0.42 | 2.80 ± 0.40 | 2.82 ± 0.42 | 2.85 ± 0.46 | 3.00 ± 0.63 | 3.40 ± 0.49 | 4.20 ± 0.75 | 2.085 | 8.667 |
Control ( | 2.37 ± 0.0.48 | 2.40 ± 0.49 | 2.58 ± 0.47 | 2.60 ± 0.57 | 2.63 ± 0.61 | 2.94 ± 0.65 | 3.17 ± 0.41 | 3.93 ± 0.68 | ||
0.333 (0.739) | 2.483 (0.014) | 2.893 (0.004) | 3.065 (0.003) | 3.058 (0.003) | 0.490 (0.614) | 3.054 (0.003) | 2.269 (0.025) | 0.043 | 0.004 | |
4-Cervical dilatation (cm) | ||||||||||
Study ( | 3.40 ± 0.54 | 3.20 ± 0.40 | 4.12 ± 0.51 | 5.94 ± 0.67 | 6.81 ± 0.74 | 7.85 ± 0.84 | 8.94 ± 0.84 | 9.95 ± 0.21 | 12.480 | 0.146 |
Control ( | 3.45 ± 0.50 | 3.17 ± 0.38 | 4.01 ± 0.58 | 5.62 ± 0.95 | 6.62 ± 0.95 | 7.62 ± 0.94 | 8.62 ± 0.95 | 9.78 ± 0.47 | ||
0.657 (0.512) | 0.417 (0.678) | 1.186 (0.238) | 2.368 (0.019) | 1.332 (0.185) | 1.536 (0.127) | 2.164 (0.032) | 2.467 (0.015) | 0.001 | 0.033 | |
5-Fetal head descent/fifth | ||||||||||
Study ( | 2.97 ± 0.67 | 2.41 ± 0.50 | 2.00 ± 0.63 | 1.40 ± 0.49 | 0.61 ± 0.44 | 0.37 ± 0.45 | 0.21 ± 0.40 | 0.14 ± 0.41 | 5.467 | 12.530 |
Control ( | 3.01 ± 0.70 | 2.45 ± 0.52 | 0.04 ± 0.66 | 1.46 ± 0.57 | 0.82 ± 0.70 | 0.53 ± 0.55 | 0.44 ± 0.54 | 0.35 ± 0.53 | ||
0.354 (0.724) | 0.479 (0.633) | 0.376 (0.708) | 0.657 (0.512) | 2.152 (0.033) | 1.880 (0.062) | 2.555 (0.012) | 2.077 (0.041) | 0.022 | 0.001 | |
6-Fetal heart rates B/M | ||||||||||
Study ( | 135.72 ± 8.64 | 136.44 ± 8.84 | 133.80 ± 7.74 | 130.92 ± 9.43 | 133.06 ± 7.57 | 133.77 ± 8.72 | 130.33 ± 8.88 | 128.46 ± 9.49 | 0.507 | 1.299 |
Control ( | 133.73 ± 8.38 | 134.81 ± 9.31 | 132.80 ± 8.31 | 131.08 ± 8.07 | 131.00 ± 0.10 | 131.98 ± 7.92 | 128.18 ± 9.32 | 129.37 ± 8.01 | ||
1.444 (0.151) | 1.097 (0.275) | 0.762 (0.447) | 0.112 (0.911) | 1.424 (0.157) | 0.776 (0.439) | 1479 (0.141) | 0.632 (0.528) | 0.478 | 0.256 | |
7-Pain scores (visual pain analogue scale) | ||||||||||
Study ( | 7.29 ± 0.61 | 7.70 ± 0.45 | 7.77 ± 0.42 | 8.21 ± 0.59 | 8.86 ± 0.34 | 9.30 ± 0.46 | 9.48 ± 1.25 | 9.61 ± 1.27 | 16.683 | 0.039 |
Control ( | 7.22 ± 0.53 | 7.76 ± 0.42 | 7.80 ± 0.40 | 8.25 ± 0.63 | 8.92 ± 0.39 | 9.33 ± 0.50 | 9.52 ± 0.54 | 9.53 ± 0.53 | ||
0.712 (0.478) | 0.735 (0.464) | 0.396 (0.693) | 0.395 (0.693) | 0.884 (0.378) | 0.348 (0.728) | 0.256 (0.798) | 0.514 (0.608) | 0.000 | 0.843 |
Neonates’ admission to NICU | Study group ( | Control group ( | Significant test | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes | 3 | 4.0 | 5 | 6.7 | 0.528 | 0.467 |
No | 72 | 96.0 | 70 | 93.3 |