Source | Airlines |
---|---|
Annual report | Finnair, LATAM, Qantas, SriLankan Airlines, China Eastern, Garuda Indonesia, Kenya Airways, KLM Royal Dutch Airlines, Vietnam Airlines, Aegean Airlines, Air Canada, Air China, Air India, Air New Zealand, ANA All Nippon Airways, EGYPTAIR, Ethiopian Airlines, EVA Air, Lufthansa, Singapore Airlines, South African Airways, TAP Air Portugal, Thai Airways International, Turkish Airlines, China Southern Airlines, Emirates Airline, Hawaiian Airlines, Oman Air, TUI Airways, Virgin Atlantic |
Corporate social responsibility report | American Airlines, Croatia Airlines |
Sustainability report | Cathay Pacific Airways, Korean Air, Asiana Airlines, Copa Airlines, TAP Air Portugal, Hainan Airlines, Delta Air Lines |
Integrated report | Air France, SAS Scandinavian Airlines |
Official web page | Japan Airlines, Alitalia, Middle East Airlines, Copa Airlines, Alaska Airlines, Emirates Airline |
Not open to the public | British Airways, Iberia, Malaysia Airlines, Royal Air Maroc, S7 Airlines, Fiji Airways, Aerolíneas Argentinas, Aeroméxico, Air Europa, Saudia, TAROM, Xiamen Air, Austrian Airlines, Avianca, Brussels Airlines, LOT Polish Airlines, Shenzhen Airlines, Swiss International Air Lines, United Airlines, Etihad Airways, Philippine Airlines, Sichuan Airlines |
Categorization | Number of data |
---|---|
Airlines belonging to global alliances | 38 |
oneworld | 7 |
SkyTeam | 12 |
Star Alliance | 19 |
Non-alliance airlines | 8 |
Total | 46 |
Alliance | Non-alliance | oneworld | SkyTeam | Star Alliance |
---|---|---|---|---|
8.625 | 9.5 | 7.44 | 8.66 | 9.157 |
Item | Mean | SD | SE | t-value | p-value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alliance | Non-alliance | Alliance | Non-alliance | Alliance | Non-alliance | |||
CR1 | 6.31 | 6.14 | 0.977 | 0.900 | 0.157 | 0.340 | 0.415 | 0.680 |
CR2 | 5.87 | 5.00 | 1.525 | 1.414 | 0.244 | 0.535 | 1.406 | 0.167 |
CR3 | 5.51 | 4.57 | 1.620 | 1.618 | 0.259 | 0.612 | 1.416 | 0.164 |
CR4 | 6.36 | 6.00 | 1.038 | 0.816 | 0.166 | 0.309 | 0.865 | 0.392 |
CR5 | 5.72 | 5.86 | 1.503 | 1.215 | 0.241 | 0.459 | −0.231 | 0.818 |
EF1 | 5.67 | 6.29 | 1.722 | 0.488 | 0.276 | 0.184 | −0.937 | 0.354 |
EF2 | 5.33 | 6.29 | 1.510 | 0.488 | 0.242 | 0.184 | −3.132 | 0.004 |
EF3 | 5.26 | 6.29 | 1.482 | 0.488 | 0.237 | 0.184 | −3.425 | 0.002 |
EF4 | 4.23 | 4.00 | 2.218 | 2.082 | 0.355 | 0.787 | 0.256 | 0.799 |
CO1 | 4.38 | 3.86 | 1.786 | 1.464 | 0.286 | 0.553 | 0.736 | 0.466 |
CO2 | 6.03 | 5.71 | 1.709 | 1.604 | 0.274 | 0.606 | 0.448 | 0.657 |
CO3 | 4.44 | 4.86 | 1.957 | 1.864 | 0.313 | 0.705 | −0.528 | 0.600 |
CO4 | 4.03 | 4.86 | 2.006 | 2.673 | 0.321 | 1.010 | −0.960 | 0.342 |
RE1 | 4.87 | 6.57 | 2.430 | 1.134 | 0.389 | 0.429 | −2.936 | 0.009 |
RE2 | 3.31 | 3.71 | 2.296 | 1.496 | 0.368 | 0.565 | −0.449 | 0.655 |
RE3 | 3.28 | 3.86 | 1.589 | 2.035 | 0.254 | 0.769 | −0.846 | 0.402 |
RE4 | 3.36 | 4.29 | 2.254 | 2.289 | 0.361 | 0.865 | −1.000 | 0.323 |
Item | Alliance | Mean | SD | SE | F/p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CR1 | oneworld | 6.57 | 0.535 | 0.202 | 0.576/0.567 |
SkyTeam | 6.42 | 1.443 | 0.417 | ||
Star Alliance | 6.15 | 0.745 | 0.167 | ||
CR2 | oneworld | 6.57 | 0.535 | 0.202 | 1.063/0.356 |
SkyTeam | 5.92 | 2.065 | 0.596 | ||
Star Alliance | 5.60 | 1.353 | 0.303 | ||
CR3 | oneworld | 6.14 | 0.690 | 0.261 | 0.795/0.459 |
SkyTeam | 5.58 | 2.353 | 0.679 | ||
Star Alliance | 5.25 | 1.293 | 0.289 | ||
CR4 | oneworld | 6.86 | 0.378 | 0.143 | 1.586/0.219 |
SkyTeam | 6.50 | 1.446 | 0.417 | ||
Star Alliance | 6.10 | 0.852 | 0.191 | ||
CR5 | oneworld | 5.71 | 1.799 | 0.680 | 0.011/0.989 |
SkyTeam | 5.67 | 2.015 | 0.582 | ||
Star Alliance | 5.75 | 1.070 | 0.239 | ||
EF1 | oneworld | 5.57 | 1.618 | 0.612 | 0.046/0.955 |
SkyTeam | 5.58 | 2.314 | 0.668 | ||
Star Alliance | 5.75 | 1.410 | 0.315 | ||
EF2 | oneworld | 5.86 | 1.345 | 0.508 | 0.703/0.502 |
SkyTeam | 5.00 | 1.954 | 0.564 | ||
Star Alliance | 5.35 | 1.268 | 0.284 | ||
EF3 | oneworld | 5.14 | 1.215 | 0.459 | 0.663/0.522 |
SkyTeam | 5.67 | 1.969 | 0.569 | ||
Star Alliance | 5.05 | 1.234 | 0.276 | ||
EF4 | oneworld | 5.14 | 1.864 | 0.705 | 0.155/0.857 |
SkyTeam | 3.83 | 2.038 | 0.588 | ||
Star Alliance | 4.45 | 1.572 | 0.352 | ||
CO1 | oneworld | 5.14 | 1.864 | 0.705 | 1.230/0.304 |
SkyTeam | 3.83 | 2.038 | 0.588 | ||
Star Alliance | 4.45 | 1.572 | 0.352 | ||
CO2 | oneworld | 6.14 | 1.215 | 0.459 | 1.964/0.155 |
SkyTeam | 5.25 | 2.454 | 0.708 | ||
Star Alliance | 6.45 | 1.146 | 0.256 | ||
CO3 | oneworld | 3.43 | 2.699 | 1.020 | 1.422/0.254 |
SkyTeam | 4.33 | 1.497 | 0.432 | ||
Star Alliance | 4.85 | 1.872 | 0.418 | ||
CO4 | oneworld | 4.29 | 2.563 | 0.969 | 0.098/0.907 |
SkyTeam | 4.08 | 2.466 | 0.712 | ||
Star Alliance | 3.90 | 1.553 | 0.347 | ||
RE1 | oneworld | 6.57 | 1.134 | 0.429 | 4.793/0.014 |
SkyTeam | 3.42 | 2.466 | 0.712 | ||
Star Alliance | 5.15 | 2.323 | 0.519 | ||
RE2 | Oneworld | 3.29 | 2.430 | 0.918 | 0.275/0.761 |
SkyTeam | 2.92 | 2.644 | 0.763 | ||
Star Alliance | 3.55 | 2.114 | 0.473 | ||
RE3 | oneworld | 3.86 | 1.215 | 0.459 | 2.483/0.098 |
SkyTeam | 3.83 | 1.899 | 0.548 | ||
Star Alliance | 2.75 | 1.372 | 0.307 | ||
RE4 | oneworld | 2.71 | 2.360 | 0.892 | 0.992/0.381 |
SkyTeam | 2.92 | 2.151 | 0.621 | ||
Star Alliance | 3.85 | 2.277 | 0.509 |
Topics | Definition and description |
---|---|
Customer ( |
The concern for customers. It includes the following words: customer, demand, experience, loyalty, need, passenger |
External environment ( |
The concern for external factors to affect airlines’ performance. It includes the following words: challenge, crisis, risk, trade |
Governance ( |
The concern for leadership and control by the CEO. It includes the following words: control, director, management |
Infrastructure ( |
The concern for airlines’ infrastructure, technology investment. It includes the following words: aircraft, fleet, investment, seat, technology |
Market ( |
The concern for airlines’ target markets. |
Product ( |
The concern for airlines’ product mix. It includes the following words: service, operation, route, network, brand, cargo, operating, product, quality, program, destination, resource, opportunity, city, programme |
Performance ( |
The concern for airlines’ performance and growth, survival. It includes the following words: achievement, advantage, asset, benefit, capital, cash, capacity, cost, development, economy, efficiency, expansion, fuel, growth, increase, interest, loss, performance, profit, result, revenue, sale, success, traffic |
Stakeholders ( |
The concern for airlines’ stakeholders. |
Strategy ( |
The concern for airlines’ strategic plans and mission, vision, goal, operating philosophy. It includes the following words: culture, goal, history, objective, plan, policy, position, priority, safety, strategy, target, value |
Social responsibility ( |
The concern for social issues including the environment, ethics, contribution to the community. It includes the following words: carbon, community, environment, emission, reduction, responsibility, society, sustainability |
Topics | Alliance | Non-alliance | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Frequency | Percentage | Rank | Frequency | Percentage | Rank | |
Customer | 40 | 100 | 1 | 8 | 100 | 1 |
External environment | 30 | 75 | 6 | 7 | 87.5 | 2 |
Governance | 25 | 62.5 | 7 | 5 | 62.5 | 3 |
Infrastructure | 34 | 85 | 5 | 8 | 100 | 1 |
Market | 39 | 97.5 | 2 | 8 | 100 | 1 |
Performance | 34 | 85 | 5 | 8 | 100 | 1 |
Product | 39 | 97.5 | 2 | 8 | 100 | 1 |
Social responsibility | 37 | 92.5 | 3 | 8 | 100 | 1 |
Stakeholder | 34 | 85 | 5 | 8 | 100 | 1 |
Strategy | 36 | 90 | 4 | 8 | 100 | 1 |
Topics | oneworld | SkyTeam | Star Alliance | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Frequency | Percentage | Rank | Frequency | Percentage | Rank | Frequency | Percentage | Rank | |
Customer | 10 | 100 | 1 | 12 | 100 | 1 | 18 | 94.7 | 2 |
External environment | 5 | 50 | 4 | 8 | 66.6 | 4 | 16 | 84.2 | 4 |
Governance | 1 | 10 | 5 | 8 | 66.6 | 4 | 13 | 68.4 | 5 |
Infrastructure | 7 | 70 | 3 | 10 | 83.3 | 3 | 17 | 89.4 | 3 |
Market | 8 | 80 | 2 | 11 | 91.6 | 2 | 18 | 94.7 | 2 |
Performance | 7 | 70 | 3 | 12 | 100 | 1 | 19 | 100 | 1 |
Product | 8 | 80 | 2 | 10 | 83.3 | 3 | 19 | 100 | 1 |
Social responsibility | 8 | 80 | 2 | 10 | 83.3 | 3 | 17 | 89.4 | 3 |
Stakeholder | 7 | 70 | 3 | 12 | 100 | 1 | 17 | 89.4 | 3 |
Strategy | 7 | 70 | 3 | 11 | 91.6 | 2 | 19 | 100 | 1 |
The image of the CEO as a sincere and accurate interpreter of corporate events:
CR1: The information conveyed by top-management is reliable CR2: The strategic direction of top-management is focused CR3: The strategic direction of top-management is realistic CR4: The information conveyed by top-management is sincere CR5: The information conveyed by top-management is accurate The image of the CEO as a controlling force in organizational and environmental events.
EF1: The actions of top-management have impacted the outcomes of the organization. EF2: Top-management understands the variables that affect the organization. EF3: Top-management is in control of organizational activities. EF4: Top-management is responsive to changing competitive conditions. The image of the CEO as a good steward to current and potential customers.
CO1: Top-management appreciates customers. CO2: Top-management is committed to meeting customers’ needs. CO3: Top-management is actively generating new business. CO4: Top-management is building cooperative relationships with business partners. The image of the CEO as a “good citizen” in business relationships.
RE1: Top-management is concerned about emerging social and environmental issues. RE2: Top-management fosters values and ethical standards for employees of the organization. RE3: Top-management endeavors to create mutual benefit among business partners. RE4: Top-management is concerned about employee well-being. |