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Apocrine carcinoma of the breast: Review

Chieh Yang

Chieh Yang

University of California, Riverside, School of Medicine, Internal MedicineUSA
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Yang, Chieh
, 
Irene Wang

Irene Wang

University of California Riverside, School of Medicine, Family MedicineUSA
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Wang, Irene
 e 
Yun Yen

Yun Yen

  • Taipei Medical UniversityTaiwan
  • Sino-American Cancer FoundationUSA
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Yen, Yun
  
15 set 2023
Apocrine carcinoma of the breast: Review's Cover Image
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Categoria dell'articolo: Review
Pubblicato online: 15 set 2023
Pagine: 52 - 61
Ricevuto: 07 giu 2023
Accettato: 31 lug 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/fco-2023-0007
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© 2023 Chieh Yang et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Figure 1:

Classification of apocrine lesions in the breast.
Classification of apocrine lesions in the breast.

Figure 2:

Illustration shows the relationship between apocrine carcinoma definitions.
Illustration shows the relationship between apocrine carcinoma definitions.

Figure 3:

The Cross-talk of AR and ErbB2 pathways In Naderi's study, the function of ERK1/2, testosterone, and Heregulin can be suppressed by both AR and ErbB2 pathways. Anti-ErB2 and anti-androgen therapy can inhibit the function of testosterone and ErbB2 and further cause the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, followed by negative regulation of cell growth. [52]
The Cross-talk of AR and ErbB2 pathways In Naderi's study, the function of ERK1/2, testosterone, and Heregulin can be suppressed by both AR and ErbB2 pathways. Anti-ErB2 and anti-androgen therapy can inhibit the function of testosterone and ErbB2 and further cause the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, followed by negative regulation of cell growth. [52]

Treatment recommendation from the literature review_

CLASSIFICATION INTERVENTION
ATYPICAL APOCRINE LESIONS (AA) No intervention +− Core needle biopsy
APOCRINE DCIS (ADCIS) Mastectomy or conservative surgery +/− adjuvant radiation therapy
APOCRINE CARCINOMA Neoadjuvant chemotherapy + surgery +/− radiation therapy + anti-androgen therapy (if AR+) + anti-HER2 antibodies (if HER2+) +/− PI3 kinase inhibition and CDK4/6 inhibitors (if biomarkers detected)

Immunohistology characteristics of ADCIS and pure apocrine carcinoma_

IMMUNOHISTOLOGY MARKERS PURE APOCRINE CARCINOMA ADCIS INVOLVING PATHWAY
ER, PR (−), AR (+) 100% strictly match to AR (+,) ER(−), PR (−) criteria >90% AR pathway
HER-2 1/3 positive, 2/3 negative 47.1% HER2 signaling pathway
GCDFP-15 75% 96.4% AR pathway
AMACR > 90% > 90% Oxidative degradation pathways
ER-A36 94.7% 94.7% (classified with pure apocrine carcinoma) MAPK/ERK signaling pathway EGFR/Src/ERK signaling pathway
PIK3CA >80% 100% PI3K/mTOR pathway
P53 46–50% 61.8% PI3K/mTOR/p53 pathway
PD-L1 10–40% N/A PD-1/PD-L1 pathway
AR-V7 57% N/A AR pathway
Lingua:
Inglese
Frequenza di pubblicazione:
2 volte all'anno
Argomenti della rivista:
Medicina, Medicina clinica, Medicina interna, Ematologia, Oncologia
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