Formerly: Beiträge zur Tabakforschung International

Contributions to Tobacco & Nicotine Research

Contributions to Tob. Res.

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Summary</title>Various informations can be derived from the investigation on the measurement of filter efficiency which was carried out in cooperation of ten laboratories. 1.Weight of smoke condensates (wet and dry) and smoke alkaloids in mg per cigarette a)Within each of the laboratories the dispersion of results can best be described by the coefficient of variation "within" the laboratories (standard deviation divided by mean, expressed as a percentage). For the results obtained by using the CORESTA-standards the averages of this coefficient were as follows: condensate wet: 2.6 %; condensate dry: 2.3 %; alkaloids: 2.7 %. In six laboratories a simplified method (without selection of cigarettes by weight and draw resistance) was used. Five of these laboratories obtained a wider dispersion of results while in the sixth the weights of total condensate were found to differ less from the mean. The CORESTA-standards are to be preferred for finer comparisons, while the simplified method can be accepted for routine estimation. b)From the mean values obtained by the different laboratories for the same type of cigarette (comparable as to filter and tobacco) a coefficient of variation "between" laboratories can be calculated. For the measurements carried out according to CORESTA-standards, the averages of this coefficient were as follows: condensate wet: 8.3 %; condensate dry: 6.6 %; alkaloids: 11.0 %. Approximately 30 % to 50 % of this dispersion between the laboratories can be explained by systematic deviations in details of the analytical procedures. These characteristic deviations are to be observed rather constantly in most of the measurements carried out on different types of cigarettes (differing by filter and tobacco). 2.Filter Efficiency a)For measurements according to CORESTA-standards the coefficient of variation "within" the laboratories showed the following averages: condensate wet: 9.6 %; condensate dry: 6.7 %; alkaloids: 11.5 %. If the simplified method was applied in five of the laboratories this coefficient was found to be higher, while in the sixth of these laboratories no difference was observed. b)The coefficient of variation "between" the laboratories (CORESTA-standards) had the following mean values: condensate wet: 15.0 %; condensate dry: 15.9 %; alkaloids: 17.5 %. Even if due allowance is made for the known systematic deviations between the laboratories this dispersion cannot be reduced. 3.Comparison of two types of tobacco Total condensates (wet and dry) and total smoke alkaloids per cigarette are found to be higher if tobacco 1 is used. This difference between the two tobaccos is shown in the plain cigarettes as well as in those with filter A or filter B. The average findings (10 laboratories, CORESTA-standards) were as follows: tobacco 1 - condensate wet: 41.1; condensate dry: 36.4; alkaloids: 2.64; tobacco 2 - condensate wet: 39.9; condensate dry: 34.4; alkaloids: 2.00. 4.Comparison of the two filters Filter B is much more efficient than filter A as measured by the yields of condensates (wet and dry) and of alkaloids. The filter efficiency is practically not influenced by the use of the different tobaccos 1 or 2. The mean efficiency of the two filters (mean from tobaccos 1 and 2) is given below (CORESTA-method): filter A - condensate wet: 0.170; condensate dry: 0.187; alkaloids: 0.189; filter B - condensate wet: 0.338; condensate dry: 0.364; alkaloids: 0.347. The filter efficiencies do not differ much, regardless whether they are measured by yield of wet or dry condensates or by yield of smoke alkaloids. With regard to draw resistance the two filters differ in the same sense but the difference is much smaller; filter A = 0.291; filter B = 0.350. With each of the two filters tobacco 1 increases the draw resistance more than does tobacco 2. 5.Factors influencing the variability of results The statistical analysis of the results obtained by one of the laboratories has shown that the yield of condensates and alkaloids per cigarette can vary considerably and systematically from one channel of the smoking machine to the other. Average amounts of smoke constituents should therefore only be calculated if all of the channels have received the same share of the cigarettes tested. The estimation of filter efficiency was practically not influenced by the factor ''channel'' of the smoking machine. It would be interesting to investigate whether the systematic divergencies of results which have been found between the laboratories can be attributed to detectable deviations in details of the analytical procedures. </abstract>

Summary

Service d'Exploitation Industrielle des Tabacs et des Allumettes (SEITA), Paris, France

<article-title>Comparative Investigation on the Measurement of Filter Efficiency: Results of an International Collaborative Investigation Carried out by the Coresta Smoke Technology Group / Vergleichsuntersuchung zur Ermittlung der Wirkung von Cigarettenfiltern: Ergebnisse einer Internationalen Ringuntersuchung durch die Arbeitsgruppe „Rauchanalytik“ der CORESTA</article-title>

Comparative Investigation on the Measurement of Filter Efficiency: Results of an International Collaborative Investigation Carried out by the Coresta Smoke Technology Group / Vergleichsuntersuchung zur Ermittlung der Wirkung von Cigarettenfiltern: Ergebnisse einer Internationalen Ringuntersuchung durch die Arbeitsgruppe „Rauchanalytik“ der CORESTA

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Contributions to Tobacco and Nicotine Research ist in den folgenden Services indiziert: <UL> <LI>Baidu Scholar </LI> <LI>CABI (over 50 subsections) </LI> <LI>Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) - CAplus </LI> <LI>Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) - SciFinder </LI> <LI>CNKI Scholar (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) </LI> <LI>CNPIEC - cnpLINKer </LI> <LI>Dimensions </LI> <LI>DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Journals) </LI> <LI>EBSCO </LI> <LI>Elsevier - Reaxys </LI> <LI>ExLibris </LI> <LI>Google Scholar </LI> <LI>Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) </LI> <LI>J-Gate </LI> <LI>JournalGuide </LI> <LI>KESLI-NDSL (Korean National Discovery for Science Leaders) </LI> <LI>MyScienceWork </LI> <LI>Naver Academic </LI> <LI>Naviga (Softweco) </LI> <LI>QOAM (Quality Open Access Market) </LI> <LI>ReadCube </LI> <LI>SCILIT </LI> <LI>SCImago (SJR) </LI> <LI>SCOPUS </LI> <LI>Semantic Scholar </LI> <LI>TDNet </LI> <LI>Ulrich's Periodicals Directory/ulrichsweb </LI> <LI>WanFang Data </LI> <LI>Web of Science - Biological Abstracts </LI> <LI>Web of Science - BIOSIS Previews </LI> <LI>WorldCat (OCLC) </LI> <LI>X-MOL </LI></UL>

Advisory Board　　　 Bernhard Eitzinger, delfortgroup AG, Traun, Austria Ernest Groman, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria Daniel Heck, HeckTox LLC, Greensboro, NC, USA Anne Fisher, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA Xie Jianping, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, China Hubert Klus, St. Pölten, Austria John H. Lauterbach, Lauterbach &amp; Associates LLC, Macon, GA, USA Ramsey Lewis, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA Chuan Liu, Southampton, UK Tryggve Ljung, Swedish Match, Stockholm, Sweden Michael W. Ogden, Ogden Ology, LLC, Lewisville, NC, USA Thilo Paschke, Geneva, Switzerland Stephen W. Purkis, Bristol, UK Elmar Richter †, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany Wolfram Roeper, Hamburg, Germany Wolfgang Trinkies, Bayreuth, Germany Andreas Zemann, Leopold-Franzens-University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria Editors Wolf-Dieter Heller Gerhard Scherer Editorial Office Barbara Boenke Brigitte Müller Anja Thielen Contact <A href="mailto:editors@beitraege-bti.de">editors@beitraege-bti.de</A> Publisher De Gruyter Poland Bogumiła Zuga 32A Str. 01-811 Warsaw, Poland T: +48 22 701 50 15

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Please submit your manuscripts to Contributions to Tobacco and Nicotine Research via Editorial Manager system to: <A href="http://www.editorialmanager.com/btfi">www.editorialmanager.com/btfi</A> Open Access Statement The journal is an Open Access journal that allows a free unlimited access to all its contents without any restrictions upon publication to all users. Copyright Policy All publications are licensed under a <A href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License</A> (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0). Authors who publish with this journal retain all copyrights and agree to the terms of the above-mentioned CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license. Article Processing Changes To publish in CTNR, authors are not required to pay an Article Processing Charge

Contributions to Tobacco and Nicotine Research (formerly: Beiträge zur Tabakforschung International / Contribution to Tobacco Research International) publishes articles with a focus on tobacco, nicotine, and related consumer products. In addition, all aspects of research on the tobacco plant as well as on product technology and manufacturing are relevant for the Journal. Products of interest comprise (i) combustible tobacco products (cigarettes, cigars, pipes, etc.), (ii) smokeless tobacco (SLT) products (snuff, snus, chewing tobacco, etc.), (iii) tobacco heating products (THP), (iv) electronic cigarettes (e-cigs, w/o nicotine), (v) oral nicotine delivery (OND) products. All scientific investigations on product-related properties (including physical, chemical, biological, and toxicological properties) as well as on the influence on consumers’ behavior and response (including acute and long-term product use patterns and biomarker profiles) are considered for publication. Submissions can be of the following types: original investigations, reviews, short reports commentaries, letters to the editor. Fields covered by the Journal <UL> <LI>Research into the tobacco plant </LI> <UL> <LI>Tobacco plant </LI> <LI>Metabolism </LI> <LI>Cultivation </LI> <LI>Pesticides Biotechnology (Plant pathology, Mycology, Microbiology) </LI> </UL></UL> <UL> <LI>Manufacture of tobacco products </LI> <UL> <LI>Processing of tobacco </LI> <LI>Flavor </LI> <LI>Manufacture of cigarettes and other products </LI> <LI>Tobacco and environment </LI> <LI>Chemical engineering including physical chemistry </LI> </UL></UL> <UL> <LI>Analysis and properties of tobacco smoke </LI> <UL> <LI>Physical properties </LI> <LI>Chemical properties </LI> <LI>Combustion studies </LI> <LI>Mainstream/sidestream smoke </LI> <LI>Filter studies </LI> <LI>Special substances </LI> <LI>Analytical methods </LI> <LI>Machine smoking </LI> </UL></UL> <UL> <LI>Tobacco products other than cigarettes </LI> <UL> <LI>Cigars / cigarillos </LI> <LI>Pipe tobacco </LI> <LI>Smokeless tobacco (SLT) products (snuff, snus, chewing tobacco) </LI></UL> <LI>New products </LI> <UL> <LI>Tobacco heating products (THP) </LI> <LI>Electronic cigarettes (e-cigs, w/o nicotine) </LI> <LI>Oral nicotine devices (OND, e.g., nicotine pouches) </LI> </UL></UL> <UL> <LI>Human smoking behavior </LI> <UL> <LI>Biomonitoring </LI> <LI>Consumer behavior </LI></UL></UL> Open Access Statement The journal is an Open Access journal that allows a free unlimited access to all its contents without any restrictions upon publication to all users. Archiving Sciendo archives the contents of this journal in <A href="https://www.portico.org/">Portico</A> - digital long-term preservation service of scholarly books, journals and collections. Plagiarism Policy The editorial board is participating in a growing community of <A href="https://www.crossref.org/services/similarity-check/">Similarity Check System's</A> users in order to ensure that the content published is original and trustworthy. Similarity Check is a medium that allows for comprehensive manuscripts screening, aimed to eliminate plagiarism and provide a high standard and quality peer-review process.

Contributions to Tobacco & Nicotine Research

Service d'Exploitation Industrielle des Tabacs et des Allumettes (Seita), Paris, France
Service d'Exploitation Industrielle des Tabacs et des Allumettes (Seita), Paris, France

Pubblicato online: 28 May 2014

Volume & Edizione: Volume 2 (1963) - Edizione 1 (March 1963)

Pagine: 1 - 35

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Contributions to Tobacco & Nicotine Research

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Articoli recenti

Contributions to Tobacco & Nicotine Research

Service d'Exploitation Industrielle des Tabacs et des Allumettes (Seita), Paris, FranceService d'Exploitation Industrielle des Tabacs et des Allumettes (Seita), Paris, France

Pubblicato online: 28 May 2014

Volume & Edizione: Volume 2 (1963) - Edizione 1 (March 1963)

Pagine: 1 - 35

Dettagli rivista e numero

Contributions to Tobacco & Nicotine Research

Anteprima PDF

Articoli recenti

Service d'Exploitation Industrielle des Tabacs et des Allumettes (Seita), Paris, France
Service d'Exploitation Industrielle des Tabacs et des Allumettes (Seita), Paris, France