Impact of Cattle Manure on Chemical Properties and Maize (Zea Mays L.) Performance in the Guinea Savannah Zone of Ghana

Inorganic fertilizers play a crucial role in enhancing crop growth and productivity. However, their excessive use can lead to adverse effects, including soil structure degradation and increased soil acidity. This study aimed to investigate the impact of varying cattle manure dosages on the growth and yield of maize (Zea Mays L) and the chemical properties of soil through a field trial conducted in Lahagu, Tamale Metropolis, Ghana. A completely randomized block design was used with four cattle manure treatments (0, 2, 4, and 6 t/ha), each replicated three times. The application of cattle manure greatly enhanced the growth and yield qualities of maize due to the constant supply of nutrients. The control plot exhibited significantly lower means, while the maize receiving 6 t/ha showed the highest means across all the assessed growth and yield parameters. The findings from this study revealed improved soil chemical parameter including soil pH, organic carbon, calcium and magnesium following the application of cattle manure. It is recommended that resource-limited farmers apply 6 t/ha of cattle manure as an alternative to chemical fertilizers, as it notably improves the vegetative growth and yield of maize. This practice also reduces the environmental pollution from cattle manure disposal and increases the overall productivity. Since the trial was limited to a single season and location, further research across multiple sites and seasons is necessary for conclusive recommendations. The study provides valuable insights for smallholder farmers on the use of cattle manure as an organic soil amendment, promoting its adoption to enhance crop yield sustainably.