<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<p>Epigenetics studies the inherited changes in a phenotype or in expression of genes caused by other mechanisms, without changing the nucleotide sequence of DNA. The most distinguished epigenetic tools are: modifications of histones, enzymatic DNA methylation, and gene silencing mediated by small RNAs (miRNA, siRNA). The resulting m5C residues in DNA substantially affect the cooperation of proteins with DNA. It is organized by hormones and aging-related alterations, one of the mechanisms controlling sex and cellular differentiation. DNA methylation regulates all genetic functions: repair, recombination, DNA replication, as well as transcription. Distortions in DNA methylation and other epigenetic signals lead to diabetes, premature aging, mental dysfunctions, and cancer.</p>
</abstract>

Epigenetics studies the inherited changes in a phenotype or in expression of genes caused by other mechanisms, without changing the nucleotide sequence of DNA. The most distinguished epigenetic tools are: modifications of histones, enzymatic DNA methylation, and gene silencing mediated by small RNAs (miRNA, siRNA). The resulting m5C residues in DNA substantially affect the cooperation of proteins with DNA. It is organized by hormones and aging-related alterations, one of the mechanisms controlling sex and cellular differentiation. DNA methylation regulates all genetic functions: repair, recombination, DNA replication, as well as transcription. Distortions in DNA methylation and other epigenetic signals lead to diabetes, premature aging, mental dysfunctions, and cancer.

Epigenetics is Promising Direction in Modern Science

Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University

Chemistry-Didactics-Ecology-Metrology

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

{"article-title":"Epigenetics is Promising Direction in Modern Science"}

Epigenetics studies the inherited changes in a phenotype or in expression of genes caused by other mechanisms, without changing the nucleotide sequence of DNA....

Epigenetics is Promising Direction in Modern Science

Pubblicato online: 21 gen 2022

Pagine: 123 - 135

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/cdem-2021-0010

Parole chiave
epigenetics, 5-methylcytosine, DNA methylation, histones

© 2021 Tetiana Fartushok et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Epigenetics is Promising Direction in Modern Science

Pubblicato online: 21 gen 2022

Pagine: 123 - 135

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/cdem-2021-0010

Parole chiaveepigenetics, 5-methylcytosine, DNA methylation, histones

© 2021 Tetiana Fartushok et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Parole chiave
epigenetics, 5-methylcytosine, DNA methylation, histones