This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.
Balmford, A., Green, R.E. and M. Jenkins (2003): Measuring the changing state of nature. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 18, 326–330.BalmfordA.GreenR.E.JenkinsM.2003Measuring the changing state of nature1832633010.1016/S0169-5347(03)00067-3Search in Google Scholar
Butchart, S.H.M., Walpole, M., Collen, B., van Strien, A., Scharlemann, J.P.W., Almond, R.E.A., Baillie, J.E.M., Bomhard, B., Brown, C., Bruno, J., Carpenter, K.E., Carr, G.M., Chanson, J., Chenery, A.M., Csirke, J., Davidson, N.C., Dentener, F., Foster, M., Galli, A., Galloway, J.N., Genovesi, P., Gregory, R.D., Hockings, M., Kapos, V., Lamarque, J.-F., Leverington, F., Loh, J., McGeoch, M.A., McRae, L., Minasyan, A., Hernández Morcillo, M., Oldfield, T.E.E., Pauly, D., Quader, S., Revenga, C., Sauer, J.R., Skolnik, B., Spear, D., Stanwell-Smith, D., Stuart, S.N., Symes, A., Tierney, M., Tyrrell, T.D., Vié, J.-C. and R. Watson (2010): Global biodiversity: Indicators of recent declines. Science 328, 1164–1168.ButchartS.H.M.WalpoleM.CollenB.van StrienA.ScharlemannJ.P.W.AlmondR.E.A.BaillieJ.E.M.BomhardB.BrownC.BrunoJ.CarpenterK.E.CarrG.M.ChansonJ.CheneryA.M.CsirkeJ.DavidsonN.C.DentenerF.FosterM.GalliA.GallowayJ.N.GenovesiP.GregoryR.D.HockingsM.KaposV.LamarqueJ.-F.LeveringtonF.LohJ.McGeochM.A.McRaeL.MinasyanA.Hernández MorcilloM.OldfieldT.E.E.PaulyD.QuaderS.RevengaC.SauerJ.R.SkolnikB.SpearD.Stanwell-SmithD.StuartS.N.SymesA.TierneyM.TyrrellT.D.ViéJ.-C.WatsonR.2010Global biodiversity: Indicators of recent declines32811641168.10.1126/science.1187512Search in Google Scholar
Buckland, S.T., Magurran, A.E., Green, R.E. and R.M. Fewster (2005): Monitoring change in biodiversity through composite indices. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 360, 243–254.BucklandS.T.MagurranA.E.GreenR.E.FewsterR.M.2005Monitoring change in biodiversity through composite indices36024325410.1098/rstb.2004.1589Search in Google Scholar
Collen, B., Loh, J., Whitmee, S., McRae, L., Amin, R. and J.E.M. Baillie (2008): Monitoring change in vertebrate abundance: the Living Planet Index. Conservation Biology 23, 317–327.CollenB.LohJ.WhitmeeS.McRaeL.AminR.BaillieJ.E.M.2008Monitoring change in vertebrate abundance: the Living Planet Index2331732710.1111/j.1523-1739.2008.01117.xSearch in Google Scholar
Collen, B., McRae, L., Deinet, S., De Palma, A., Carranza, T., Cooper, N., Loh, J. and J.E.M. Baillie (2011): Predicting how populations decline to extinction. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 366, 2577–2586.CollenB.McRaeL.DeinetS.De PalmaA.CarranzaT.CooperN.LohJ.BaillieJ.E.M.2011Predicting how populations decline to extinction3662577258610.1098/rstb.2011.0015Search in Google Scholar
Conference of the parties (2010): COP-10 Decision X/2. Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011 – 2020 and the Aichi Biodiversity Targets. In: Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity, Nagoya.Conference of the parties2010COP-10 Decision X/2. Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011 – 2020 and the Aichi Biodiversity TargetsIn:NagoyaSearch in Google Scholar
Dobson, A. (2005): Monitoring global rates of biodiversity change: challenges that arise in meeting the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) 2010 goals. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 360, 229–241.DobsonA.2005Monitoring global rates of biodiversity change: challenges that arise in meeting the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) 2010 goals36022924110.1098/rstb.2004.1603Search in Google Scholar
Essl, F. and W. Rabitsch (2004): Österreichischer Aktionsplan zu gebietsfremden Arten (Neobiota). Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft, Wien.EsslF.RabitschW.2004Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und WasserwirtschaftWienSearch in Google Scholar
EU European Council (2001): European Council Göteborg – Conclusions of the Presidency. Bulletin 18.06.2001, PE 305.844.EU European Council2001Bulletin 18.06.2001, PE 305.844.Search in Google Scholar
Fewster, R.M., Buckland, S.T., Siriwardena, G.M., Baillie, S.R. and J.D. Wilson (2000): Analyses of population trends for farmland birds using generalized additive models. Ecology 81, 1970–1984.FewsterR.M.BucklandS.T.SiriwardenaG.M.BaillieS.R.WilsonJ.D.2000Analyses of population trends for farmland birds using generalized additive models811970198410.1890/0012-9658(2000)081[1970:AOPTFF]2.0.CO;2Search in Google Scholar
Freeman, R., McRae, L., Deinet, S., Amin, R. and B. Collen (NA): rlpi: Tools for calculating indices using the Living Planet Index method. R package version 0.1.0. https://github.com/Zoological-Society-of-London/living_planet_index.FreemanR.McRaeL.DeinetS.AminR.CollenB.(NA)R package version 0.1.0. https://github.com/Zoological-Society-of-London/living_planet_index.Search in Google Scholar
Gepp, J. (1984): Rote Liste gefährdeter Tiere Österreichs. 2.Auflage. Bundesministerium für Gesundheit und Umweltschutz, Wien.GeppJ.19842.AuflageBundesministerium für Gesundheit und UmweltschutzWienSearch in Google Scholar
Habenicht, G. (2014): Bibermanagement Oberösterreich. Monitoringbericht 2014. Im Auftrag des Amts der OÖ. Landesregierung Direktion für Landesplanung, wirtschaftliche und ländliche Entwicklung, Abteilung Naturschutz.HabenichtG.2014Im Auftrag des Amts der OÖ. Landesregierung Direktion für Landesplanung, wirtschaftliche und ländliche Entwicklung, Abteilung NaturschutzSearch in Google Scholar
Legg, C.J. and L. Nagy (2006): Why most conservation monitoring is, but need not be, a waste of time. Journal of Environmental Management 78, 194–199.LeggC.J.NagyL.2006Why most conservation monitoring is, but need not be, a waste of time7819419910.1016/j.jenvman.2005.04.016Search in Google Scholar
Loh, J., Green, R.E., Ricketts, T., Lamoreux, J., Jenkins, M., Kapos, V. and J. Randers (2005): The Living Planet Index: using species population time series to track trends in biodiversity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 360, 289–295.LohJ.GreenR.E.RickettsT.LamoreuxJ.JenkinsM.KaposV.RandersJ.2005The Living Planet Index: using species population time series to track trends in biodiversity36028929510.1098/rstb.2004.1584Search in Google Scholar
Magurran, A.E., Baillie, S.R., Buckland, S.T., Dick, J., Elston, D.A., Marian Scott, E., Smith, R.I., Somerfield, P.J., and A.D. Watt (2010): Long-term datasets in biodiversity research and monitoring: assessing change in ecological communities through time. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 25, 574–582.MagurranA.E.BaillieS.R.BucklandS.T.DickJ.ElstonD.A.Marian ScottE.SmithR.I.SomerfieldP.J.WattA.D.2010Long-term datasets in biodiversity research and monitoring: assessing change in ecological communities through time2557458210.1016/j.tree.2010.06.016Search in Google Scholar
McRae, L., Deinet, S. and R. Freeman (2017): The diversity-weighted Living Planet Index: Controlling for taxonomic bias in a global biodiversity indicator. PLoS ONE 12, e0169156.McRaeL.DeinetS.FreemanR.2017The diversity-weighted Living Planet Index: Controlling for taxonomic bias in a global biodiversity indicator12e016915610.1371/journal.pone.0169156520771528045977Search in Google Scholar
McRae, L., Loh, J., Bubb, P.J., Baillie, J.E.M., Kapos, V. and B. Collen (2008): The Living Planet Index – guidance for national and regional use. UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge, UK.McRaeL.LohJ.BubbP.J.BaillieJ.E.M.KaposV.CollenB.2008UNEP-WCMCCambridge, UKSearch in Google Scholar
Overmars, K.P., Schulp, C.J.E., Alkemade, R., Verburg, P.H., Temme, A.J.A.M., Omtzigt, N. and J.H.J. Schaminée (2014): Developing a methodology for a species-based and spatially explicit indicator for biodiversity on agricultural land in the EU. Ecological Indicators 37, 186–198.OvermarsK.P.SchulpC.J.E.AlkemadeR.VerburgP.H.TemmeA.J.A.M.OmtzigtN.SchaminéeJ.H.J.2014Developing a methodology for a species-based and spatially explicit indicator for biodiversity on agricultural land in the EU3718619810.1016/j.ecolind.2012.11.006Search in Google Scholar
Pereira, H.M. and H.D. Cooper (2006): Towards the global monitoring of biodiversity change. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 21, 123–129.PereiraH.M.CooperH.D.2006Towards the global monitoring of biodiversity change2112312910.1016/j.tree.2005.10.01516701487Search in Google Scholar
R Core Team (2016): R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. https://www.R-project.org/.R Core Team2016R Foundation for Statistical ComputingVienna, Austriahttps://www.R-project.org/Search in Google Scholar
Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (2005): Handbook of the Convention on Biological Diversity including its Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety, 3rd edition, Montreal, Canada.Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity20053rd editionMontreal, CanadaSearch in Google Scholar
Sittenthaler, M., Haring, E. and R. Parz-Gollner (2016): Erhebung des Fischotterbestandes in ausgewählten Fließgewässern Niederösterreichs mittels nicht-invasiver genetischer Methoden. Endbericht. Institut für Wild-biologie und Jagdwirtschaft, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien.SittenthalerM.HaringE.Parz-GollnerR.2016Endbericht. Institut für Wild-biologie und Jagdwirtschaft, Universität für Bodenkultur WienSearch in Google Scholar
Ten Brink, B. (2005): A long-term biodiversity, ecosystem and awareness research network. indicators as communication tools: an evaluation towards composite indicators. Project no. GOCE-CT-2003-505298 ALTER-Net. WPR2-2006-D3b.Ten BrinkB.2005Project no. GOCE-CT-2003-505298 ALTER-Net. WPR2-2006-D3b.Search in Google Scholar
Ten Brink, B. (2007): Contribution to Beyond GDP “Virtual Indicator Expo”. Beyond GDP – International Conference 2007, Brussels.Ten BrinkB.2007Beyond GDP – International Conference2007BrusselsSearch in Google Scholar
Ter Braak, C.J.F., Van Strien, A.J., Meijer, R. and T.J. Verstrael (1994): Analysis of monitoring data with many missing values: which method? In: E.J.M. Hagemeijer and T.J. Verstrael (Eds.): Bird Numbers 1992. Distribution, monitoring and ecological aspects. Proceedings of the 12th International Conference of IBCC and EOAC, Noordwijkerhout, The Netherlands. Statistics Netherlands, Voorburg/Heerlen & SOVON, Beek-Ubbergen, pp. 663–673.Ter BraakC.J.F.Van StrienA.J.MeijerR.VerstraelT.J.1994Analysis of monitoring data with many missing values: which method?In:HagemeijerE.J.M.VerstraelT.J.(Eds.):Proceedings of the 12th International Conference of IBCC and EOAC, NoordwijkerhoutThe NetherlandsStatistics NetherlandsVoorburgHeerlen & SOVONBeek-Ubbergen663673Search in Google Scholar
Teufelbauer, N. (2015): Farmland Bird Index: Aktuelle Entwicklung und der Konnex zu Landschaftselementen. Online-Fachzeitschrift des Bundesministeriums für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft. Ländlicher Raum – Ausgabe 03.TeufelbauerN.2015Farmland Bird Index: Aktuelle Entwicklung und der Konnex zu LandschaftselementenLändlicher Raum – Ausgabe 03.Search in Google Scholar
Teufelbauer, N., Büchsenmeister, R., Berger, A., Seaman, B. and B. Regner (2014): Waldvogelindikator für Österreich (Woodland Bird Index) im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft, Zahl: BMLFUW-LE.1.3.7/0029-II/5/2012. Bundesforschungszentrum Wald & BirdLife Österreich, Wien.TeufelbauerN.BüchsenmeisterR.BergerA.SeamanB.RegnerB.2014Bundesforschungszentrum Wald & BirdLife ÖsterreichWienSearch in Google Scholar
Teufelbauer, N. and B. Seaman (2017): Farmland Bird Index 2016 – 2. Teilbericht des Projekts Farmland Bird Index für Österreich: Indikatorermittlung 2015 bis 2020. BirdLife Österreich im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft. Wien.TeufelbauerN.SeamanB.2017BirdLife Österreich im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und WasserwirtschaftWienSearch in Google Scholar
Vačkář, D., ten Brink, B., Loh, J., Baillie, J.E.M. and B. Reyers (2012): Review of multispecies indices for monitoring human impacts on biodiversity. Ecological Indicators 17, 58–67.VačkářD.ten BrinkB.LohJ.BaillieJ.E.M.ReyersB.2012Review of multispecies indices for monitoring human impacts on biodiversity17586710.1016/j.ecolind.2011.04.024Search in Google Scholar
Van der Sluis, T., Pedroli, B., Kristensen, S.B.P., Lavinia Cosorc, G. and E. Pavlis (2015): Changing land use intensity in Europe – Recent processes in selected case studies. Land Use Policy 57, 777–785.Van der SluisT.PedroliB.KristensenS.B.P.Lavinia CosorcG.PavlisE.2015Changing land use intensity in Europe – Recent processes in selected case studies5777778510.1016/j.landusepol.2014.12.005Search in Google Scholar
Van Strien, A.J., Soldaat, L.L. and R.D. Gregory (2012): Desirable mathematical properties of indicators for biodiversity change. Ecological Indicators 14, 202–208.Van StrienA.J.SoldaatL.L.GregoryR.D.2012Desirable mathematical properties of indicators for biodiversity change1420220810.1016/j.ecolind.2011.07.007Search in Google Scholar
WWF-Canada (2017): Living Planet Report Canada Technical Document. WWF-Canada, Toronto, Ontario.WWF-Canada2017WWF-CanadaToronto, OntarioSearch in Google Scholar
WWF (2010): Living Planet Report 2010. Biodiversity, biocapacity and development. WWF International, Gland, Switzerland.WWF2010WWF InternationalGland, SwitzerlandSearch in Google Scholar
WWF (2016): Living Planet Report 2016. Risk and resilience in a new era. WWF International, Gland, Switzerland.WWF2016WWF InternationalGland, SwitzerlandSearch in Google Scholar
WWF (2018): Living Planet Report 2018. Aiming Higher. WWF, Gland, Switzerland.WWF2018WWFGland, SwitzerlandSearch in Google Scholar