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Figure 1.
Representative frontal and lateral views, and a sketch map of the incisors’ occlusal relationship in experimental group rats. BAE, bilateral anterior elevation; BAC, bilateral anterior crossbite; CON, blank control; GIDO, gradually induced disordered occlusion; MDO, mandibular deviated occlusion.
Figure 2.
The timeline of the entire experiment.
Figure 3.
Morphology of the lacunae revealed by gross observation, micro-CT images, and toluidine blue (TB) and von Kossa (VK) staining. For Gross morphology, micro-CT images, TB and VK staining images, bars = 500 μm; for HE staining images, bars = 100 μm.
Figure 4.
Representative histochemistry, immune-histochemistry (IHC) staining of the condylar lacuna induced by occlusal disturbance. Lacunae were detected by SO staining and IHC staining for Col-II, Col-X, OSX. For SO and IHC staining, bars = 100 μm.
Figure 5.
Representative sections with condylar lacunae induced by occlusal disturbance, stained with Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and Safranin O (SO), immune-histochemistry (IHC) for FN and immunofluorescence (IF) for cleaved caspase-3 (CCP3) and CD90. The black frames in the SO staining images showed the selected lacunae regions for IF staining. For SO, TRAP and IHC staining, bars = 100 μm. For IF staining, bars = 100 μm.
Figure 6.
The diagrammatic sketch for normal growth of the condyle (A) and lacunae formation (B).