[ADR (2000). ADR-Recommendation 3.1 – Performance test for functional traits of bulls and cows (health, reproduction, lifetime, exterior, milkability). Accessed Apr. 11, 2017 www.adrweb.de/services/files/.../20160412%20ADR-Empfehlung%203.1.pdf]Search in Google Scholar
[Bazeley K.J., Barrett D.C., Williams P.D., Reyher K.K. (2016). Measuring the growth rate of UK dairy heifers to improve future productivity. Vet. J., 212: 9–14.10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.10.043]Search in Google Scholar
[De Rensis F., Scaramuzzi R.F. (2003). Heat stress and seasonal effects on reproduction in the dairy cow – a review. Theriogenology, 60: 1139–1151.10.1016/S0093-691X(03)00126-2]Search in Google Scholar
[DLG (2008). Heifer rearing – cornerstone for successful milk production. Studies of DLG. Vol. 203. DLG e.V., Frankfurt am Main, Germany.]Search in Google Scholar
[Do C., Wasana N., Cho K., Choi Y., Choi T., Park B., Lee D. (2013). The effect of age at first calving and calving interval on productive life and lifetime profit in Korean Holsteins. Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci., 26: 1511–1517.10.5713/ajas.2013.13105]Search in Google Scholar
[Froidmont E., Mayeres P., Picron P., Turlot A., Planchon V., Stilmant D. (2013). Association between age at first calving, year and season of first calving and milk production in Holstein cows. Animal, 7: 665–672.10.1017/S1751731112001577]Search in Google Scholar
[He Z., Sun Z., Lui S., Zhang Q., Tan Z. (2009). Effects of early malnutrition on mental system, metabolic syndrome, immunity and the gastrointestinal tract. J. Vet. Med. Sci., 71: 1143–1150.10.1292/jvms.71.1143]Search in Google Scholar
[Heinrichs A.J., Heinrichs B.S. (2011). A prospective study of calf factors affecting first-lactation and lifetime milk production and age of cows when removed from the herd. J. Dairy Sci., 94: 336–341.10.3168/jds.2010-3170]Search in Google Scholar
[Hornick J.L., Van Eenaeme C., Gérard O., Dufrasne I., Istasse L. (2000). Mechanisms of reduced and compensatory growth. Domest. Anim. Endocrin., 19: 121–132.10.1016/S0739-7240(00)00072-2]Search in Google Scholar
[Huber K. (2018). Invited review: resource allocation mismatch as pathway to disproportionate growth in farm animals – prerequisite for a disturbed health. Animal, 12: 528–536.10.1017/S1751731117002051]Search in Google Scholar
[Hultgren J., Svensson C., Pehrsson M. (2011). Rearing conditions and lifetime milk revenues in Swedish dairy cows. J. Liv. Sci., 137: 108–115.10.1016/j.livsci.2010.10.005]Search in Google Scholar
[Krpálková L., Cabrera V.E., Vacek M., Štípková M., Stádník L., Crump P. (2014). Effect of prebubertal and postpubertal growth and age at first calving on production and reproduction traits during the first 3 lactations in Holstein dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci., 97: 3017–3027.10.3168/jds.2013-7419]Search in Google Scholar
[Le Cozler Y., Lollivier V., Lacasse P., Disenhaus C. (2008). Rearing strategy and optimizing first-calving targets in dairy heifers: a review. Animal, 2: 1393–1404.10.1017/S1751731108002498]Search in Google Scholar
[Leonard N., Koch C., Romberg F.-J., Riede C., Stier C.-H. (2013). Das optimale Erstkalbealter – Praxisdaten aus Rheinland-Pfalz. (The optimal age at first calving – practical data from Rhineland-Palatinate). Accessed Jan. 24, 2017 http://www.dlr.rlp.de/internet/global/themen.nsf/747270cf8f15f0d1c1257abb0030380e/c929fa858d072aa4c1257b720041527a/$FILE/Erstkalbealter_Praxisdaten_RLP_2013.pdf]Search in Google Scholar
[Maccari P., Wiedemann S., Kunz H.-J., Piechotta M., Sanftleben P., Kaske M. (2015). Effects of two different rearing protocols for Holstein bull calves in the first 3 weeks of life on health status, metabolism and subsequent performance. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr., 99: 737–746.10.1111/jpn.12241]Search in Google Scholar
[Macdonald K.A., Penno J.W., Bryant A.M., Roche J.R. (2005). Effect of feeding level pre-and post puberty and body weight at first calving on growth, milk production, and fertility in grazing dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci., 88: 3363–3375.10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)73020-4]Search in Google Scholar
[Meyer M.J., Capuco A.V., Ross D.A., Lintault L.M., Van Amburg M.E. (2006 a). Developmental and nutritional regulation of the prepubertal heifer mammary gland: I. Parenchyma and fat pad mass and composition. J. Dairy Sci., 89: 4289–4297.10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(06)72475-4]Search in Google Scholar
[Meyer M.J., Capuco A.V., Ross D.A., Lintault L.M., Van Amburg M.E. (2006 b). Developmental and nutritional regulation of the prepubertal heifer mammary gland: II. Epithelia cell proliferation, parenchymal accretion rate, and allometric growth. J. Dairy Sci., 89: 4298–4304.10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(06)72476-6]Search in Google Scholar
[Moallem U., Werner D., Lehrer H., Zachut M., Livshitz L., Yakoby S., Shamay A. (2010). Long-term effects of ad libitum whole milk prior to weaning and prepubertal protein supplementation on skeletal growth rate and first-lactation milk production. J. Dairy Sci., 93: 2639–2650.10.3168/jds.2009-3007]Search in Google Scholar
[Monteiro A.P.A., Tao S., Thompson I.M.T., Dahl G.E. (2016). In utero heat stress decreases calf survival and performance through the first lactation. J. Dairy Sci., 99: 8443–8450.10.3168/jds.2016-11072]Search in Google Scholar
[Mourits M.C.M., Galligan D.T., Dijkhuizen A.A., Huirne R.B.M. (2000). Optimization of dairy heifer management decisions based on production conditions of Pennsylvania. J. Dairy Sci., 83: 1989–1997.10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(00)75076-4]Search in Google Scholar
[Müller U., Mlaouh A., Sharifi A.R., Staufenbiel R., Hasselmann L., Tripmacher R., Brockmann G.A. (2007). The influence of energy content during the rearing period on physiological markers and milk yield: A study at monozygotic twins. Züchtungskunde, 79: 231–242.]Search in Google Scholar
[Nardone A., Lacetera N., Bernabucci U., Ronchi B. (1997). Composition of colostrum from dairy heifers exposed to high air temperatures during late pregnancy and the early postpartum period. J. Dairy Sci., 80: 838–844.10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(97)76005-3]Search in Google Scholar
[Rutherford K. (2014). How stress during pregnancy affects the offspring. 7th Boehringer Ingelheim Expert Forum on Farm Animal Well-Being, June 13th 2014, Madrid (Spain), pp. 9–11.]Search in Google Scholar
[Sejrsen K., Purup S., Vestergaard M., Foldager J. (2000). High body weight gain and reduced mammary growth: physiological basis and implications for milk yield potential. Domest. Anim. Endocrinol., 19: 93–104.10.1016/S0739-7240(00)00070-9]Search in Google Scholar
[Shamay A., Werner D., Moallem U., Barsh H., Bruckental I. (2005). Effect of nursing management on puberty, skeletal growth rate, and milk production during first lactation of dairy heifers. J. Dairy Sci., 88: 1460–1469.10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)72814-9]Search in Google Scholar
[Sherwin V., Hudson C., Henderson A., Breen J. (2016). Measuring health and performance in preweaning dairy calves. In Practice, 38: 113–122.10.1136/inp.i1185]Search in Google Scholar
[Soberon F., Van Amburgh M.E. (2014). Lactation Biology Symposium: The effect of nutrient intake from milk or milk replacer of preweaned dairy calves on lactation milk yield as adults: A meta-analysis of current data. J. Anim. Sci., 91: 706–712.10.2527/jas.2012-5834]Search in Google Scholar
[Soberon F., Raffrenato E., Everett R.W., Van Amburgh M.E. (2012). Preweaning milk replacer intake and effects on long-term productivity of dairy calves. J. Dairy Sci., 95: 783–793.10.3168/jds.2011-4391]Search in Google Scholar
[Spiekers H., Potthast V. (2004). Erfolgreiche Milchviehfütterung, DLG Verlag, Frankfurt a.M., Germany]Search in Google Scholar
[Stott G.H. (1980). Immunoglobulin absorption in calf neonates with special considerations of stress. J. Dairy Sci., 63: 681–688.10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(80)82990-0]Search in Google Scholar
[Trilk J., Münch K. (2010). Connections between health of calves, growth and later milk yield of dairy cattle. Züchtungskunde, 80: 461–472.]Search in Google Scholar
[Vacek M., Krpálková L., Syrůček J., Štípková M., Janecká M. (2015). Relationships between growth and body condition development during the rearing period and performance in the first three lactations in Holstein cows. Czech J. Anim. Sci., 60: 417–425.10.17221/8460-CJAS]Search in Google Scholar
[Vande Haar M.J., Armentano L.E., Weigel K., Spurlock D.M., Tempelman R.J., Veerkamp R. (2016). Harnessing the genetics of the modern dairy cows to continue improvements in feed efficiency. J. Dairy Sci., 99: 4941–4954.10.3168/jds.2015-10352]Search in Google Scholar
[West J.W. (2003). Effects of heat-stress on production in dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci., 86: 2131–2144.10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(03)73803-X]Search in Google Scholar
[Wiedemann S., Holz P., Kunz H.-J., Stamer E., Kaske M. (2015). Effect of ad libitum feeding of Holstein-Friesian calves during the first four weeks of life on weight development as well as milk yield and feed intake during first lactation. Züchtungskunde, 87: 413–422.]Search in Google Scholar
[Zanton G.I., Heinrichs A.J. (2005). Meta-analysis to assess effect of prepubertal average daily gain of Holstein heifers on first-lactation production. J. Dairy Sci., 88: 3860–3867.10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)73071-X]Search in Google Scholar