Numerical modeling of the effects of soil moisture changes on ecosystems in the study of plant and vegetation ecology in arid zones

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Figure 3.

The limit coefficient of soil moisture in different part of Xinjiang

Station name	Soil moisture restriction coefficient	Station name	Soil moisture restriction coefficient	Station name	Soil moisture restriction coefficient
Habahe	0.375	Jinhe	0.385	Aheqi	0.378
Aletai	0.386	Yiwu	0.367	Ruoqiang	0.344
Fuhai	0.383	Shihezi	0.385	Akesu	0.371
Fuyun	0.382	Yining	0.387	Keping	0.357
Jimunai	0.381	Wulumuqi	0.369	Wuqia	0.356
Qinhe	0.393	Hami	0.351	Bachu	0.368
Tachen	0.387	Tulufan	0.366	Qiemo	0.356
Hebukesaier	0.377	Zhaosu	0.402	Shufu	0.358
Tuoli	0.396	Baicheng	0.392	Yutian	0.359
Kelamayi	0.396	Kuche	0.356	Minfeng	0.349
Qitai	0.377	Luntai	0.372	Shache	0.366
Balikun	0.381	Bohu	0.376	Pishan	0.361
Wenquan	0.391	Yanqi	0.375	Tashikuergan	0.362
Wusu	0.373	Kuerle	0.356	Hetian	0.356

Pearson Coefficient of Soil Water in Different Soil Layers

Type	Soil layer/cm	Correlation coefficient
		0-20	20-40	40-60	60-80	80-100	100-130
Dry arid region	0-20	1.000	0.925**	0.848**	0.825**	0.516	0.406
	20-40		1.000	0.715*	0.809*	0.475	0.368
	40-60			1.000	0.856**	0.697*	0.456
	60-80				1.000	0.658*	0.684*
	80-100					1.000	0.278
	100-130						1.000
Two years of arid areas	0-20	1.000	0.735*	0.188	0.065	0.275	0.486
	20-40		1.000	0.475	0.113	0.412	0.425
	40-60			1.000	0.543	0.715*	0.658*
	60-80				1.000	0.878*	0.556
	80-100					1.000	0.718*
	100-130						1.000
The dry area for five years	0-20	1.000	0.984**	0.638*	0.506	-0.178	-0.335
	20-40		1.000	0.772**	0.584*	0.118	-0.145
	40-60			1.000	0.658*	0.106	-0.287
	60-80				1.000	0.469	-0.115
	80-100					1.000	0.728**
	100-130						1.000
Natural recovery	0-20	1.000	0.788*	0.175	0.418	0.812*	0.385
	20-40		1.000	0.215	0.543	0.762*	0.154
	40-60			1.000	0.218	0.317	0.097
	60-80				1.000	0.498	0.015*
	80-100					1.000	0.726
	100-130						1.000
Artificial natural recovery	0-20	1.000	0.235	0.425	0.105	0.254	0.003
	20-40		1.000	0.887**	0.254	0.074	-0.008
	40-60			1.000	0.255	0.006	-0.064
	60-80				1.000	0.365	0.389
	80-100					1.000	0.915**
	100-130						1.000
Artificial recovery	0-20	1.000	0.865**	0.145	0.154	0.096	-0.206
	20-40		1.000	0.487	0.512	0.311	-0.068
	40-60			1.000	0.846**	0.487	0.369
	60-80				1.000	0.156	-0.015
	80-100					1.000	0.906**
	100-130						1.000

Crop coefficient of representative plants in different area in Xinjiang

Name	Early stage			Metaphase			Late stage
	1 (Kcini)	2 (Kcini)	3 (Kcini)	1 (Kcini)	2 (Kcini)	3 (Kcini)	1 (Kcini)	2 (Kcini)	3 (Kcini)
Habahe	0.6	0.59	0.61	0.96	1.03	1.11	0.75	0.61	0.98
Aletai	0.7	0.71	0.69	0.98	1.03	1.1	0.76	0.59	0.94
Fuhai	0.71	0.71	0.7	0.98	1	1.14	0.77	0.62	0.96
Fuyun	0.63	0.63	0.7	0.98	1.03	1.15	0.73	0.65	0.95
Jimunai	0.84	0.89	0.85	0.99	1.05	1.17	0.8	0.65	0.97
Qinhe	0.69	0.71	0.75	0.94	1.02	1.12	0.74	0.6	0.9
Tachen	0.78	0.85	0.79	0.99	0.95	1.12	0.71	0.65	0.97
Hebukesaier	0.64	0.65	0.64	0.93	1.01	1.13	0.74	0.61	0.97
Tuoli	0.72	0.7	0.7	0.98	1.01	1.11	0.74	0.65	0.94
Kelamayi	0.53	0.52	0.52	0.95	1.02	1.13	0.73	0.57	0.97
Qitai	0.56	0.53	0.54	0.97	1.03	1.16	0.75	0.64	1.02
Balikun	0.57	0.56	0.63	0.97	0.99	1.17	0.78	0.62	1.01
Wenquan	0.72	0.79	0.75	0.95	1.02	1.09	0.75	0.62	0.9
Wusu	0.71	0.7	0.74	0.94	0.99	1.07	0.76	0.64	0.94
Jinhe	0.61	0.62	0.62	0.98	0.98	1.07	0.76	0.57	0.92
Yiwu	0.19	0.2	0.17	0.96	1.06	1.17	0.77	0.62	0.96
Shihezi	0.66	0.75	0.76	0.93	0.96	1.08	0.72	0.61	0.95
Yining	0.82	0.84	0.85	0.93	0.99	1.09	0.74	0.59	0.97
Wulumuqi	0.6	0.68	0.69	0.99	1.02	1.04	0.72	0.57	0.93
Hami	0.2	0.3	0.34	0.96	0.96	1.11	0.71	0.59	0.97
Tulufan	0.21	0.25	0.24	0.95	0.96	1.08	0.79	0.61	0.87
Zhaosu	1.05	1.1	1.07	0.93	0.98	1.13	0.78	0.59	0.98
Baicheng	0.41	0.46	0.46	1.01	0.99	1.09	0.76	0.58	0.96
Kuche	0.3	0.31	0.32	0.99	1.03	1.07	0.73	0.56	0.95
Luntai	0.22	0.24	0.26	0.95	0.96	1.1	0.77	0.6	0.9
Bohu	0.34	0.36	0.4	0.98	1.02	1.09	0.75	0.63	0.94
Yanqi	0.34	0.37	0.38	0.96	0.99	1.08	0.77	0.59	0.99
Kuerle	0.21	0.17	0.19	0.94	0.99	1.1	0.74	0.61	0.96
Aheqi	0.4	0.48	0.46	0.95	1.04	1.08	0.76	0.6	0.97
Ruoqiang	0.19	0.21	0.11	0.95	1.01	1.14	0.7	0.61	0.97
Akesu	0.27	0.32	0.31	0.94	0.99	1.12	0.79	0.59	0.88
Keping	0.21	0.27	0.25	0.98	0.99	1.11	0.77	0.69	1
Wuqia	0.3	0.33	0.29	0.93	1.06	1.12	0.78	0.61	0.92
Bachu	0.13	0.18	0.16	0.97	0.96	1.04	0.75	0.55	0.95
Qiemo	0.13	0.17	0.18	0.93	1.01	1.13	0.74	0.62	1.01
Shufu	0.2	0.29	0.26	0.98	1.01	1.1	0.78	0.58	0.94
Yutian	0.27	0.29	0.32	0.96	0.99	1.07	0.74	0.59	0.96
Minfeng	0.13	0.18	0.14	0.94	1	1.08	0.76	0.62	0.97
Shache	0.21	0.25	0.24	0.96	0.99	1.07	0.73	0.58	0.93
Pishan	0.18	0.15	0.16	0.92	1.05	1.08	0.77	0.58	0.94
Tashikuergan	0.1	0.08	0.09	0.95	1.01	1.12	0.76	0.6	0.96
Hetian	0.17	0.14	0.17	0.93	0.97	1.08	0.77	0.59	0.93

Remote sensing data

Data product	Data type	Time resolution	Spatial resolution	Unit	Time
MOD17A2	GPP	Eight days	500m		2001-2020
MCD12Q1	Land Cover Type	year	0.05°	kg C/m2
ERA5	SW	day	0.1°	m3/m3
CRU TS v4.05	P	month	0.5°	mm
CRU TS v4.05	PET	month	0.5°	mm

Ecological demand for vegetation at various stages of Xinjiang region

Name	Early stage			Metaphase			Late stage			Full stage
	1	2	3	1	2	3	1	2	3	1	2	3
Habahe	23	29	29	30	87	134	17	25	51	70	141	214
Aletai	28	34	34	28	85	134	15	25	47	71	144	215
Fuhai	28	36	34	30	81	132	13	27	48	71	144	214
Fuyun	23	30	32	30	86	132	13	27	45	66	143	209
Jimunai	28	34	35	24	70	108	10	23	38	62	127	181
Qinhe	23	29	30	26	73	115	11	24	40	60	126	185
Tachen	32	44	43	29	88	137	15	25	49	76	157	229
Hebukesaier	26	31	33	26	79	127	14	27	45	66	137	205
Tuoli	32	40	39	29	96	148	17	31	50	78	167	237
Kelamayi	33	37	36	44	130	203	24	44	69	101	211	308
Qitai	23	31	31	35	97	153	15	30	55	73	158	239
Balikun	19	27	27	29	84	128	17	25	47	65	136	202
Wenquan	29	42	45	32	97	152	17	29	55	78	168	252
Wusu	31	41	43	33	92	144	17	28	52	81	161	239
Jinhe	24	31	33	27	86	131	14	30	44	65	147	208
Yiwu	10	16	16	48	145	228	25	46	84	83	207	328
Shihezi	25	37	39	29	86	127	14	26	47	68	149	213
Yining	32	43	44	28	83	131	18	27	47	78	153	222
Wulumuqi	25	36	35	31	90	142	16	29	54	72	155	231
Hami	9	17	17	34	102	155	18	33	57	61	152	229
Tulufan	12	17	13	33	99	155	20	32	52	65	148	220
Zhaosu	37	47	47	24	72	112	14	25	40	75	144	199
Baicheng	18	22	19	24	79	121	13	24	41	55	125	181
Kuche	24	33	28	52	164	251	31	50	91	107	247	370
Luntai	11	11	10	29	88	131	17	28	48	57	127	189
Bohu	17	20	21	30	89	141	16	30	51	63	139	213
Yanqi	15	21	23	30	90	140	13	29	51	58	140	214
Kuerle	18	19	20	56	164	258	29	51	93	103	234	371
Aheqi	17	27	26	32	96	145	19	31	53	68	154	224
Ruoqiang	13	16	18	58	173	277	35	57	98	106	246	393
Akesu	11	15	15	27	88	136	13	27	46	51	130	197
Keping	9	16	14	30	93	143	20	34	55	59	143	212
Wuqia	20	30	26	53	154	243	29	47	88	102	231	357
Bachu	6	11	11	33	97	147	19	31	55	58	139	213
Qiemo	9	14	15	55	165	261	31	53	95	95	232	371
Shufu	11	18	14	30	97	153	18	29	53	59	144	220
Yutian	17	30	27	56	167	253	30	51	95	103	247	376
Minfeng	13	15	14	54	161	254	28	52	95	95	228	363
Shache	9	15	12	32	95	147	17	32	52	58	142	211
Pishan	11	15	15	54	157	246	28	49	93	93	221	354
Tashikuergan	6	11	9	51	153	230	27	49	86	84	213	325
Hetian	14	15	19	58	168	263	29	54	96	101	237	378

Variation coefficient of soil moisture content of different types of soil

Type	20cm	40cm	60cm	80cm	100cm	130cm
Dry arid region	0.5926	0.5125	0.3871	0.5676	0.3559	0.2754
Two years of arid areas	0.5916	0.5136	0.5084	0.4875	0.5113	0.3948
The dry area for five years	0.5179	0.4849	0.4609	0.3398	0.3978	0.3719
Natural recovery	0.4915	0.4716	0.3015	0.5018	0.5217	0.4654
Artificial natural recovery	0.3826	0.3516	0.3697	0.3324	0.4524	0.2874
Artificial recovery	0.3747	0.2927	0.2318	0.1679	0.3214	0.2541