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A new strategy to achieve high antimicrobial activity: green synthesised silver nanoparticle formulations with Galium aparine and Helichrysum arenarium

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Figure 1

UV–Vis absorption spectra of a) G-AgNPs and b) H-AgNPs with different incubation times (0–240 min)
UV–Vis absorption spectra of a) G-AgNPs and b) H-AgNPs with different incubation times (0–240 min)

Figure 2

Particle size distribution of a) G-AgNPs and b) H-AgNPs
Particle size distribution of a) G-AgNPs and b) H-AgNPs

Figure 3

Zeta potential of a) G-AgNPs and b) H-AgNPs
Zeta potential of a) G-AgNPs and b) H-AgNPs

Figure 4

FT-IR spectrum of a) G. aparine, b) G-AgNPs, c) H. arenarium, and d) H-AgNPs
FT-IR spectrum of a) G. aparine, b) G-AgNPs, c) H. arenarium, and d) H-AgNPs

Figure 5

2-D Atomic force microscope images of a) G-AgNPs and b) H-AgNPs. Scan scale: 1×1 µm
2-D Atomic force microscope images of a) G-AgNPs and b) H-AgNPs. Scan scale: 1×1 µm

Figure 6

Scanning electron microscope images of a) G-AgNPs and b) H-AgNPs at 200,000× magnification
Scanning electron microscope images of a) G-AgNPs and b) H-AgNPs at 200,000× magnification

Table 3

Petri dish images obtained by standard plate counting related to respective MICs. The dilution coefficient for E. coli is 102. There is no dilution for other microorganism. MIC – minimum inhibitory concentration
Petri dish images obtained by standard plate counting related to respective MICs. The dilution coefficient for E. coli is 102. There is no dilution for other microorganism. MIC – minimum inhibitory concentration

Physicochemical properties of H-AgNPs and G-AgNPs

NPs Particle Size (nm) Zeta Potential (mV) Polydispersity Index
H-AgNP 23.9±1.0 −21.3±2.7 0.285±0.034
G-AgNP 52.0±10.9 −17.9±0.9 0.280±0.032

MBC/MFC and MIC values of samples according to the broth microdilution method

Test sample AgNP concentrations used in nanoformulations (μg/mL) MIC μ/mL) by microorganisms MBC/MFC μ/mL) by microorganisms
E. coli S. aureus A. flavus C. albicans E. coli S. aureus A. flavus C. albicans
G-AgNPs 62.5 2000 125
H-AgNPs 125 500
NF-1 1000 G-AgNP + 1000 H-AgNP 31.25* 125 500 125 250
NF-2 500 G-AgNP + 1500 H-AgNP 31.25* 62.5 500 125 125
NF-3 1500 G-AgNP + 500 H-AgNP 31.25* 62.5 500 125 125
eISSN:
1848-6312
Lingue:
Inglese, Slovenian
Frequenza di pubblicazione:
4 volte all'anno
Argomenti della rivista:
Medicine, Basic Medical Science, other