Accesso libero

Assessment of dietary intake by self-report in adult patients with type 1 diabetes treated with a personal insulin pump

Katarzyna Zięba
Katarzyna Zięba
, 
Magdalena Płonka
Magdalena Płonka
, 
Albert Wróbel
Albert Wróbel
, 
Tomasz Klupa
Tomasz Klupa
 e 
Bartłomiej Matejko
Bartłomiej Matejko
   | 09 ago 2022
Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej's Cover Image
INFORMAZIONI SU QUESTO ARTICOLO
Articolo precedente
Articolo Successivo
Cita
Article Category: Original Study
Pubblicato online: 09 ago 2022
Pagine: 315 - 323
Ricevuto: 02 dic 2021
Accettato: 07 apr 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ahem-2022-0040
Parole chiave
© 2022 Katarzyna Zięba et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Consumption of various nutrients in two groups of patients (with optimal and above-optimal metabolic control)

Variable Whole group (N=48)Mean ± SD / Median [Q1–Q3] HbA1<6.5% (N=20)Mean ± SD / Median [Q1–Q3] HbA1≥6.5% (N=28)Mean ± SD / Median [Q1–Q3] p-value
Sodium [mg/day] 2081.5 [1554.1–2732.2] 1899.1 [1469.7–2316.1] 2331.2 [1743.3–3123.0] 0.046
Potassium [mg/day] 2833.8 ± 903.3 2636.5 ± 961.0 2974.7 ± 849.1 0.204
Calcium [mg/day] 780.5 ± 345.5 661.9 ± 289.3 865.1 ± 362.1 0.043
Phosphorus [mg/day] 1387.1 [984.7–1577.8] 1087.3 [902.9–1518.6] 1491.5 [1007.6–1754.1] 0.140
Magnesium [mg/day] 295.2 ± 97.7 278.1 ± 102.6 307.3 ± 94.0 0.312
Iron [mg/day] 10.5 [8.2–12.9] 9.5 [8.2–12.0] 11.5 [8.2–14.6] 0.221
Zinc [mg/day] 9.9 [7.6–11.7] 9.0 [7.2–11.3] 10.0 [7.6–13.1] 0.291
Copper [mg/day] 1.1 [0.8–1.6] 1.0 [0.7–1.4] 1.3 [0.9–1.6] 0.158
Iodine [μg/day] 31.9 ± 16.0 25.1 [18.8–40.1] 34.1 [21.1–46.1] 0.281
Manganese [mg/day] 4.0 ± 1.8 4.0 ± 1.6 4.1 ± 2.0 0.857
Vitamin A [μg/day] 752.8 [502.7–1156.2] 806.4 [566.2–912.3] 691.6 [426.9–1224.2] 0.843
Retinol [μg/day] 356.5 [239.7–528.0] 352.0 [276.7–539.9] 361.4 [214.4–510.5] 0.524
ß-Carotene [μg/day] 1840.5 [1012.8–3629.2] 1840.5 [925.2–3140.7] 1839.0 [1136.7–4186.6] 0.579
Vitamin D [μg/day] 1.7 [1.0–2.5] 1.9 [1.0–2.5] 1.4 [1.0–2.4] 0.369
Vitamin E [mg/day] 8.4 [5.5–12.6] 7.2 [4.8–9.6] 9.6 [6.0–13.8] 0.119
Thiamine [mg/day] 1.0 [0.8–1.4] 1.0 [0.8–1.2] 1.1 [0.9–1.5] 0.171
Riboflavin [mg/day] 1.6 [1.2–2.0] 1.3 [1.2–1.9] 1.7 [1.4–2.0] 0.124
Niacin [mg/day] 17.7 [14.2–25.0] 15.3 [12.6–19.1] 21.9 [15.6–30.4] 0.023
Vitamin B6 [mg/day] 1.6 [1.3–2.2] 1.5 [1.1–2.2] 1.7 [1.4–2.3] 0.268
Folate [μg/day] 268.8 [204.5–370.1] 283.5 ± 112.4 306.6 ± 128.3 0.521
Vitamin B12 [μg/day] 3.3 [2.2–4.7] 2.6 [1.9–3.8] 3.8 [2.8–5.1] 0.058
Vitamin C [mg/day] 78.0 [48.8–145.8] 78.5 [49.3–146.3] 75.3 [48.3–145.8] 0.762

Percentage of patients with nutrient consumption below EAR/AI

Variable Whole group (N=48)% below EAR/AI HbA1<6,5% (N=20)% below EAR/AI HbA1≥6,5% (N=28)% below EAR/AI Test Chi2 PersonaP-value
Sodium intake in regard to AI [%] 20.8 30.0 14.3 .186
Potassium intake in regard to AI [%] 75.0 80.0 71.4 .499
Calcium intake in regard to EAR [%] 54.2 60.0 50.0 .493
Phosphorus intake in regard to EAR [%] 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.000
Magnesium intake in regard to EAR [%] 58.3 65.0 53.6 .428
Iron intake in regard to EAR [%] 14.6 15.0 14.3 .944
Zinc intake in regard to EAR [%] 29.2 35.0 25.0 .452
Copper intake in regard to EAR [%] 12.5 20.0 7.1 .184
Iodine intake in regard to EAR [%] 100.0 100.0 100.0 1.000
Manganese intake in regard to AI [%] 10.4 15.0 7.1 .380
Vitamin A intake in regard to EAR [%] 39.6 30.0 46.4 .251
Vitamin D intake in regard to AI [%] 100.0 100.0 100.0 1.000
Vitamin E intake in regard to AI [%] 58.3 70.0 50.0 .166
Thiamine intake in regard to EAR [%] 52.1 65.0 42.9 .130
Riboflavin intake in regard to EAR [%] 14.6 20.0 10.7 .369
Niacin intake in regard to EAR [%] 14.6 20.0 10.7 .369
Vitamin B6 intake in regard to EAR [%] 14.6 20.0 10.7 .369
Folate intake in regard to EAR [%] 62.5 70.0 57.1 .364
Vitamin B12 intake in regard to EAR [%] 22.9 30.0 17.9 .324
Vitamin C intake in regard to EAR [%] 45.8 40.0 50.0 .493

Participants’ characteristics

Variable Whole group (N=48) HbA1<6.5% (N=20)Mean ± SD / Median [Q1–Q3]/n HbA1≥ 6.5% (N=28)Mean ± SD / Median [Q1–Q3]/n p-value
Sex, female/male; n 15/33, 48 7/13 8/20 -
Age [year] 25.6 [22.2–28.3] 23.0 [26.0–29.4] 21.1 [24.7–28.2] 0.254
BMI [kg/m2] 23.7 ± 3.0 22.7 ± 2.4 25.6 ± 6.2 0.037
Height [cm] 175.0 ± 9.5 174.5 ± 9.8 175.4 ± 9.6 0.738
Weight [kg] 73.1 ± 13.3 69.3 ± 11.4 75.8 ± 14.1 0.098
Duration of type 1 diabetes [year] 13.2 ± 6.4 15.0 ± 6.6 11.9 ± 6.0 0.098
Time on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) [year] 7.5 ± 4.1 4.5 [8.0–11.0] 4.0 [6.0–10.0] 0.391

Calorie sources in two groups of patients (with optimal and above-optimal metabolic control)

Variable Whole group (N=48)Mean ± SD / Median [Q1–Q3] HbA1<6,5% (N=20)Mean ± SD / Median [Q1–Q3] HbA1≥6,5% (N=28)Mean ± SD / Median [Q1–Q3] p-value
Total energy per day [kcal] 2011.8 ± 684.0 1819.0 ± 506.7 2149.6 ± 765.9 0.099
Protein [kcal] 338.4 ± 128.3 248.8 [289.8–335.1] 270.7 [359.0–442.0] 0.081
Carbohydrate [kcal] 1006.5 ± 310.7 937.7 ± 223.9 1055.70 ± 356.0 0.198
Fat [kcal] 635.7 [468.0–902.5] 604.1 ± 223.1 750.1 ± 382.6 0.132
Saturated fat (SFA) [kcal] 263.7 ± 115.7 251.8 ± 105.4 272.1 ± 123.7 0.555
Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) [kcal] 213.2 [162.2–342.5] 189.7 [163.7–267.7] 234.5 [162.2–354.5] 0.397
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) [kcal] 85.7 [58.0–114.0] 67.2 [51.3–94.9] 96.5 [70.0–147.3] 0.029
Percentage of calories from protein [%] 16.1 [14.2–19.1] 17.7 [13.2–19.1] 15.7 [14.3–19.4] 0.778
Percentage of calories from carbohydrates [%] 51.1 ± 7.0 52.3 ± 5.0 50.2 ± 8.2 0.322
Percentage of calories from fat [%] 33.2 ± 7.2 32.7 ± 5.6 33.5 ± 8.2 0.691
Percentage of calories from SFA [%] 13.0±3.6 13.6 ± 3.9 12.5 ± 3.4 0.290
Percentage of calories from MUFA [%] 11.7 [10.0–14.2] 11.2 [10.7–13.8] 12.1 [9.2–14.3] 0.875
Percentage of calories from PUFA [%] 4.7 ± 1.7 3.9 [3.4–4.7] 4.9 [4.0–6.2] 0.037
Total carbohydrates [g/day] 251.6 ± 77.7 234.4 ± 56.0 263.9 ± 89.0 0.198
Digestible carbohydrates [g/day] 223.9 ± 72.9 211.5 ± 51.2 232.8 ± 85.0 0.324
Starch [g/day] 128.4 ± 49.2 135.0 [101.4–154.7] 122.1 [85.4–158.3] 0.810
Fiber [g/day] 18.1 [14.1–24.9] 19.1 ± 7.3 19.90 ± 7,35 0.716
Total protein [g/day] 84.6 ± 32.1 72.5 [62.2–83.8] 89.8 [67.7–110.5] 0.081
Animal protein [g/day] 42.3 [28.2–55.2] 35.0 [28.2–54.2] 44.0 [32.1–55.2] 0.510
Plant protein [g/day] 24.8 ± 8.2 24.5 ± 7.3 24.9 ± 8.9 0.857
Fat [g/day] 70.6 [52.0–100.3] 67.1 ± 24.8 83.4 ± 42.5 0.132
SFA [mg/day] 29.3 ± 12.9 28.0 ± 11.7 30.2 ± 13.8 0.555
MUFA [mg/day] 23.7 [18.0–38.1] 21.1 [18.2–29.8] 26.1 [18.0–39.4] 0.397
PUFA [mg/day] 9.5 [6.4–12.7] 7.5 [5.7–10.5] 7.8 [10.7–16.4] 0.029
Cholesterol [mg/day] 287.6 [228.0–395.4] 263.9 [221.1–427.6] 307.9 [235.8–378.0] 0.975
eISSN:
1732-2693
Lingua:
Inglese
Frequenza di pubblicazione:
Volume Open
Argomenti della rivista:
Life Sciences, Molecular Biology, Microbiology and Virology, Medicine, Basic Medical Science, Immunology
Feed RSS della rivista