Genetics and biology of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), also known as pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, is the most prevalent type of pancreatic tumor, predominantly impacting the exocrine portion of the pancreas. Individuals diagnosed with PDAC face a grim prognosis due to its highly malignant nature. By the year 2030, it is projected to emerge as the second leading cause of cancer-related fatalities. PDAC is known for its high degree of genomic instability. This review offers a summary of the frequently mutated genes in PDAC, as well as the morphological features, molecular profiles, available treatment options, and ongoing research in the field of PDAC.