Research and Implementation of the Key Technology of UAV Aerial Image Transmission

The ground computer completes the processing of the received data and displays the human-computer interaction interface. It is based on visual C++6.0 and MSComm.

The MSComm control receives data through the serial port and provides a serial communication channel for the application. It is a simplified Windows-based serial communication programming Active control provided by Microsoft Corporation. Two methods are provided to deal with communication problems. One is the event-driven method and the other is the query method. This paper uses the event-driven method. [3]Event-driven is a very effective way to handle serial port interactions. In many cases, events need to be notified when they occur.

In this paper, UAV image transmission adopts the CC2530 kit of DTK Company, which uses three kinds of nodes: terminal node, routing node and central node (set the node of ZigBee module through DTK ZigBee Configuration and set it to the required node type.)[4]. The terminal node is connected to the UAV CPU through the RS232 serial port. After the UAV acquires the video data, it is transmitted to the terminal section through the serial port RS232. The data sent by the terminal node is received by the routing node. The central node is connected to the receiving end computer through the RS232 serial cable. The data sent by the routing node is received by the central node and transmitted to the ground computer through the RS232 serial port line. The UAV processes the image data, and then completes operations such as decoding and merging of the data. The receiver determines the next operation by using the human-computer interaction interface to determine the reception status of the image file [5].

The image receiving part is programmed by Visual C++ installed on the ground computer to process the received data to ensure the integrity and correctness of the data in the ZigBee wireless network [6]. Obviously, when the set packet is larger, the data transmission time is shorter, and on the contrary, the transmission time is longer. The size of the package can be set according to actual needs. When the timeliness requirements are relatively high, the package can be divided into larger points. When the accuracy is required to be higher, the package can be smaller.

ZigBee data transmission module realizes the function of correct data transmission. When the sending end computer sub-packets the data and names each package, it will connect the sub-packages in turn, and they are connected through the ZigBee module connected to the RS232 serial port. Data is transmitted in a ZigBee wireless network. Data is transmitted to a routing node through a terminal node and finally to a central node. The central node will receive each packet in sequence and transmit the data to the receiving end computer through the RS232 serial cable. The receiving end computer performs a series of operations on the uploaded data, including decoding, merging, storage, etc., and finally completes the data transmission operation.

When the UAV sends data, first, the file is compressed and sub-packaged at the sender, and then transmitted in turn according to the compression algorithm. The receiving end computer receives the uploaded sub-packets in sequence and compares the received sub-packing sequence number with the local receiving state variable. In the first case, the two are equal, indicating that this is a new data packet. In this case, the receiving end computer receives the data packet and sends the confirmed message. The second case is that the two are not equal, the receiving end computer directly discards the sub-packet, and then sends a retransmission message to the sending end. The correctly received subcontracts are subjected to the following operations, including unpacking, saving, and merging, and are named before the “-”, and then the entire file is saved in jpg format. The receiving progress of the file and the preservation of the file can be seen on the human-computer interaction interface of the receiving end computer. If you want to find a file that has been received, you can open it by finding the location where you want to save the file on the host computer. You can view and edit it.

When the UAV sends an image, it first compresses the image file and then calculates the number of bytes of the compressed file. If the data volume does not exceed the sub-packet limit, the data is sent directly. If the file data volume is greater than the sub-packet limit, the data should be sub-packaged. The process of file subcontracting is as follows. First, the name of the file is obtained, and the file name is placed in the first package for transmission. The name of the file should not exceed the upper limit of the packet, which is 73 bytes, telling the receiver that the sender will send the file with this name. Then, according to the actual situation, the file is sub-packaged, and the sub-packet file name is changed to the form of <“source file name“+”-“+”divided serial number i”>. This cycle continues until the subcontracting operation is completed and the sub-packages are saved in the folder specified by the computer. After the subcontracting is completed, the divided data packets are transmitted through the ZigBee wireless network. As shown in Figure 3.

Figure 3.

After the file subcontracting process is completed, the subcontracted files are sequentially transmitted in order. In order to ensure the correctness of data transmission, the receiving end computer sends a confirmation message after receiving the subcontracting. According to the received confirmation message, the UAV determines whether the subcontracting is successful and whether it needs to re-send the subcontract. If the transmission succeeds, it sends the next packet and deletes the packet that was sent successfully. If it fails, it resends the packet until it is sent successfully or reaches the set upper limit [7]. So how does the computer perform the above operations? It is to stop waiting for the agreement.

The stop waiting protocol means that after the small packet file is transmitted to the receiving end through the ZigBee wireless sensor network, it will send a new packet only after receiving the confirmation packet with the correct sequence number, otherwise it will resend the data packet just sent.

The sub-packed image files are received by the receiver in sequence according to the transmission order after the stop wait protocol. The receiving end saves the received file in a folder specified by the computer and merges the small file into a large file. The large file is named with the “file name” of the small file name. After each successful merge, the received new file is packetized and deleted. Save the merged file in a specified location on your computer. Looping like this to complete the merging of files completes the reception of the entire file [8].