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Figure 1.

Survival of Daphnia magna chronically exposed to Ampicillin
Survival of Daphnia magna chronically exposed to Ampicillin

Figure 2.

Maturity age of Daphnia magna (mean value ± SD) chronically exposed to Ampicillin. Asterisk indicates significant difference between control and exposures by Kruskal-Wallis test (*, P < 0.001)
Maturity age of Daphnia magna (mean value ± SD) chronically exposed to Ampicillin. Asterisk indicates significant difference between control and exposures by Kruskal-Wallis test (*, P < 0.001)

Figure 3.

Growth of Daphnia magna (mean value ± SD) chronically exposed to Ampicillin. The asterisk indicated significant difference between control and exposures by Kruskal-Wallis test (*, P < 0.001).
Growth of Daphnia magna (mean value ± SD) chronically exposed to Ampicillin. The asterisk indicated significant difference between control and exposures by Kruskal-Wallis test (*, P < 0.001).

Figure 4.

The intrinsic growth rate of Daphnia magna (mean value ± SD) chronically exposed to ampicillin. Asterisk indicates significant difference between control and exposures by Kruskal-Wallis test (*, P < 0.001).
The intrinsic growth rate of Daphnia magna (mean value ± SD) chronically exposed to ampicillin. Asterisk indicates significant difference between control and exposures by Kruskal-Wallis test (*, P < 0.001).

Reproduction of Daphnia magna exposed to Ampicillin at several exposures in 21 days. Asterisk indicates significant difference between control and exposures by Kruskal-Wallis test (*, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001)

Exposures Total offspring Number of broods per mother daphnid Number of neonates per clutch
Control 602 5 ± 1.5 8 ± 2.94
5 ppb 452 3 ± 1.8** 9 ± 2.81*
50 ppb 783 6 ± 1.0 9 ± 3.66*
250 ppb 193 2 ± 1.9*** 7 ± 3.57
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