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Quantitative evaluation of the effects of several weeks of static stretching on the flexibility of the rectus femoris using shear wave elastography: a before–after study

Bungo Ebihara

Bungo Ebihara

Department of Rehabilitation, Tsuchiura Kyodo General HospitalTsuchiura, Japan
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Ebihara, Bungo
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Hayato Miyasaka

Hayato Miyasaka

  • Department of Rehabilitation, Tsuchiura Kyodo General HospitalTsuchiura, Japan
  • Graduate School of Health Sciences, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health SciencesAmi, Japan
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Miyasaka, Hayato
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Takashi Fukaya

Takashi Fukaya

Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tsukuba International UniversityTsuchiura, Japan
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Fukaya, Takashi
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Hirotaka Mutsuzaki

Hirotaka Mutsuzaki

  • Center for Medical Science, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health SciencesAmi, Japan
  • Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences HospitalAmi, Japan
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Mutsuzaki, Hirotaka
  
30 nov 2024
Quantitative evaluation of the effects of several weeks of static stretching on the flexibility of the rectus femoris using shear wave elastography: a before–after study's Cover Image
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Categoria dell'articolo: Research Paper
Pubblicato online: 30 nov 2024
Pagine: 1 - 6
Ricevuto: 28 feb 2024
Accettato: 05 giu 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15557/jou.2024.0025
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© 2024 Bungo Ebihara et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Fig. 1.

Static stretching methods. The participants grasped their right foot, extended their right hip, and flexed their right knee
Static stretching methods. The participants grasped their right foot, extended their right hip, and flexed their right knee

Fig. 2.

Measurement position of the Young’s modulus. The participants rested in a supine position with their legs hanging off the bed with knees bent at 90°
Measurement position of the Young’s modulus. The participants rested in a supine position with their legs hanging off the bed with knees bent at 90°

Fig. 3.

Measurement sites for the Young’s modulus. The measurement sites for the Young’s modulus were the rectus femoris muscle belly 2 cm proximal to the muscle-tendon transition (A, A’, and A’’) and the patellar tendon 1 cm distal to the patella (B, B’, and B’’). No quotation marks denote before the stretching program started, (‘) denotes after two weeks of stretching, and (“) denotes after four weeks of stretching. The double arrow indicates the rectus femoris muscle and the single arrow indicates the muscle tendon transition in (A). The double arrow indicates the patellar tendon, and the single arrow indicates the patella in (B). The left side of each SWE image is proximal, and the right side is distal. (C) Grey and color scale
Measurement sites for the Young’s modulus. The measurement sites for the Young’s modulus were the rectus femoris muscle belly 2 cm proximal to the muscle-tendon transition (A, A’, and A’’) and the patellar tendon 1 cm distal to the patella (B, B’, and B’’). No quotation marks denote before the stretching program started, (‘) denotes after two weeks of stretching, and (“) denotes after four weeks of stretching. The double arrow indicates the rectus femoris muscle and the single arrow indicates the muscle tendon transition in (A). The double arrow indicates the patellar tendon, and the single arrow indicates the patella in (B). The left side of each SWE image is proximal, and the right side is distal. (C) Grey and color scale

Fig. 4.

Measurement position of the knee-flexion range of motion. The participants were instructed to lie prone with their left leg lifted off the bed and their left hip joint flexed at 120°
Measurement position of the knee-flexion range of motion. The participants were instructed to lie prone with their left leg lifted off the bed and their left hip joint flexed at 120°

Changes in measured values

Pre 2w 4w Pre-2w Pre-4w
Mean 95% CI Mean 95% CI Mean 95% CI t p value t p value
Young’s modulus of the rectus femoris muscle (kPa) 35.6 31.0–40.2 29.5 24.9–34.1 28.0 23.4–32.6 −4.028 0.0004* −5.027 <0.0001*
Young’s modulus of the patellar tendon (kPa) 162.9 118.0–207.8 144.8 99.9–189.7 143.9 99.0–188.8 −1.354 0.1864 −1.422 0.1660
Knee-flexion range of motion (°) 122.6 113.9–131.4 130.3 121.5–139.0 137.5 128.7–146.2 4.118 0.0003* 7.986 <0.0001*

Physical characteristics of the participants

Physical characteristics Participants (n = 15)
Age (years) 26.4 ± 2.2a
Height (m) 1.73 ± 0.03a
Body weight (kg) 66.0 ± 6.9a
BMI (kg/m2) 22.0 ± 1.9a

Effect of the Young’s modulus and stretching duration on the kneeflexion range of motion

Model 1 Model 2
t p value t p value
Intercept 17.284 <0.0001* 16.795 <0.0001*
Time (4w) 4.483 <0.0001* 3.393 0.0016*
Time (2w) 1.938 0.0597 0.866 0.3918
Time (pre) – –
Young’s modulus of the rectus femoris muscle −2.402 0.0210* −2.345 0.0242*
Young’s modulus of the patellar tendon −0.777 0.4419 –
Young’s modulus of the rectus femoris muscle*Time (4w) – −2.041 0.0481*
Young’s modulus of the rectus femoris muscle*Time (2w) – −0.195 0.8461
Young’s modulus of the rectus femoris muscle*Time (pre) – –
AICC 314.626 307.634
BIC 317.679 310.628
Lingua:
Inglese
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Medicina, Scienze medicali di base, Scienze medicali di base, altro
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