Login
Registrati
Reimposta password
Pubblica & Distribuisci
Soluzioni Editoriali
Soluzioni di Distribuzione
Temi
Architettura e design
Arti
Business e Economia
Chimica
Chimica industriale
Farmacia
Filosofia
Fisica
Geoscienze
Ingegneria
Interesse generale
Legge
Letteratura
Linguistica e semiotica
Matematica
Medicina
Musica
Scienze bibliotecarie e dell'informazione, studi library
Scienze dei materiali
Scienze della vita
Scienze informatiche
Scienze sociali
Sport e tempo libero
Storia
Studi classici e del Vicino Oriente antico
Studi culturali
Studi ebraici
Teologia e religione
Pubblicazioni
Riviste
Libri
Atti
Editori
Blog
Contatti
Cerca
EUR
USD
GBP
Italiano
English
Deutsch
Polski
Español
Français
Italiano
Carrello
Home
Riviste
Journal of Ultrasonography
Volume 21 (2021): Numero 86 (August 2021)
Accesso libero
Signs and lines in lung ultrasound
Rohit Bhoil
Rohit Bhoil
,
Ajay Ahluwalia
Ajay Ahluwalia
,
Rajesh Chopra
Rajesh Chopra
,
Mukesh Surya
Mukesh Surya
e
Sabina Bhoil
Sabina Bhoil
| 09 set 2021
Journal of Ultrasonography
Volume 21 (2021): Numero 86 (August 2021)
INFORMAZIONI SU QUESTO ARTICOLO
Articolo precedente
Articolo Successivo
Sommario
Articolo
Immagini e tabelle
Bibliografia
Autori
Articoli in questo Numero
Anteprima
PDF
Cita
CONDIVIDI
Article Category:
research-article
Pubblicato online:
09 set 2021
Pagine:
225 - 233
Ricevuto:
03 giu 2020
Accettato:
18 ago 2020
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15557/jou.2021.0036
Parole chiave
sonography
,
emergency ultrasound
,
POCUS
,
BLUE protocol
© 2021 Polish Ultrasound Society. Published by Medical Communications Sp. z o.o.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.
Fig. 1.
Lung ultrasound examination sites. Both hands are placed, side by side, on the anterior chest wall (as shown); the little finger of the upper hand rests along the lower border of clavicle.(position of the thumbs are not considered). The area covered by the hands, corresponds to the location of the underlying lung. When placed this way, the little finger of the lower hand aligns with the phrenic line or the lower border of the lung. This method defines three standardised points: (i) The upper BLUE-point is at the middle of the upper hand; (ii) The lower-BLUE-point is at the middle of the lower hand and the (iii) The PLAPS-point (posterolateral alveolar or pleural syndromes), which is indicated by the intersection of a horizontal line at the level of the lower BLUE-point and a vertical line at the posterior axillary line. However, the probe should be moved as posteriorly as possible, along this line to get more information in supine patients. The PLAPS point is located slightly above the level of the diaphragm
Fig. 2.
A. Grey scale ultrasound image showing the longitudinal scan of the intercostal space depicting the bat sign; B. Labelled view; Ribs and pleural line are outlined in white, arrows point to rib shadows
Fig. 3.
Grey scale longitudinal ultrasound scan of the intercostal space using high-frequency linear transducer (7–12 MHz) depicting A-lines
Fig. 4.
Grey scale ultrasound image depicting the curtain sign – the aerated lung in the costophrenic recess overlaps part of liver and diaphragm creating a demarcated leading edge of the lung air artefact, giving the appearance of curtain (of air). Both images are in different part of the respiratory cycle. CS – curtain sign; L – liver; D – diaphragm
Fig. 5.
A. Grey scale longitudinal ultrasound scan of the intercostal space depicting the Pleural line-P (arrow; stars indicate the rib shadows); B. Power Doppler image of normal sliding lung. The presence of colour indicates movement at the pleural line
Fig. 6.
A. M-mode ultrasound image depicting the sea-shore sign; P indicates the pleural line; B. The stratosphere/barcode sign in which no movement is seen below the pleural line
Fig. 7.
A. Grey scale longitudinal ultrasound scan of the intercostal space depicting the vertically coursing B-lines (arrows); B. Confluent B-lines (arrows) are seen. The B-lines obscure the horizontal A-lines which are seen in the adjacent intercostal space (depicted by asterisk)
Fig. 8.
A. Grey scale longitudinal ultrasound scan of the intercostal space depicting the quad sign. The area of pleural effusion is framed within four regular borders: the pleural line-P, the shadow of the ribs (stars), and the almost regular deep border, which is the lung line-L; B. M--mode image of pleural effusion depicting the sinusoid sign
Fig. 9.
Grey scale longitudinal ultrasound scan of the intercostal space showing collapsed lung (arrow) which appears as moving jellyfish on real time sonography. L – liver; PLEF – pleural effusion
Fig. 10.
Grey scale longitudinal ultrasound scan of the intercostal space showing multiple punctuate foci representing floating debris – the plankton sign. L – liver; PLEF – pleural effusion
Fig. 11.
Grey scale longitudinal ultrasound scan of the intercostal space depicting the visualisation of vertebral bodies above the diaphragm in a case of pleural effusion (A and B). The vertebral bodies are not normally seen above the level of the diaphragm (C); L – liver; K – kidney; PLEF – pleural effusion
Fig. 12.
Grey scale ultrasound image depicting the tissue sign with consolidated lung visualised directly beneath the pleura. Multiple B-lines are also seen (arrows)
Fig. 13.
Grey scale longitudinal ultrasound scan of the lung using a high-frequency linear transducer (7–12 MHz), depicting the ‘double lung point’ sign in an infant with TTN. Compact B--lines due to interstitial oedema are seen in the lower lung field
Fig. 14.
M-mode ultrasound image depicting the sea-shore sign. Arrows indicate the position of T-lines
Anteprima