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Ultrasound features of sole of foot pathology: a review

Claire Filippini
Claire Filippini
 e 
James Teh
James Teh
   | 28 giu 2019
Journal of Ultrasonography's Cover Image
INFORMAZIONI SU QUESTO ARTICOLO
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Article Category: review
Pubblicato online: 28 giu 2019
Pagine: 145 - 151
Ricevuto: 14 dic 2018
Accettato: 18 apr 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15557/jou.2019.0021
Parole chiave
© 2019 Claire Filippini et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Fig. 1.

Longitudinal US of normal plantar fascia. The arrows indicate the position of the central bundle of the plantar fascia which has a fibrillar pattern
Longitudinal US of normal plantar fascia. The arrows indicate the position of the central bundle of the plantar fascia which has a fibrillar pattern

Fig. 2.

Plantar fasciitis on US. The arrows indicate fusiform thickening of the plantar fascia at the insertion of the calcaneus (C)
Plantar fasciitis on US. The arrows indicate fusiform thickening of the plantar fascia at the insertion of the calcaneus (C)

Fig. 3.

Plantar fasciitis on US. The calcaneus is indicated by the letter ‘C’. The short arrows indicate fusiform thickening of the plantar fascia with a small enthesopathic spur at the insertion (long arrow)
Plantar fasciitis on US. The calcaneus is indicated by the letter ‘C’. The short arrows indicate fusiform thickening of the plantar fascia with a small enthesopathic spur at the insertion (long arrow)

Fig. 4.

Plantar fasciitis on MRI. A sagittal STIR image shows fusiform swelling (arrow) of the central bundle of the plantar fascia with minor intrinsic signal change, and mild surrounding soft tissue edema. There is mild bone marrow edema at the calcaneal insertion
Plantar fasciitis on MRI. A sagittal STIR image shows fusiform swelling (arrow) of the central bundle of the plantar fascia with minor intrinsic signal change, and mild surrounding soft tissue edema. There is mild bone marrow edema at the calcaneal insertion

Fig. 5.

Subacute/healing plantar fascia tear. Longitudinal US image shows focal swelling of the plantar fascia 1.5 cm from the insertion in a typical location for a plantar fascia tear. In contrast to a plantar fibroma there is no discrete mass, and no abnormal vascularity
Subacute/healing plantar fascia tear. Longitudinal US image shows focal swelling of the plantar fascia 1.5 cm from the insertion in a typical location for a plantar fascia tear. In contrast to a plantar fibroma there is no discrete mass, and no abnormal vascularity

Fig. 6.

Partial plantar fascia tear. Longitudinal US image shows disruption of the normal fibrillar structure of the superficial fibers of the plantar fascia (arrow) with a small hypoechoic focus consistent with a partial tear
Partial plantar fascia tear. Longitudinal US image shows disruption of the normal fibrillar structure of the superficial fibers of the plantar fascia (arrow) with a small hypoechoic focus consistent with a partial tear

Fig. 7.

Full-thickness plantar fascia tear on MRI. Sagittal T1-weighted images show discontinuity of the fibers of the central bundle of the plantar fascia (arrow)
Full-thickness plantar fascia tear on MRI. Sagittal T1-weighted images show discontinuity of the fibers of the central bundle of the plantar fascia (arrow)

Fig. 8.

Partial-thickness plantar fascia tear on MRI. Sagittal STIR sequence showing a focal high T2 signal lesion in the thickened plantar fascia (arrow), with thickening and intrinsic high T2 signal of the plantar fascia with surrounding soft tissue edema (arrowheads)
Partial-thickness plantar fascia tear on MRI. Sagittal STIR sequence showing a focal high T2 signal lesion in the thickened plantar fascia (arrow), with thickening and intrinsic high T2 signal of the plantar fascia with surrounding soft tissue edema (arrowheads)

Fig. 9.

Plantar fibromatosis. Longitudinal US image shows a fusiform hypoechoic mass arising from the plantar fascia
Plantar fibromatosis. Longitudinal US image shows a fusiform hypoechoic mass arising from the plantar fascia

Fig. 10.

Plantar fibromatosis. Longitudinal US extended field of view image shows a fusiform heterogeneous mass arising from the substance of the plantar fascia (arrows)
Plantar fibromatosis. Longitudinal US extended field of view image shows a fusiform heterogeneous mass arising from the substance of the plantar fascia (arrows)

Fig. 11.

Plantar fibromatosis, same patient as in figure 10. Sagittal T1-weighted image shows an intermediate/low signal fusiform mass arising from the plantar fascia
Plantar fibromatosis, same patient as in figure 10. Sagittal T1-weighted image shows an intermediate/low signal fusiform mass arising from the plantar fascia

Fig. 12.

Plantar fibromatosis, same patient as in figure 10. Sagittal proton-density fat-saturated image shows a heterogeneous high T2 signal mass
Plantar fibromatosis, same patient as in figure 10. Sagittal proton-density fat-saturated image shows a heterogeneous high T2 signal mass

Fig. 13.

Acute Baxter’s neuropathy. Sagittal STIR image shows plantar fasciitis (arrow) with muscle edema of the abductor digiti minimi muscle (arrowhead)
Acute Baxter’s neuropathy. Sagittal STIR image shows plantar fasciitis (arrow) with muscle edema of the abductor digiti minimi muscle (arrowhead)

Fig. 14.

Chronic Baxter’s neuropathy. Sagittal T1-weighted image shows fatty infiltration of the abductor digiti minimi muscle (arrowhead) with mild chronic plantar fasciitis (arrow)
Chronic Baxter’s neuropathy. Sagittal T1-weighted image shows fatty infiltration of the abductor digiti minimi muscle (arrowhead) with mild chronic plantar fasciitis (arrow)

Fig. 15.

Epidermal cyst. Longitudinal US shows a rounded hypoechoic lesion (arrows) in the subcutaneous tissues of the sole with posterior acoustic enhancement. There is no flow on Doppler interrogation
Epidermal cyst. Longitudinal US shows a rounded hypoechoic lesion (arrows) in the subcutaneous tissues of the sole with posterior acoustic enhancement. There is no flow on Doppler interrogation

Fig. 16.

Epidermal cyst. Sagittal T1-weighted image shows an ovoid subcutaneous mass (arrows) with intermediate T1 signal and a low signal rim
Epidermal cyst. Sagittal T1-weighted image shows an ovoid subcutaneous mass (arrows) with intermediate T1 signal and a low signal rim

Fig. 17.

Epidermal cyst, same patient as figure 16. Sagittal STIR image shows a high T2 signal lesion with a low signal rim
Epidermal cyst, same patient as figure 16. Sagittal STIR image shows a high T2 signal lesion with a low signal rim

Fig. 18.

Foreign body. Ultrasound shows a linear high echogenicity foreign body (splinter) indicated by arrows, with surrounding low-echogenicity granulation tissue
Foreign body. Ultrasound shows a linear high echogenicity foreign body (splinter) indicated by arrows, with surrounding low-echogenicity granulation tissue

Fig. 19.

Adventitial bursa. Ultrasound shows a compressible poorly defined heterogeneous region (arrows) in the subcutaneous tissues beneath the 1st metatarsal head (1st MT) and flexor hallucis longus tendon (FHL)
Adventitial bursa. Ultrasound shows a compressible poorly defined heterogeneous region (arrows) in the subcutaneous tissues beneath the 1st metatarsal head (1st MT) and flexor hallucis longus tendon (FHL)
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