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Spatio-temporal variation in the distribution and abundance of marine cladocerans in relation to environmental factors in a productive lagoon (Güllük Bay, SW Aegean Sea, Turkey)

Nurçin Killi
Nurçin Killi
   | 26 nov 2020
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Article Category: Research Article
Pubblicato online: 26 nov 2020
Pagine: 374 - 382
Ricevuto: 29 mag 2020
Accettato: 03 lug 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/ohs-2020-0032
© 2020 Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdańsk, Poland
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Figure 1

Sampling locations in Güllük Bay. Sampling sites: 1 – Lagoon entrance 1; 2 – Lagoon entrance 2; 3 – Kıyıkışlacık
Sampling locations in Güllük Bay. Sampling sites: 1 – Lagoon entrance 1; 2 – Lagoon entrance 2; 3 – Kıyıkışlacık

Figure 2

Mean temperature and salinity values in the study area by months
Mean temperature and salinity values in the study area by months

Figure 3

Mean dissolved oxygen (DO) and Chl a values in the study area by months
Mean dissolved oxygen (DO) and Chl a values in the study area by months

Figure 4

Mean nitrate values in the study area by months
Mean nitrate values in the study area by months

Figure 5

Mean abundance values of Cladocera species according to the seasons
Mean abundance values of Cladocera species according to the seasons

Figure 6

Constrained ordination relating cladoceran data to predictor variables. Distance-based redundancy analysis (dbRDA) of zero-adjusted Bray-Curtis dissimilarities calculated from square-root transformed abundance of four cladocerans vs water temperature and dissolved oxygen, identified as the best two-variable model using the AICc selection criterion. Colors denote the three sampling locations in Güllük Bay
Constrained ordination relating cladoceran data to predictor variables. Distance-based redundancy analysis (dbRDA) of zero-adjusted Bray-Curtis dissimilarities calculated from square-root transformed abundance of four cladocerans vs water temperature and dissolved oxygen, identified as the best two-variable model using the AICc selection criterion. Colors denote the three sampling locations in Güllük Bay

Studies on marine cladocerans in Turkey

Reference Study area Cladocera species
Tarkan 2000 Gökçeada Evadne nordmanni, Penilia avirostris, Evadne spinifera
Tarkan et al. 2001 Gökçeada Evadne nordmanni, Penilia avirostris, Evadne spinifera, Pseudevadne tergestina, Podon intermedius
Toklu-Alıçlı & Sarıhan 2003 İskenderun Bay Penilia avirostris, Pseudevadne tergestina, Evadne spinifera
Aker & Özel 2006 İzmir Bay Evadne nordmanni, Pseudevadne tergestina, Evadne spinifera, Penilia avirostris, Pleopis polyphemoides
Büyükateş & İnanmaz 2007 Kepez Harbor, Dardanelles Strait Pleopis polyphemoides, Evadne nordmanni, Penilia avirostris
İşinibilir 2008 Güllük Bay Pseudevadne tergestina, Evadne spinifera, Penilia avirostris, Podon leuckartii, Pleopis polyphemoides
Büyükateş & İnanmaz 2010 Dardanelles Kepez Harbor, Strait Pleopis polyphemoides, Evadne nordmanni, Penilia avirostris
Gülşahin & Tarkan 2012 Gökova Bay Penilia avirostris, Evadne spinifera, Pseudevadne tergestina, Pleopis polyphemoides, Podon intermedius
Terbıyık Kurt & Polat 2014 İskenderun Bay Penilia avirostris, Pseudevadne tergestina, Evadne spinifera, Pleopis polyphemoides, Podon intermedius
Toklu-Alıçlı et al. 2014 Gulf Marmara of Erdek, Sea Evadne spinifera, Pleopis polyphemoides, Penilia avirostris
Toklu-Alıçlı & Sarıhan 2016 İskenderun Bay Evadne spinifera, Pseudevadne tergestina, Penilia avirostris, Podon polyphemoides
Terbıyık Kurt & Polat 2017 İskenderun Bay Evadne spinifera, Penilia avirostris, Pleopis polyphemoides, Podon schmackeri, Podon intermedius, Pseudevadne tergestina
Terbıyık Kurt et al. 2018 İskenderun Bay Penilia avirostris, Evadne spinifera, Pseudevadne tergestina, Evadne nordmanni, Pleopis polyphemoides, Podon intermedius

PERANOVA results with regard to differences in the abundance of Cladocera species according to season and location. Statistically significant (and ecologically relevant) effects are marked in bold (α = 0.05), including those for posteriori pairwise comparisons (# = permutational value based on 9999 permutations). See also Figure 6

Source of variation df MS F# t# p#
Season 3 17.29 5.07 0.0001
Spring vs Summer 2.78 0.0002
Spring vs Autumn 1.94 0.0357
Spring vs Winter 2.23 0.0436
Summer vs Autumn 2.26 0.0014
Summer vs Winter 2.39 0.0102
Autumn vs Winter 1.50 0.1669
Sampling location 2 0.69 0.20 0.9914
Season × sampling location 6 0.51 0.15 1.0000
Residual 21 3.41

Results of DISTLM analysis on physicochemical variables

variable Marginal tests Sequential tests
SS (trace) Pseudo-F p SS (trace) Pseudo-F p
T 10249 6.8112 0.0002 10249 6.8112 0.0001
DO 3153.3 1.8188 0.1178 4521.3 3.2198 0.0159
Chl a 7155 4.4590 0.0027 2137.3 1.5499 0.1852
NO3 2797.8 1.6032 0.1747 1041.9 0.7490 0.5612
Salinity 4196.1 2.4682 0.0440 499.9 0.3510 0.8494
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