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Copepoda in the shallow hypersaline Bardawil coastal lake (Egypt): Are there long-term changes in composition and abundance?

Elena V. Anufriieva
Elena V. Anufriieva
, 
Gamal M. El-Shabrawy
Gamal M. El-Shabrawy
 e 
Nickolai V. Shadrin
Nickolai V. Shadrin
   | 21 set 2018
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Article Category: Original research paper
Pubblicato online: 21 set 2018
Pagine: 219 - 229
Ricevuto: 19 dic 2017
Accettato: 27 feb 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/ohs-2018-0021
© 2018 Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdańsk, Poland
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Figure 1

Distribution of the sampling sites in the hypersaline Bardawil coastal lake
Distribution of the sampling sites in the hypersaline Bardawil coastal lake

Salinity and temperature limits for copepod species occurrence in Lake Bardawil (2009–2010)

Species name Temperature, °C Salinity, PSU
min. max min. max
Acartia (Acanthacartia) tonsa 27.1 28.6 39.5 54.3
Acartia (Acartia) danae 16.4 25.6 38.8 52.1
Clausocalanus furcatus 25.0 25.3 39.9 51.8
Euterpina acutifrons 15.9 29.3 38.6 59.1
Harpacticus littoralis 17.3 29.5 39.7 57.4
Lucicutia flavicornis 23.8 25.4 39.9 46.4
Microsetella norvegica 18.4 27.7 38.6 44.5
Oithona nana 15.9 29.5 38.6 59.1
Oithona plumifera 19.4 19.4 38.6 38.6
Paracalanus parvus 15.9 27.7 38.6 52.1

Coordinates and depth of the sampling sites in Lake Bardawil in 2009–2010

Sites Latitude (°N); Longitude (°E) Depth (m)
1 31°04″37″; 33°13′36″ 1.40
2 31°05′58″;33°15′03″′ 1.50
3 31°07′03″; 33°16′51″′ 1.10
4 31°12′15″; 33°15′41″ 2.00
5 31°08′35″; 33°15′40″ 1.50
6 31°11′47″; 33°09′20″ 1.00
7 31°11′26′ ′; 33°05′54″ 1.40
8 31°03′50″; 33°00′02″ 1.00
9 31°06′28″; 32°56′49″ 1.60
10 31°08′01″; 32°55′47″ 2.50
11 31°04′55′ ′; 32°49′17″ 2.10
12 31°03′51′′; 32°46′75″ 1.50

Copepoda species in plankton of Lake Bardawil in 2009–2010. A = frequency of occurrence (%); B = average abundance (ind. m−3)/the coefficient of variability; C = relative abundance (%)

Species 2009 2010 Annual average/CV
August November February May
Calanoida
A B A B A B A B B
Acartia (Acanthacartia) tonsa Dana, 1849 36 364/1.39 0 0 0 0 0 0 91/2.00
Acartia (Acartia) danae Giesbrecht, 1889 0 0 42 767/1.67 25 267/1.95 50 1545/1.09 679/1.05
Clausocalanus furcatus (Brady, 1883) 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 182/2.14 46/2.00
Lucicutia flavicornis (Claus, 1863) 0 0 0 0 0 0 25 364/1.79 91/2.00
Paracalanus parvus (Claus, 1863) 9 182/3.32 67 433/1.08 25 200/1.81 50 727/1.07 255/0.66
Cyclopoida
Oithona nana Giesbrecht, 1893 100 4455/0.87 100 3833/0.62 75 867/0.73 100 4273/0.64 1680/0.39
Oithona plumifera Baird, 1843 0 0 9 67/3.46 9 67/3.46 0 0 34/1.16
Harpacticoida
Euterpina acutifrons (Dana, 1847) 33 364/1.85 92 3233/1.11 50 1533/1.38 83 3273/0.98 1414/0.67
Harpacticus littoralis Sars G.O., 1910 55 727/1.39 25 133/1.95 33 267/1.48 50 727/1.33 309/0.67
Microsetella norvegica (Boeck, 1865) 9 91/3.32 0 0 17 133/2.34 0 0 67/1.20
Nauplius 100 39 455/0.36 100 51 500/0.05 100 18 733/0.63 100 45 364/0.79 14 230/0.37
Cyclopoid copepodids 100 13 000/0.49 100 7567/0.36 100 2067/0.65 100 10 917/0.64 8388/0.57
Calanoid copepodids 45 1000/2.10 83 2267/1.30 25 667/2.45 75 2636/1.09 956/0.58
Total copepodids 100 14 000/0.45 100 9833/0.38 100 2733/0.77 100 13 333/0.66 9975/0.52
Total adults 100 7182/0.79 100 8467/0.70 92 3333/1.00 100 10 417/0.50 7350/0.41
Total of all stages 100 59 636/0.34 100 69 800/0.41 100 24 800/0.54 100 69 833/0.60 56 017/0.38
Total metazoan zooplankton 100 69 727/0.33 100 78 200/0.42 100 35 133/0.41 100 23 2917/0.64 10 3994/0.85
C C C C C
Percentage of all copepod stages in total metazoan zooplankton abundance, % 85 90 68 35 70
Percentage of O. nana abundance in the total number of adult copepods, % 62 45 26 41 44
Percentage of E. acutifrons abundance in the total number of adult copepods, % 5 38 46 31 30
Percentage of A. danae abundance in the total number of adult copepods, % 0 9 8 15 8

Copepoda species found in Lake Bardawil in 1967–2010

Species 1967

Kimor 1975

 1981

Por and Ben-Tuvia 1981

 1985

Fouda et al. 1985

 2002–2003

El-Shabrawy 2006

 2005

El-Shabrawy and Gohar 2008

 2006

Mageed 2006

 2009–2010

authors’ data
Calanoida
Acartia (Acartiura) clausi Giesbrecht, 1889 – + + + + + –
Acartia (Acartia) danae Giesbrecht, 1889 – – – – – + +
Acartia (Acanthacartia) tonsa Dana, 1849 – – – – – – +
Archescolecithrix auropecten (Giesbrecht, 1893) – – + – – – –
Calanus sp. – – + – – – –
Centropages calaninus (Dana, 1849) – – – – – + –
Centropages kroyeri Giesbrecht, 1893 + – – – – – –
Centropages ponticus Karavaev, 1895 – – – + + – –
Clausocalanus furcatus (Brady, 1883) – – + + + + +
Eurytemora affinis (Poppe, 1880) – – + + + – –
Isias clavipes Boeck, 1865 – – + – – – –
Lucicutia flavicornis (Claus, 1863) – – + – – + +
Lucicutia ovalis (Giesbrecht, 1889) – – + – – – –
Paracalanus parvus (Claus, 1863) – – + + + + +
Paracartia latisetosa (Krichagin, 1873) – + + + + – –
Parapontella brevicornis (Lubbock, 1857) – – + – – – –
Parvocalanus crassirostris (Dahl F., 1894) – – – – – + –
Temora longicornis (Müller O.F., 1785) – – + – – – –
Cyclopoida
Neocyclops salinarum (Gurney, 1927) – – + – – – –
Oithona nana Giesbrecht, 1893 – – – + + + +
Oithona plumifera Baird, 1843 – – – + + – +
Harpacticoida
Bryocamptus (Echinocamptus) spp. – – + – – – –
Canuella sp. – – – + + + –
Euterpina acutifrons (Dana, 1847) – + + + + + +
Harpacticus littoralis Sars G.O., 1910 – – – + + + +
Metis jousseaumei (Richard, 1892) – – – + + – –
Microsetella norvegica (Boeck, 1865) – – + + + + +
Poecilostomatoida
Corycaeus clausi Dahl F., 1894 – – + – – – –
Sapphirina angusta Dana, 1849 – – + – – – –
Sapphirina opalina Dana, 1849 – – + – – – –
Triconia conifera (Giesbrecht, 1891) – – – – – + -

Abiotic characteristics at the sampling sites (Lake Bardawil; 2009–2010). TB = transparent to the bottom; CV = the coefficient of variability

Parameter Sites Average CV
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Summer 2009
Temperature, °C 27.0 27.2 28.1 28.8 28.6 29.5 29.3 27.1 27.7 27.1 27.2 28.3 28.0 0.03
Salinity, PSU 57.7 51.0 57.4 46.2 53.2 48.2 48.7 54.3 44.5 39.5 53.2 67.7 51.8 0.14
Dissolved oxygen, mg l−1 8.8 8.8 9.1 9.3 8.5 8.3 9.1 7.7 8.5 8.5 7.5 8.3 8.5 0.06
pH 8.42 8.56 8.66 8.40 8.50 8.50 8.46 8.11 8.24 8.33 8.33 8.43 8.43 0.02
Transparency, m 1.25 1.25 0.70 1.50 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.70 1.20 2.00 2.00 1.00 1.17 0.46
Autumn 2009
Temperature, °C 17.3 17.5 17.2 18.5 17.6 16.7 17.0 16.4 16.7 17.6 16.4 15.9 17.1 0.04
Salinity, PSU 54.1 56.1 49.4 49.4 40.0 48.9 42.4 50.0 44.3 39.8 45.4 52.1 47.7 0.11
Dissolved oxygen, mg l−1 8.1 9.1 9.5 9.6 9.8 9.2 9.8 11.9 9.6 10.2 12.0 10.9 10.0 0.11
pH 8.33 8.37 8.50 8.31 8.35 8.20 8.28 8.11 8.19 8.30 8.18 8.22 8.28 0.01
Transparency, m TB TB TB TB TB TB TB TB TB TB TB TB – –
Winter 2010
Temperature, °C 20.7 20.3 20.1 19.4 20.9 18.4 20.2 22.1 21.3 19.4 21.5 21.6 20.5 0.05
Salinity, PSU 49.0 48.6 45.8 38.8 42.4 40.4 41.1 47.4 39.7 38.6 45.9 52.9 44.2 0.10
Dissolved oxygen, mg l−1 7.1 5.6 6.2 7.3 6.3 5.3 5.8 8.4 7.4 7.2 6.3 8.0 6.7 0.14
pH 7.95 8.17 8.04 8.20 8.01 8.16 8.14 8.04 8.26 8.36 8.06 8.19 8.13 0.01
Transparency, m 0.5 TB TB TB TB TB 0.4 TB TB TB TB TB – –
Spring 2010
Temperature, °C 23.6 23.7 23.8 24.3 26.2 25.6 25.4 25.3 25.4 25.0 24.9 24.3 24.8 0.03
Salinity, PSU 56.2 52.8 46.4 40.5 49.9 48.2 46.9 51.8 42.6 39.9 49.5 59.1 48.7 0.12
Dissolved oxygen, mg l−1 5.8 8.4 8.6 7.0 6.8 8.8 6.4 6.8 6.6 8.4 5.9 6.4 7.2 0.15
pH 8.07 8.08 8.07 8.20 8.20 8.40 8.31 8.01 8.19 8.15 8.17 8.20 8.17 0.01
Transparency, m TB TB TB TB TB TB 0.6 TB TB TB TB TB – –
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