[1. McMahon, S., Mendenhall, M., & Jain, S. (2008). Radiotherapy in the presence of contrast agents: a general figure of merit and its application to gold nanoparticles. Phys. Med. Biol., 53(20), 5635–5651. DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/53/20/005.10.1088/0031-9155/53/20/005]Search in Google Scholar
[2. Ghasemi, M. R., Zafarghandi, M., & Raisali, G. (2010). Monte Carlo simulation of dose absorption of nano-particles-labeled tissues used in x-ray microbeam radiation therapy. J. Nucl. Sci. Technol., 50(4), 37–47.]Search in Google Scholar
[3. Cho, S. (2005). Estimation of tumour dose enhancement due to gold nanoparticles during typical radiation treatments: a preliminary Monte Carlo study. Phys. Med. Biol., 50(15), 163–173. DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/50/15/N01.10.1088/0031-9155/50/15/N01]Search in Google Scholar
[4. Zhang, S. X., Gao, J., & Buchholz, T. A. (2009). Quantifying tumour-selective radiation dose enhancements using gold nanoparticles: a Monte Carlo simulation study. Biomed. Microdevices, 11(4), 925–933. DOI: 10.1007/s10544-009-9309-5.10.1007/s10544-009-9309-5]Search in Google Scholar
[5. Khatib, E., Scrimger, J., & Murray, B. (1991). Reduction of the bremsstrahlung component of clinical electron beams: implications for electron arc therapy and total skin electron irradiation. Phys. Med. Biol., 36(1), 111–118. DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/36/1/010.10.1088/0031-9155/36/1/010]Search in Google Scholar
[6. Cho, S., Jong, H., & Chan, H. (2010). Monte Carlo simulation study on dose enhancement by gold nanoparticles in brachytherapy. J. Korean Phys. Soc., 56(6), 1754–1758. DOI: 10.3938/jkps.56.1754.10.3938/jkps.56.1754]Search in Google Scholar
[7. Chow, J. C., Leung, M. K., & Jaffray, D. A. (2012). Monte Carlo simulation on a gold nanoparticle irradiated by electron beams. Phys. Med. Biol., 57(11), 3323–3331. DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/57/11/3323.10.1088/0031-9155/57/11/3323]Search in Google Scholar
[8. Rahman, W. N., Wong, C. J., & Ackerly, T. (2012). Polymer gels impregnated with gold nanoparticles implemented for measurements of radiation does enhancement in synchrotron and conventional radiotherapy type beams. Australas. Phys. Eng. Sci. Med., 35(3), 301–309. DOI: 10.1007/s13246-012-0157-x.10.1007/s13246-012-0157-x]Search in Google Scholar
[9. Rahman, W. N., Bishara, N., & Ackerly, T. (2009). Enhancement of radiation effects by gold nanoparticles for superficial radiation therapy. Nanomedicine, 5(2), 136–142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nano.2009.01.014.]Search in Google Scholar
[10. Jabari, N., & Hashemi, B. (2009). An assessment of the photon contamination due to bremsstrahlung radiation in the electron beams of a Neptun 10PC linac using a Monte Carlo method. Iran. J. Med. Phys., 6(1), 21–32.]Search in Google Scholar
[11. Mahdavi, M., Mahdavi, S. R. M., & Alijanzadeh, H. (2011). Comparing the measurement value of photon contamination absorbed dose in electron beam field for Varian clinical accelerator. IUP J. Phys., 5(3), 7–11.]Search in Google Scholar
[12. Sharma, A. K., Supe, S. S., & Anantha, N. (1995). Physical characteristics of photon and electron beams from a dual energy linear accelerator. Med. Dosim., 20(1), 55–66. DOI: 10.1016/0958-3947(94)00019-F.10.1016/0958-3947(94)00019-F]Search in Google Scholar
[13. Gur, D., Bukovitz, A. G., & Serago, C. (1979). Photon contamination in 8-20-MeV electron beams from a linear accelerator. Med. Phys., 6(2), 145–146. DOI: 10.1118/1.594525.10.1118/1.594525111019]Search in Google Scholar
[14. Bruno, B., Hyodynmaa, S., & Brahme, A. (1997). Quantification of mean energy and photon contamination for accurate dosimetry of high-energy electron beams. Phys. Med. Biol., 42(10), 1849–1873. DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/42/10/001.10.1088/0031-9155/42/10/001]Search in Google Scholar
[15. Bahreyni Toossi, M. T., Ghorbani, M., & Akbari, F. (2013). Monte Carlo modeling of electron modes of a Siemens Primus linac (8, 12 and 14 MeV). J. Radiother. Pract., 12(4), 352–359. DOI: 10.1017/S1460396912000593.10.1017/S1460396912000593]Search in Google Scholar
[16. Reich, P. D. (2008). A theoretical evaluation of transmission dosimetry in 3D conformal radiotherapy. Doctoral dissertation, Adelaide University of Australia. Retrieved 17 March 2015, from https://digital.library.adelaide.edu.au/dspace/bitstream/2440.]Search in Google Scholar
[17. Waters, L. S. (2002). MCNPX User’s Manual, Version 2.4.0. Los Alamos National Laboratory (LACP-02-408).]Search in Google Scholar
[18. ICRU. (1989). Tissue substitutes in radiation dosimetry and measurement. Bethesda, MD: ICRU (ICRU Report No. 44).]Search in Google Scholar
[19. Guidelli, E. J., & Baffa, O. (2014). Influence of photon beam energy on the dose enhancement factor caused by gold and silver nanoparticles: An experimental approach. Med. Phys., 41(3), 032101. DOI: 10.1118/1.4865809.10.1118/1.4865809]Search in Google Scholar
[20. Iwamoto, K. S., Cochran, S. T., & Winter, J. (1987). Radiation dose enhancement therapy with iodine in rabbit VX-2 brain tumors. Radiother. Oncol., 8(2), 161–170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0167-8140(87)80170-6.]Search in Google Scholar
[21. Klein, S., Sommer, A., & Distel, L. (2014). Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles as novel x-ray enhancer for low-dose radiation therapy. J. Phys. Chem. B., 118(23), 6159–6166. DOI: 10.1021/jp5026224.10.1021/jp502622424827589]Search in Google Scholar
[22. Roeske, J. C., Nunez, L., & Hoggarth, M. (2007). Characterization of the theoretical radiation dose enhancement from nanoparticles. Technol. Cancer Res. Treat., 6(5), 395–401.10.1177/15330346070060050417877427]Search in Google Scholar
[23. Kim, J. K., Seo, S. J., & Kim, K. H. (2010). Therapeutic application of metallic nanoparticles combined with particle-induced x-ray emission effect. Nanotechnology, 21(42), 425102. DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/42/425102.10.1088/0957-4484/21/42/42510220858930]Search in Google Scholar
[24. Bakhshabadi, M., Ghorbani, M., & Soleimani Meigooni, A. (2013). Photon activation therapy: a Monte Carlo study on dose enhancement by various sources and activation media. Australas. Phys. Eng. Sci. Med., 36(3), 301–311. DOI: 10.1007/s13246-013-0214-0.10.1007/s13246-013-0214-023934379]Search in Google Scholar
[25. McMahon, S. J., Hyland, W. B., & Muir, M. F. (2011). Biological consequences of nanoscale energy deposition near irradiated heavy atom nanoparticles. Sci. Rep., 1(18), 1–9. DOI: 10.1038/srep00018.10.1038/srep00018321650622355537]Search in Google Scholar
[26. Leung, M. K. K., Chow, J. C. C., & Chithrani, B. (2011). Irradiation of gold nanoparticles by x-rays: Monte Carlo simulation of dose enhancements and the spatial properties of the secondary electrons production. Med. Phys., 38(2), 624–631. DOI: 10.1118/1.3539623.10.1118/1.353962321452700]Search in Google Scholar
[27. Ghorbani, M., Pakravan, D., & Bakhshabadi, M. (2012). Dose enhancement in brachytherapy in the presence of gold nanoparticles: a Monte Carlo study on the size of gold nanoparticles and method of modeling. Nukleonika, 57(3), 401–406.]Search in Google Scholar