<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

The methodology of graph theory has long had applications in mechanics. Graphs allow the simultaneous consideration and synthesis of the structure of a real system and the idealized structure of an equivalent model of a mechanical system. In particular, there are many applications of graph theory in the analysis of automatic transmissions. This paper presents continuing research on applications of game tree graphs in the analysis of automatic transmissions. Black box ideas for dependency graphs are presented. This makes it possible to automatically generate simplified models from given physical models of an automatic transmission and to determine the optimal number of teeth. The developed methodology allows also to perform real-time simulations. In a further stage, the methods of decision logic trees can be applied to analyze the functional diagrams of selected gears.
</abstract>

Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering

The Concept of Dependency Game Tree Graphs as a Black Box in the Analysis of Automatic Transmissions

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

Railway traffic safety is a decisive factor involved in any decision-making process in the railway transport, including the overall weight of cars, i.e., potential overloading. Overloaded rolling stock may cause many serious accidents. The presented article comprises two parts: the theoretical one explores the ways of progressive dynamic weighing of shipment. The practical part took place at Horní Dvořiště railway station, measuring the impact of the dynamic weighing on the decline in vehicular overloading.
</abstract>

Dynamic Weighing to Improve Rail Freight Traffic Safety: A Case Study from the Czech Republic

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

Vehicular emissions have many impacts on human health and travel behaviour. A lot of evidence on the health effects of vehicular emissions is available but very few studies have looked at the impacts on travel behaviour. The current study attempts to fill this research gap by analysing the factors that influence pedestrian travel behaviour concerning vehicle emissions based on travellers’ perceptions in the Indian context. For this, a stated preference questionnaire survey was conducted and a factor-based regression followed by a mediation analysis was used to analyse the responses. Results showed that a person’s perceived impacts about vehicular emissions had a greater impact on their travel behaviour. Public concern and environmental attitude lead to direct changes in travel behaviour whereas vehicle technology and negligent attitude had significant indirect effects. The present study findings are useful to the urban planning policymakers in reducing the impact of vehicular emissions on pedestrians by implementing strategies that lessen human exposure to transport emissions.
</abstract>

Former Post-Graduate Student, Department of Civil Engineering, NIT Warangal

Travellers’ Perception About Vehicular Emissions’ and its Impact on Pedestrian Travel Behaviour

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

Old telecommunication systems are gradually being replaced by a new system that works over IP networks, which is known as voice over internet protocol (VoIP). VoIP has several merits (e.g., very cheap call rate), which make it increasingly popular in the telecommunication world. However, VoIP faces numerous impediments that decelerate its promotion. One of the top impediments is the wasted bandwidth caused by VoIP systems. Numerous methods have been proposed to handle this impediment, including packet aggregation methods. This paper proposes a novel aggregation method, called packet aggregation and carrier header (PA-CH), to reduce the amount of the large bandwidth caused by VoIP. As the name suggests, PA-CH saves in bandwidth by aggregating the packets in a header and using the redundant fields in the packet header to carry a portion of the packet voice data. The performance of the introduced PA-CH method was investigated based on three main metrics, namely, link capacity, allocated bandwidth reduction, and voice data shortening. Simulation results indicate that the proposed PA-CH method outperforms the comparison methods in three factors. For instance, the proposed method’s allocated bandwidth reduction ratio reaches 51% when the number of calls running concurrently reaches 100. Therefore, the proposed PA-CH method achieves its goal of reducing the wasted bandwidth caused by VoIP.
</abstract>

Novel Method of Reducing the Allocated Bandwidth by Voip

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

The carsharing services have become the necessary component of the life of smart and sustainable city. They meet the numerous requirements put forward by these cities concepts and make life in urban environment cleaner, more comfortable and convenient and better organized. The goal of this research is to determine the factors facilitating the demand for the carsharing services, and on the basis of this analysis to consider the costs structure of these companies. The results are obtained via PLS-SEM analyses implementation in SmartPLS-3.3.7 software. The analysis revealed that such factors as Convenience, Additional Values and Economic (saving factors) have positive impact on growth of demand for carsharing services while New Way of Thinking is insignificant. However, the developed Costs function demonstrate that companies assume the costs of promoting “green” effect of carsharing as important ones. If they reduce these types of costs, it will have positive impact on their efficiency without decrease of demand.
</abstract>

Factors Affecting the Growth of Demand on Carsharing Services Within Smart City

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