Volume 13 (2022): Issue 1 (April 2022)

The crisis generated by the coronavirus pandemic has led to many problems related to the optimal management of the teaching act. The topic „Adapting Dâmboviţa educational services to the needs of students in the context of the coronavirus pandemic” is topical and has created many debates and suspicions among the population, especially among those directly involved in education. During the school year 2019-2020, a difficult year, in the field of education there were numerous dysfunctions in the provision of quality educational services online. The study details the measures applied by C.S.I. Dâmbovița in adapting educational services to the needs of students.

The main objective of this paper is to demonstrate the importance of a tool, called in the specialized literature, financial leverage effect, in managerial decision-making process, regarding the way to finance the assets and finding an optimal indebtedness. The research context comes as a result of the recently increase in the inflation rate, at global, European and national level. This fact led the national central banks to revise their monetary policies, mainly through the monetary policy increases interest rate. As a consequence, the commercial banks (which borrow money from the Central or National Bank) grant more expensive loans to commercial companies. Theoretical research on the conceptual approach is complemented by the case study method, whose results show that an increase in the interest rate on loans contracted by the companies, can lead to a decrease in the financial leverage effect value, until reaching even negative values.

The economic reality, under the impact of the pandemic crisis caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has acquired a dimension difficult to anticipate, characterized by an extremely high degree of uncertainty. In order to reduce the negative impact of the uncertainty of the pandemic on economic activity, the state has been forced to intervene by adopting measures to support the business environment, both immediately, in the very short term and in the long term. The challenges for entrepreneurs were innumerable, the business management being under the dominant influence of some disturbing factors coming from the external environment of the economic entities, respectively the epidemiological context from a certain moment. Through this study we aim to make an analysis of the impact, in terms of financial performance, that the support measures adopted by the state had on the decisions of entrepreneurs regarding the continuity of their business. The case study highlights, through a comparative approach, the period before the pandemic versus the pandemic period, the influences on the performance and results recorded by an economic entity in the field of HORECA, one of the most affected areas.

The article discusses the subject of pupils’ attachment to the specialization and the educational institution to which they are enrolled, through the perspective of a double approach: pedagogical and marketing. In both cases, the content of the concept, its role and the means by which it can be supported are presented. At the same time, the theoretical approach is completed by a case study on educational institutions in a locality in Romania, following the way in which the marketing strategy is used to increase the degree of attachment of pupils to these institutions.

The value added tax (VAT) is an indirect tax on consumption, of a general nature, applied to value of economic goods, regardless their final destination, i.e., consumer goods or production means, as well as to the execution of works and providing of services. According to its name, the calculation basis of VAT, paid by the consumer and due by the seller, is the added value related to the last link in the supply chain; this feature ensures the transparency of the tax. VAT is a consumption tax applied to almost all goods and services purchased and sold for use or consumption in the European Union (EU). At Community level, there are standard VAT rules, but their application may differ among countries. In most cases, VAT must be paid for all goods and services at all stages of the supply chain, including sale to the final consumer. Until 1989, Romania applied a single sales tax, followed by the tax on the movement of goods between 1989 and 1992. The latter was replaced by VAT, starting with July 1, 1992, as part of the initial efforts of transition towards the convergence with the applicable tax system within the European context. The introduction of value added tax has determined, in the early stage following the implementation of this measure, the increase of the consumer price index, but later it had a stimulating effect on investments and exports.

The article aims to analyze the reaction of the supreme audit institutions during the two years in which the COVID 19 pandemic affected all the states of the world, given the particularly important role that these institutions play in terms of their specific external public audit activity of public resources.

At the same time, this paper aims to analyze the main lessons learned by INTOSAI, as the umbrella organization of the supreme audit institutions, as well as by the other SAIs individually, at the end of the pandemic, as a unique experience in the last century.

The role of the professional accountant has evolved with the development of accounting science. During this process, the professional accountant should not limit his training to only university courses, as his performance is linked to the continuous development of his skills and knowledge in the field. The current economic context outlines the necessity for a new type of professional accountant, one who is constantly up to date with legislative changes, always ready to implement aid schemes offered by the state, always able to support the business environment affected by the crisis. Considering all these aspects, the objectives of this article are directed towards answering the following questions: Can professional development and coordination by professional bodies prepare the accounting profession for the future? What are the conditions for professional evolution and professional revolution, considering extreme changes? Does personal responsibility for lifelong learning and career development represent necessary conditions for professional evolution? How can the professional evolution of the accountant be supported by professional associations? The methodology of the research is based on approaching the problem both theoretically and practically by studying the literature and analysing the legislation and the application of international standards in the field. A possible result of this article would be the estimation of the extent to which a coordinated professional development should be based on professional training, which triggers the challenges that professional accountants must face, and how professional bodies could intervene in the processes by updating the regulations, determining, thus, successful coordination within uncertain future scenarios.

The topicality and necessity of the topic is motivated by the usefulness and necessity of approaching, from a new perspective, the development of the southeastern region of Romania through some important features in the increasingly challenging era of the prohibitions imposed by COVID 19, some knowledge which tries to answer the increasing complexity of economic and social realities, interactive and innovative approaches, analysis and promotion of the natural and anthropic potential of this tourist area and tourism enterprises, activities accomplished by them and attracting foreign investors, practices made public by managers in the tourism sector. Viewing the statistics on the development and delivery of quality in national and regional tourism, identifying long-term strategies, insufficiently studied, can determine a continuous improvement in the quality of tourism products and services, combined with managerial practices to meet the tourists’ needs, facilitating the growth of the profits. In order to improve the quality of the services in the tourism sector, by training / qualifying the staff, the customer orientation through some tourism promotion and information policy, the conservation and preservation of the sustainable environment, the visualization of managerial practices, methods of investigation, analysis, survey, questionnaire, observation, comparison, being completed more stages: documentation (consultation of representative works in the tourism sector), then the research of some empirical facts (practical reality data), fact which gives the whole approach the character of scientific work. Given the specificity of the data, the Spearman correlation coefficient and the Hi correlation coefficient (x²) were used to analyze the links and correlations between different items and different variables related to the sample, to validate the research hypotheses.

In the context of the internationalization of the labor market, the countries around the world have begun to focus on developing and implementing education policies that ensure the quality, coherence and equity of tertiary education. The main objective of this study is to identify and analyze the place of Romania between 35 European countries and Turkey, in terms of tertiary education. Cluster analysis has been used to achieve this goal, and the results indicate similarities and disparities between the countries analyzed. This article can be a reflection for decision-makers in the development of a skilled workforce..

The study analyses the main predominant factors affecting the revenues and expenditures of the EU budget for 2020-2027 and the position of Romania as an EU Member State on flows to EU challenges: flow of problems, flow of challenges and flows of Member States’ interests.