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<bold>Introduction</bold>. The systemic vulnerability that teachers experience is influenced from pressures arising from ecological environments originally described by Bronfenbrenner (1979). The pressure on teachers has its peculiarities in countries with a totalitarian past and without it. Regardless of cultural context, pressure effects many teachers’ ability to be comfortable with the demands of their daily tasks, and their willingness to feel proud of their profession. Therefore, identifying factors of systemic vulnerability of teachers in different contexts and levels of social environment is relevant.
<bold>The aim</bold> of the study is to evaluate publications that reveal systemic factors of schoolteachers’ vulnerability with the help of Scoping review.
<bold>Methodology</bold>. Initially, 4,810 publications from four databases (Scopus, ERIC EBSCO, PsycINFO, and Web of Science) were involved. At the stage of full texts’ analysis 22 articles were considered. The research presents a wide range of geographical regions, which indicates the degree of generalization in conclusions about the sources of systemic pressure on teachers in different countries.
<bold>Results</bold>. In this article, for the first time, the factors of systemic vulnerability of teachers at the micro-, meso- and macro-levels of social environment are highlighted. Societal and cultural expectations are the biggest sources of pressure on the macro-level. Pressures on the macro-level may affect the micro-level, that is, for the psychological well-being of teachers, since they themselves are a part of the cultural and societal systems. This can contribute to “self-imposed” pressure by teachers that has not been the focus of research until now. Parents and the school environment are the biggest sources of pressure on teachers at the meso-level. Much of the conflict between parents and teachers is stimulated by opposing views of what a ‘good education’ means. Government overregulation of work conditions, requirement to maintain responsibilities other than teaching, pressure from administrators, insufficient levels of wages and resources of the education system, heavy school workload, insufficiently developed curriculum are sources of systemic pressure on teachers. Lack of public control over school administration’ decision-making and lack of autonomy of educational institutions correlates with political and governmental pressures. Burdensome governmental pressure whether due to reform, policy change, or cultural expectations related to political past forms the social representation of the teacher as having a low professional status, as well as social ideas about mismatch between teacher actions and the expectations of society. The great consensus of research on the sources of systemic vulnerability extends to the countries of Eastern Europe and China that were associated with totalitarianism, as well as to the countries of Western Europe with a strong democratic tradition. Since pay is a determinant of social status, the substantially lower salaries of teachers in Eastern Europe than in Western Europe may be a driving factor behind the prevailing negative perception of their status among Eastern European teachers. The lack of clear differences between factors that cause vulnerability of teachers beyond pay may be explained by the international decline of the status of the teaching profession.
<bold>The limitations of this study</bold> are the lack of publications on systemic pressure on teachers at the micro-level and on pressure relief factors.
<bold>Social consequences and practical significance</bold>. The policies to mitigate systemic vulnerability will need to be highly contextualized. Research questions that reveal meso- and macro-level factors can be used for re-Scoping Review, as they point to teachers’ systemic vulnerability.
<bold>Future work</bold>. Future research should focus on ways that parent teacher relationships can be strengthened to a point of healthy co-addiction
</abstract>

Systemic Vulnerability of Schoolteachers: A Scoping Review to Compare the Systemic Pressures Faced by Teachers in Countries with and without a Totalitarian Past

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<bold>Introduction</bold>. Political neuroimaging is an emerging field investigating neurological roots of political behavior, while many brain imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and functional MRI provide quantifiable information. However, the literature is scarce on its practical applications in political sciences since it’s unclear how it impacts political sciences. Put it simply, how the developments in neuroimaging can be used as a tool in politics, especially to monitor and assess their decision-making related to criminal acts such as corruption, is unclear. In addition, there are potential ethical limitations preventing investigators from using brain imaging to evaluate and monitor the behavior of politicians.
<bold>The aim</bold> of the study was to discuss the potential role of neuroimaging as a political tool. Neuroimaging tools can help us demonstrate specific abnormal behavior associated with politically unethical behavior, such as corruption or deceptive behavior. However, documenting brain imaging findings specific to such deviant behavior may be challenging. Here, we suggest that the practical use of political neuroimaging can improve transparency in the political field. It can be recommended to analyze and have insights into the decision-making process of politicians. Furthermore, neurofeedback tools such as electroencephalography can be used to improve politicians’ decision-making.
<bold>Methodology</bold>. This study is not a systematic review as the literature is not wide on neuroimaging as a political tool. We have used Google Scholar to search relevant articles to provide background to support it.
<bold>Review and Discussion.</bold> In this study, we have speculated on the potential of measuring politically inappropriate behavior such as corruption and deceptive conduct. To investigate it, we have discussed measuring psychological stability before and after being a politician. More studies are needed to help politicians have stable psychology and improve their decision-making. Therefore, it may help to improve productivity. However, some many confounding factors and limitations prevent achieving such a goal.
<bold>Conclusion</bold>. In conclusion, political neuroimaging can be used to create beneficial tools to improve and ensure the psychological stability of politicians. However, it is controversial how it can be implemented to assess the political behavior of politicians. Thereby, more studies are needed to elucidate the decision-making process related to politicians’ decision-making. Such advanced tools can help select better politicians and improve their decision-making by providing feedback
</abstract>

Potential use of Neuroimaging as a Tool to Monitor Brain Imaging Changes in Politicians Related to Unethical Decision Making

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The article substantiates the resources of social interaction “teacher – student” in preventing the crisis of motivation in student learning and highlights areas for improvement. To study the motivation of the modern student youth, the author used methods for determining learning motives (modified by A.A. Rean, V.A. Yakunin), methods for diagnosing the internal motivation for learning (T.D. Dubovytska), method “Value Orientations” (M. Rokeach), method “SAMOAL”, author’s questionnaire “I master the profession”. In the process of analysis of the obtained results, the methods of descriptive statistics were used: determination of average values and frequency analysis Conclusions based on the results of an empirical study of learning motivation are presented. Key aspects of the theory of motivation and factors of motivation of the person to educational activity are noted. It is noted that the interaction of a teacher and the students is a situational factor motivating educational activities, it is able to actualize a significant number of learning motives, to ensure the effectiveness of procedural and effective component. The author claims that in the interaction of a teacher with the students there is a wide range of opportunities to ensure positive flow experiences of both parties. Among them - the ability to meet the needs of students in security (by forming readiness for adult independent life: mastering the profession, a sense of support from others), respect and self-esteem (by forming competencies and awareness), self-actualization and self-realization (by ensuring individual choices, interests) in educational activities. The components of social interaction of teachers with students aimed at maintaining the motivation of learning and prevention of the crisis of motivation are offered. The program of seminars-trainings for scientific and pedagogical workers of the universities is described, which provides elaboration of various aspects of interaction with students, important for maintaining their motivation for educational activity. Limitations: the article contains the results of a study of student motivation conducted by the author before the pandemic, which could make adjustments to the prevailing motives for learning; signs of crisis of learning motivation and risks of its occurrence are described according to the teaching experience of the author and colleagues, no data were collected on the spectrum of their manifestation and frequency in a representative sample; the conclusion about the resources of social interaction “teacher – student” in preventing the crisis of learning motivation is based on a theoretical understanding of the problem of motivating individuals to work and requires further long-term and thorough research to obtain more specific data.
</abstract>

Social Interaction as a Factor of Preventing the Crisis of Motivation in Student Learning

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The article aims to problematize the congruence of a political leader to build trusting relationships with followers and form more realistic approaches to solving urgent tasks on the national and global agenda.
<bold>Approach</bold>. In the person-centered approach, congruence appears when an individual’s internal and external experiences and symbolizations are one. In modern leadership theories, congruence is one of the three basic traits of a “good leader”. It means the ability to establish deep, meaningful relationships with followers based on the closeness of lifestyle. Finally, in political science, congruence is understood as the conformity of the leader’s position to the followers’ attitudes, expectations, and actions. Conformity of the patterns of power-subordinate relations is of particular importance. The requirement of congruence, which is relevant for a political leader at the intra- and inter-subject levels, creates a conflict of congruence.
<bold>Results.</bold> The author describes two basic types of conflict resolution by a political leader that can lead to destructive consequences for political stability and public trust: incongruence of expression and experience. The author outlines the principles and conditions for a more constructive resolution of the conflict of congruences.
<bold>Conclusions and prospects for further research.</bold> Despite some limitations in applying congruence to political leadership, the human-centered approach opens up some perspectives in resolving dilemmas between private and public imperatives, which now remain a source of political conflict with systemic negative consequences for the stability and effectiveness of political systems. The urgent task of modern politics is to abandon rigid, destructive ways of resolving the conflict of congruences in favor of more flexible, conscious, and responsible approaches.
</abstract>

Congruence of a Political Leader: Problemization in a Person-Centered Approach

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The results of theoretical substantiation, practical development and testing of a multidisciplinary approach to deconstruction of stereotypes in the development of training programs aimed at improving mutual understanding and trust between the National Police and Roma communities to establish cooperation in security and crimes prevention issues are presented. The multidisciplinary approach was developed and tested within two projects implemented by the International Charitable Organization “Roma women fund “Chiricli” in 2019 and the NGO “Roma Human Rights Center” in 2021 in partnership with the Human Rights Department of the National Police of Ukraine. The overall goal of the projects was to ensure security, justice and attention to the needs of the Roma using practical measures that meet human rights standards; to establish a dialogue and mutual trust between police officers and Roma. Implementation of a multidisciplinary approach was based on the principles of adult education, which involve students in interpersonal interaction, activation of their critical thinking by turning to their own professional and personal experience; providing the necessary information on the mechanisms of ethnic and professional stereotypes, given the achievements of social and criminal psychology, research in the field of “poverty culture”, Roma mentality, ethnogenesis, cultural traditions and lifestyle as a way to preserve Roma identity as a traditional culture. Participants were also provided with information on current human rights issues, European standards of policing in the fight against hate crimes, and historical reasons of international attention to the rights of this group as a population that has repeatedly suffered from discrimination and genocide. The developed approach proved its effectiveness during the practical testing. It was also demonstrated that police officers’ lack of prejudice and stereotypical attitudes towards Roma and their understanding of Roma traditions, cultural characteristics and worldviews are a prerequisite for successful cooperation within the existing legal framework on security and crime prevention.
</abstract>

The use of Multidisciplinary approach to Deconstruction of Stereotypes as a Component of Training Programs aimed at Establishing Cooperation between National Police Officers and Roma

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<bold>Introduction.</bold> COVID-19 outbreak has changed human life and activity [1], especially in urban areas forcing citizens to stay for large periods of time in lockdowns. Protective measures (social distancing and isolation) that have been globally implemented has caused the isolation of millions. Preliminary findings (Moreno et al, 2021) suggest adverse mental health effects in previously healthy people and especially in people with pre-existing mental health disorders. Extended lockdowns come at the expense of mental health, psychophysical conditions, wellbeing, and social relations within societies (Campion et al., 2020).
Before COVID-19 outbreak, city centers offered a high-quality life with a wide range of services, utilities, public and green spaces, as well as city parks (Sharifi &amp; Khavarian- Garmsird, 2020). Living in a small apartment with a minimal private space in the city center was balanced by the high level of socialization in public spaces, outdoor activities and events, intense interactions among inhabitants, allowing them to maintain relations (Portegijs et al., 2021). With COVID-19 outbreak, this modern urban standard of living was challenged. Social distancing took place at several levels: at home and at work, and, in the city, in the street and on public transport. Everything created for urban life changed and became uncertain. Societies got used to sharing common spaces, often crowded, and everyone was cut off from everyday socialisation. The isolation forced millions of individuals and families to remain at home, causing them to change their routines, rituals, and habits (McCay, 2020). In dense urban areas, this mostly meant locking people in cramped apartments, cut off from everyday physical activity outside the home (Portegijs et al, 2021; Bil et al, 2021).
Smart cities are instrumented, interconnected, and intelligent urban areas (Harrison et al., 2010) that pursue shared growth through an integrated set of technologies that shape interactions between actors (Nam &amp; Pardo, 2011). A smart city can be defined as complex set of technology (infrastructures of hardware and software), people (creativity, diversity, and education), and institutions (governance and policy) (Nam &amp; Pardo, 2011). Smart cities aim is to create an environment that drives innovation from a technological, managerial, and organizational point of view by fostering environmental and social wellbeing (Karvonen et al., 2018; Polese et al., 2021].
<bold>The aim</bold> of this study is the literature review of the role of technology for citizens mental health during Covid-19 pandemic lockdowns in Smart Cities and to investigate if there is a relation between digital tools provided to the citizens of Pafos Municipality to use during quarantine, and their mental health status.
<bold>Methodology\design\approach.</bold> A review of the literature and an additional critical review were conducted in the fields of smart cities and mental health with a focus on the latest research concerning COVID-19 influence on ICT, mental health and wellbeing. For the purposes of this article, a thorough database search has been made. The database used was mostly Google Scholar and Science Direct. Selection criteria included full-text publications and consisted of the following keywords: COVID-19, post-COVID-19, mental health, wellbeing, lockdown, isolation, anxiety, infection rates, density, smart city, digital technology, ICT and Virtual Reality. Author focused on qualitative research available until April 2022.
Further than this, field research was conducted through a qualitative method in the particular case of Paphos Municipality in Cyprus, the introduction of various ICT technology solutions during the pandemic lockdowns and their impact on citizens mental health. ICT tools were briefly analyzed and their contributions towards citizens mental health was evaluated based on questionnaires distributed to the citizens before and after the use of these tools. Now the key question that needs an answer is “Did smart cities impact on citizens mental health during the pandemic?”
During the pandemic, Pafos Municipality introduced to its citizens various ICT solutions that despite initially they were targeting foreign tourists visiting the district, they ended up as entertainment tools that ease the lockdown period during the quarantine phase. As part of the E.U. co-funded by European Union program “Smart Cities – Interreg: Greece – Cyprus” the municipality implemented the “Collection, Documentation and Digitization of Cultural and Tourist material, Development of Digital Tourism / Culture and Entrepreneurship Platform and Development of digital applications of e-democracy and participation in the Municipality of Pafos” project. The result of this project was the creation of 3 websites: 1. Explore Pafos <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="https://www.explorepafos.org/">https://www.explorepafos.org/</ext-link> with multimedia information (text, photos, videos, 360-pictures, interactive map with points of interest etc.) about the province’s major points of interest sorted by category: Culture, Environment, Tourism and Services. 2. Historical Timeline <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="https://xronologio.explorepafos.org/">https://xronologio.explorepafos.org/</ext-link> with information about the history of the city in a chronological order. 3. Electronic Participation <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="https://diavouleusi.explorepafos.org/">https://diavouleusi.explorepafos.org/</ext-link> offering User Registration, Consultation, Online Citizens Community (forum), Civil Council Decisions, Online Polls, News and Announcements. Further than these 2 mobile applications for iOS and Android devices were developed, Explore Pafos with various important information about the city of Pafos and Pafos AR which contain Augmented Reality representation of various significant cultural and historical sightseeing in the district. The websites and mobile applications were available in 5 languages (Greek, English, Russian, Hebrew and German).
These platforms were presented to the citizens of Pafos Municipality on the 27th of February 2020, slightly earlier than the first lockdown. After the first strict lockdown, the administrators of the website reported a significant increase in the traffic of the website among local citizens compared to pre-pandemic. This led the creators of the platforms among which is the author of this article to provide online questionnaires to people using the digital platforms on their leisure time during COVID-19 lockdowns to answer various questions regarding the impact of these digital tools in their mental health status during COVID-19 lockdown.
A questionnaire containing 5-point Likert scale questions and questions about qualitative and quantitative use of the ICT tools and their mental health during COVID-19 lockdowns was completed by citizens of Pafos Municipality.
Due to this study objective, two main criteria were established for sample selection. First, respondents should be citizens of Pafos Municipality from various areas over at least the past 5 years. Additionally, respondents must have been present during COVID-19 outbreak and lockdowns in the city. To verify this criterion, an initial survey question asked whether respondents were staying in the city during the COVID-19 outbreak.
The questionnaire was constructed in three parts. Its first one aimed at collecting descriptive variables (demographic information) of respondents’ location, and professional profile. The second part asked citizens about their mental health status before and after COVID-19 outbreak and lockdowns. Each question was assessed according to a 5-point Likert scale (1 referred to ‘not used’ and 5 denoted ‘fully used’). The last section of the questionnaire examined the adoption level of the ICT tools introduced by the Municipality as supporting tools for their mental status during the COVID-19 outbreak. For that, all 6 ICT tools were listed and evaluated based upon a similar Likert scale that ranged from 1 (not used) to 5 (fully used).
<bold>Results.</bold> The online questionnaire had its link firstly sent by e-mail to 480 citizens that registered in the platform in December 2020. A follow-up message was sent two weeks later. 215 responses returned but only 206 of them were actually from citizens that met our selection criteria, which resulted in 42.9% valid response rate,
For analyzing data, two distinctive procedures were carried out using the SPSS® Statistics 23 software to identify differences in levels of each characteristic related to ICT tools, device available (PC, mobile phone, tablet), and content (Cultural, Environmental, Social, Multimedia Content) when considering the degree of how they impact their mental health during COVID-19 lockdowns.
Our respondents were half men and half women. Moreover, 10% are aged between 20 and 25, 34% between 26 and 35, 36% between 36 and 45, 14% in the interval of 46 till 55 and only 6% are older than 55. 36% are single, 59% being married and almost 5% under another non-defined situation. Most respondents were living in a house (56%), with their family (54%), and had 1 or more kids (44%). 75% of the respondents mentioned that they use more often their mobile/laptops to access the internet compared to before. The majority of respondents (62%) mentioned that they used ICT tools provide 1 or more times per week to remind them of their daily habits while 56% mentioned that they used the platforms to navigate at their favorite place at least once. The largest majority (82%) accessed the services from their mobile phone while the smallest percent (12% accessed the services from their PC/Laptop. Regarding COVID-19 lockdowns, 86% stated that it is very stressful to stay at home in another lockdown while 36% said they wouldn’t comply if they were forced to stay at home in another lockdown. 65% mentioned that they found the ICT tools useful to keep them mentally active and 72% mentioned that they wouldn’t be able to stay in quarantine without access to internet. 68% of the people using the platforms declared that using the platforms helped to remain mentally active during the quarantine and 70% said they would use the platforms again in case there is a new lockdown.
<bold>Discussion.</bold> The present work was done having as basis 206 questionnaires applied to citizens of a Municipality in Cyprus, namely Pafos Municipality, in order to assess citizens mental health during lockdowns, and the impact of the use of ICT tools for their mental health. The survey collected data from 3 sections, namely demographics, mental health status before and after the COVID-19 pandemic and ICT tools usage during the lockdowns. The average respondents’ sample shows that our interviewees are aged between 26 and 45 years old, half are men and the other women, married, qualified with college education. Citizens living in smaller apartments accessed the platforms more times per week compared to people living in the rural areas in houses and their conceived percentage of ICT tools contribution towards their mental health was higher compared to people leaving in rural areas. Citizens’ inclusion and digital literacy are relevant issues that were affecting the use of ICT tools that do not apply only to urban contexts and should be addressed to solve societal, economic, technological, and political problems worldwide. COVID-19 restrictions and lockdown increased people’s acceptance and use of ICT solutions.
Other studies are in line with the above findings (Troisi et al., 2022) where their key theoretical contribution of their study is the building of a framework that detects the main psychological, rational, social, and cultural determinants that can foster or prevent the acceptance of the changes forced by the pandemic, the adhesion to digitalization, and the transactional distance processes launched in the public sectors. These results are more evident in vulnerable groups (Dai et al., 2020; Ammar et al., 2021) which will require further development and usage of e-health solutions.
Finally, two other studies targeting different populations investigated the effectiveness of interventions by considering, as primary outcomes, not mental illness indicators (e.g., depression and anxiety symptoms), but positive mental health indicators (positive affect and positive mental health). Vara et al. (2020) provided us with a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial that assessed the efficacy of a low-intensity internet intervention aimed to promote positive affect in depressive patients in primary care, as an adjunct therapy to improved treatment as usual (Fonseca &amp; Osma, 2021).
<bold>Scientific value / practical value.</bold> Another report (Fonseca &amp; Osma, 2021) highlighted the urgent need for research to help improve our understanding of the pandemic’s mental health consequences on the general public (Mahase, 2020). In order to help characterize the psychosocial effects of the COVID19 crisis as well as the moderators of these effects, a research group launched a multi-language, multi-center anonymous online survey to assess the “Effects of home Confinement on psychosocial health status and multiple Lifestyle Behaviors” during the COVID-19 outbreak. Preliminary findings from this project revealed that the COVID-19 home confinement resulted in significant negative effects on mental wellbeing and emotional status, with more people experiencing psychosocial and emotional distress compared to before the pandemic (Ammar at al. 2020; Ammar et al, 2021a; Fonseca &amp; Osma, 2021). This research results highlight the importance of introducing ICT tools to provide a virtual tour of citizens to their favorite city spots and remain mentally active during quarantine period.
<bold>Conclusions.</bold> ICT tools offer citizens the opportunity to remember their pre COVID-19 lockdown habits as highlighted in this article and they contribute towards the improvement of their mental health during quarantine. This study aimed at (i) identifying wither ICT tools use increased during COVID-19 outbreak; (ii) investigating the effect of the tools use and the impact on mental health of their users; and (iii) examining the relationship between the adoption of ICT tools and the demographics of citizens using them most during COVID-19 outbreak. Our findings provided arguments to answer these three research questions raised from existing gaps in both theory and practice.
</abstract>

Mental Health in Smart Cities: The Role of Technology during COVID-19 Pandemic

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The article reveals the methodological potential of the cosmopolitan approach to the study of collective memory as one of the main prerequisites for the formation of group identity and identification of the foundations for the formation of global memory. For this purpose, the civilizational approach of S. Huntington, the paradigmatic approach of J. Heidt and the methodological apparatus of memory studies with its inherent intention to the problem of forming a group identity are used. These methodological tools helped to explain the whole spectrum of modern civilizational transformations and provided an impartial view of the sources of aggressive policy of russia towards Ukraine’s European choice and entire Western civilization. In view of this, the results of the study can be useful for developing a humanitarian policy appropriate to Ukraine’s European choice, in particular, for elaboration of a strategy for the development of Ukrainian memory policy. It must be developed taking into account the ultimate importance of global (universal) memory for overcoming international conflicts for the sake of peace and prosperity of all mankind and understanding the problematic nature of its emergence in the near future due to civilizational differences and economic inequality. Given this, it is important to the modern world to form supranational communities, whose members being aware of the decentralized nature of global processes and the risks involved will focus on creating a system of interstate mechanisms to overcome turbulence to preserve peace and increase human well-being. Despite the noble intentions of the supporters of the cosmopolitan world based on the principles of liberal democracy, their ideas and programs are discern with great caution, and sometimes even with open hostility in cultural environments and communities with different from European collective experience and historical memory. This, in turn, puts on the list of items the need to unite the entire Western world and construct a supranational pan-European identity as a prerequisite for the internal consolidation of European society around core values defined by shared historical memories that underpins European international policy.
</abstract>

Memorial Communities in the Global World

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<bold>Introduction.</bold> According to scientific data, unemployed, lonely and students are most prone to procrastination. And what about teachers, in particular, higher education institutions? There is not enough data in the available literature. As practice shows, in the case of teachers, procrastination or postponement can manifest itself in the form of stress caused by failure to fully realize goals and plans vital to the individual. Negative consequences are expressed both in reduced work capacity and in acute emotional experiences of one’s own failure, dissatisfaction with the results of one’s work.
<bold>The aim of the study</bold> was to investigate and evaluate the level of anxiety, depression and the nature of manifestations of procrastination among teachers of the Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University during the period of altered psycho-emotional state during forced social distancing in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on social functioning and quality of life.
<bold>Materials and methods</bold>: The survey was voluntary and anonymous. The research was approved by the Bioethics Committee of Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University and conducted according to the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. We used two clinical test methods to identify emotional disturbances: the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) (Zigmond A.S. et.al.,1983; Svanborg P., 2001). In order to assess the degree of expressiveness of the propensity to postpone matters “for later” among the surveyed teachers, we created a special Google questionnaire created on the basis of data. “Questionnaire to study the propensity of the individual to procrastination” (Shivari, O.A., 2015), which is a modification of the “General Procrastination Scale” (Lay, C., 1986) and consists of two scales: “Personally conditioned procrastination scale” (Scale I) and “Situationally conditioned procrastination scale” (Scale II). Scale I indicates the general level of procrastination and Scale II -motivational procrastination, its high indicators suggest that the questionnaire will perform some work only in the presence of motivation. In addition, in order to assess the quality of life, the data of “The Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire - Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF)’ were evaluated. (Endicott J; Rapaport MH; Clary C; Fayyad R). The statistical analysis of the results was performed using STATISTICA 7.0 software packages and the package of statistical functions of Microsoft Excel.
<bold>Results and discussion:</bold> Were interviewed 214 teachers of various departments of the Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University: 174 (81.6%) women, 40 (18.6%) - men. 58 interviewees (27.1%) worked at theoretical departments, 156 (72.9%) – at clinical departments. The analysis of the results of the survey according to the “Personally conditioned procrastination scale” showed that 32 (14.9%) of the teachers interviewed by us have had a low, 96 (44.8%) - medium, and 86 (40.3%) - a high level of personal tendency to procrastination. Data of “Situationally conditioned procrastination scale” showed that 54 (25.2%) have had a low level of situational procrastination, 76 (35.5%) - medium and 84 (39.3%) - high, respectively. Based on the results of the survey on the HADS scale, a normal level of anxiety-depressive symptoms (0–7 points on a scale) was found in 9 (15.5%) workers from the theoretical departments and in 52 (33.3%) - clinical departments. According to the data of the conducted questionnaire according “The Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire - Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF)”, the least satisfied respondents were by daily functioning, present depressed mood, inability to perform housework efficiently and to spend leisure time interestingly, engage in hobbies or even perform professional duties.
<bold>Conclusions.</bold> The complex of research methods made it possible to comprehensively consider procrastination as a model of the behavior of the subjects and to determine the factors influencing its occurrence during the period of changes in the psycho-emotional state caused by forced distancing in connection with the Covid-19 pandemic and to study the relationship of procrastination with the level of quality of life (from the point of view of satisfaction and enjoyment of life). The main reasons for procrastination were dominated by: lack of motivation to work; stress, as a result of uncertainty and fear of the future; laziness; limited “live” communication and an excess of virtual, external distractions. It is noteworthy that among teachers this phenomenon is not limited to academic procrastination, in most cases everything is fine in this cluster, but more often it extends to homework, interpersonal communication, social and personal life. Attention is drawn to the fact that among teachers this phenomenon is not strictly limited to academic procrastination, but extends to household tasks, interpersonal communication, social and private life.
</abstract>

The Nature of the Manifestation of Procrastination among Medical University Teachers during the Period of Altered Psycho-Emotional State During Forsed Social Distancing due to the COVID-19 Pandemic and its impact on the Quality of Life

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<bold>Іntroduction</bold>, Аctivity and involvement in a public organization can significantly change a young person’s outlook and accelerate his future career growth and life success. The development of his life strategies depends on the resources he accumulates as a member of a youth organization and the created relationships being a member of those organizations.
The article’s <bold>purpose</bold> is theoretical and empirical substantiation of the generation features, conversion, and use of social capital in implementing life strategies by young people based on their membership in youth public organizations.
<bold>Мethodology</bold>. Using the method of in-depth interviews, an empirical study of the peculiarities of the acquisition and influence of the accumulated social capital by members of youth public organizations on the construction of their life strategies. The author defines life strategies as behavioural orientations based on life ideas, goals, and demands, formed under the influence of public activity in youth public organizations.
<bold>Results.</bold> Based on in-depth interviews conducted within the study’s framework, an authors’ typology of life strategies was proposed for former youth public organizations members in Lviv. In particular, social-, business-, management-, political-, and religious-oriented types of life strategies were highlighted and described.
<bold>С</bold><bold>onclusions.</bold> The conducted theoretical and empirical analysis of the capital generation process of youth public organizations and the possibilities of using this resource by their current and former members in the construction of life strategies allowed us to characterize the social capital of youth as a significant and necessary factor in the development of civil society. It’s important to outline the key directions of its development: establishing social relations, ties, and contacts; forming conditions for the development of relations based on trust; encouraging and stimulating cooperation, etc.
The further perspective of the study consists of identifying factors that prevent the transition of the individual social capital level of public organizations members into the organization’s social capital.
</abstract>

Малопольська школа державного управління Краківського економічного університету

Національний університет «Львівська політехніка»

Practices of using Social Capital in the Life Strategies Implementation of Youth Public Organization Members

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The article is devoted to the problems of political leadership and its moral and value aspects. Some technologies of creating of a political leader image and moral assessment of his activities in terms of impact on public consciousness are analyzed. The need to take into account certain difficulties in studying the phenomenon of political leadership, namely the lack of a comprehensive theory of political leadership, institutional, behavioral, value, historical, economic, moral factors, as well as significant changes in political leaders’ use of information and communication technologies is emphasized. The author believes that in order to create and establish their positive image of power, political leaders are willing to use certain archetypes, including the archetype of the Hero. At the same time, political myths the main characters of which are heroes such as savior, creator, messiah and others are gaining popularity. The political image of putin as an antihero, a trickster is analyzed in terms of morality and universal values. In the current conditions of war, putin and putin’s russia are seen as a World Evil, thus increasing the responsibility not only of political leaders, but also of every single citizen. Emphasis is placed on the emergence of a new term “rashism” (simplification from “russian fascism”), which is gradually becoming a political ideology of putin’s russia. Examples of putin’s using of so-called gaslighting, such as spreading false information, denying obvious arguments and facts, accusing everyone of lying, and so on, are considered. The problems to be solved in Ukraine after the war with russia are outlined.
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From the Thirst of Power to Moral Impoverishment

AHEAD OF PRINT

Volume 49 (2022): Issue 52 (June 2022)

Scientific Studios on Social and Political Psychology

The journal was founded in 1995 by the initiative of Mykola Slyusarevsky, Director of the Scientific-Practical Center for Political Psychology which was the only one at that time in Ukraine. The first three issues presented the results of the most important theoretical and empirical studies of the Center and were released under the title “Scientific Studios on Political Psychology”. From the fourth issue, the journal received the current name and covered a wider range of studies. From its founding until 2019 the journal published 1057 articles of 471 authors.   Today the journal accepts theoretical, methodological, and empirical articles from all over Ukraine and from abroad by the following sections:    Theoretical-Methodological Basics of Social and Political Psychology  Socio-Psychological Problems of Transformational Processes in Ukrainian Society  Psychological Problems of Crisis Phenomena in Public Life  Social Psychology of Personality  Psychology of Masses and Communities  Psychology of Groups and Interpersonal Relations  Historic and Ethnic Psychology  Psychology of Communication  Family Psychology  Media Psychology and Media Education  Problems of Education in Social and Political Dimensions  Information Processes and Socio-Psychological Technologies  Psychology of War and Peace  Forum on Socio-Psychological Issues   Archiving  Sciendo archives the contents of this journal in Portico - digital long-term preservation service of scholarly books, journals and collections.  Plagiarism Policy  The editorial board is participating in a growing community of Similarity Check System's users in order to ensure that the content published is original and trustworthy. Similarity Check is a medium that allows for comprehensive manuscripts screening, aimed to eliminate plagiarism and provide a high standard and quality peer-review process. 