Unfolding Ariadne’s thread in the scientific publications’ labyrinth

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><sec id="j_fco-2018-0001_s_006_w2aab3b7ab1b6b1aab1c17b1Aa"><h3>Objective</h3><p>Evaluate outcome of paediatric malignant bone tumours at Ain Shams University, Egypt, from January 2003 to July 2016.</p></sec><sec id="j_fco-2018-0001_s_007_w2aab3b7ab1b6b1aab1c17b2Aa"><h3>Methods</h3><p>Retrospective data analysis regarding clinico-epidemiological aspects, treatment outcomes, survival analysis and musculoskeletal tumour society score (MSTS score).</p></sec><sec id="j_fco-2018-0001_s_008_w2aab3b7ab1b6b1aab1c17b3Aa"><h3>Results</h3><p>The study included 37 patients; 22 had Ewing sarcoma (ES) and 15 had osteosarcoma, male: female ratio 0.85:1, median ages of 11. The overall frequency was 2.3% among all cancers. There is wide range of time lag until diagnosis. Patients with ES were significantly younger than those with osteosarcoma were. Swelling was the most common presenting symptom and femur was the most common affected site. Fifteen patients fulfilled MSTS criteria; most of them had excellent MSTS score, which significantly affected by type of surgery. ES patients were treated with POG#9354/CCG#7942 protocols and osteosarcoma with CCG#7921 protocol. Limb salvage was the most common type for surgical local control. Most common cause of death was relapse, whereas infection was the most common complication of treatment. 1-year, 2-year, 3-year overall-survival of osteosarcoma were 93.3%, 40%, and 13.3% respectively and 77.3%, 40.9%, and 18.2% respectively for ES. 1-year, 2-year, 3-year event-free-survival were 80%, 40%, and 13.3% respectively and 72.7%, 22.7%, and 18.2% respectively for ES patients.</p></sec><sec id="j_fco-2018-0001_s_009_w2aab3b7ab1b6b1aab1c17b4Aa"><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Although survival rates for malignant bone tumours are still unsatisfactory, the functional outcome of extremity tumours after limb salvage procedures is promising</p></sec></abstract>

Functional And Survival Outcome Of Egyptian Children And Adolescents With Malignant Bone Tumors: An Experience In A Setting Of Limited Health Resource

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Sarcomas are mesenchymal malignant tumors with poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Hippo pathway is a recently discovered pathway normally involved in organ development and wound healing. Hippo signaling is often altered in solid tumors. The molecular elements of Hippo signaling include MST1/2 and LATS1/2 kinases which phosphorylate and regulate the activity of YAP and TAZ co-transcriptional activators. Hippo pathway cross-talks with several molecular pathways with known oncogenic function. In sarcomas Hippo signaling plays a pivotal role in tumorigenesis, evolution and resistance in chemotherapy regimens. Targeting Hippo pathway could potentially improve prognosis and outcome of sarcoma patients.</p></abstract>

Clinical and biological implications of Hippo pathway dysregulation in sarcomas

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><sec id="j_fco-2018-0004_s_006_w2aab3b7b2b1b6b1aab1c18b1Aa"><h3>Background</h3><p>Can learning outcomes be transformed in useful tools revealing strong and weak learning outcomes, learners, teachers; reporting student self-assessment overestimation; informing formative feedback and summative examinations?</p></sec><sec id="j_fco-2018-0004_s_007_w2aab3b7b2b1b6b1aab1c18b2Aa"><h3>Methods</h3><p>Based on the ESMO / ASCO global curriculum, 66 level-two learning outcomes were identified and transformed in the <italic>iCAN!-Oncology</italic> and <italic>theyCAN!-Oncology</italic> questionnaires, anonymously completed online, before and after teaching, by trainees and trainers respectively, in a five-day fulltime undergraduate oncology course.</p></sec><sec id="j_fco-2018-0004_s_008_w2aab3b7b2b1b6b1aab1c18b3Aa"><h3>Results</h3><p>In total, students assessed themselves (<italic>iCAN!</italic>) with 55% before and 70% after the course (27% improvement); teachers assessed students (<italic>theyCAN!</italic>) with 43% before and 69% after (60% improvement). Twenty level-two learning outcomes (30%) were scored below the pass / fail cut-point by students while 46 (70%) by teachers, before the course; none after the course. Students assessed themselves the highest in “TNM system” before (81%) and after (82%), while the teachers assessed students so in “Normal cell biology” before (72%) and “Moral / ethical issues in clinical research” after (83%). The lowest assessed outcome was the “Research protocol” by students (28%) and teachers (18%) before, and the “Anticancer agents” after (54% by both). Individual students self-assessed themselves from 31% to 88% before, and from 54% to 88% after; individual teachers assessed students from 29% to 66% before, and from 55% to 94% after. The <italic>iCAN! / theyCAN!</italic> provided detailed individual student or teacher profile, tightfisted or generous.</p></sec><sec id="j_fco-2018-0004_s_009_w2aab3b7b2b1b6b1aab1c18b4Aa"><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The <italic>iCAN!</italic> / <italic>theyCAN!</italic> differentiate strong and weak learning outcomes, learners, teachers; reveal no student self-assessment overestimation; inform formative feedback and summative exams at a metacognitive level; generalize to any course and assessor; support evidence-based teaching and learning SWOT policy.</p></sec></abstract>

The outcome-based <italic>iCAN!</italic> / <italic>theyCAN!</italic> feedback paradigm differentiates strong and weak learning outcomes, learner diversity, and the learning outcomes of each learner: A shift to metacognitive assessment

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><sec id="j_fco-2018-0005_s_006_w2aab3b7b3b1b6b1aab1c17b1Aa"><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Several studies show that mutational profiles could influence treatment decisions in patients with metastatic CRC (mCRC). <italic>KRAS</italic> mutational status was the first step in biomarkers development in the era of molecular targeted therapies. Recently, NRAS mutational status was identified as an independent prognostic factor for the response to treatment with anti-EGFR moAbs. The aim of this observational study was to assess the feasibility of the KRAS/NRAS mutational analysis in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer in Greece and to identify any correlations with known clinical characteristics and histopathologic features.</p></sec><sec id="j_fco-2018-0005_s_007_w2aab3b7b3b1b6b1aab1c17b2Aa"><h3>Methods</h3><p>From January 2014 until September 2014 all patients registered to the GIC-SG database with newly diagnosed metastatic disease from colon or rectal cancer were included and tumor samples were analyzed for kras/nras mutations in 9 different certified laboratories in Greece.</p></sec><sec id="j_fco-2018-0005_s_008_w2aab3b7b3b1b6b1aab1c17b3Aa"><h3>Results</h3><p>Samples from 510 patients were analyzed. Mutations’ distribution was as follows: 173 (33,9%) <italic>KRAS</italic> exon 2, 10 (2%) <italic>KRAS</italic> exon 3, 25 (4,9%) <italic>KRAS</italic> exon 4, 22 (4,3%) <italic>NRAS</italic> exon 2, 11 (2,2%) <italic>NRAS</italic> exon 3 and 3 (0,6%) <italic>NRAS</italic> exon 4. The only factor significantly associated with <italic>RAS</italic> mutational status was primary tumor location, with right sided tumors exhibiting higher rates of mutations.</p></sec><sec id="j_fco-2018-0005_s_009_w2aab3b7b3b1b6b1aab1c17b4Aa"><h3>Discussion</h3><p>The incidence and distribution of <italic>KRAS</italic> or <italic>NRAS</italic> exon 2-4 mutations are in accordance with those reported in the literature. The most significant clinical or pathological parameter revealed from the analysis is the location of the primary tumor.</p></sec></abstract>

Analysis of KRAS and NRAS mutations in Greek patients with metastatic Colorectal Cancer (mCRC) on the registry of the Gastro-intestinal Cancer Study Group (GIC-SG)

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Forum of Clinical Oncology

Volume 9 (2018): Issue 1 (December 2018)

Editorial

Unfolding Ariadne’s thread in the scientific publications’ labyrinth

Research Article

Functional And Survival Outcome Of Egyptian Children And Adolescents With Malignant Bone Tumors: An Experience In A Setting Of Limited Health Resource

Clinical and biological implications of Hippo pathway dysregulation in sarcomas

The outcome-based iCAN! / theyCAN! feedback paradigm differentiates strong and weak learning outcomes, learner diversity, and the learning outcomes of each learner: A shift to metacognitive assessment

Analysis of KRAS and NRAS mutations in Greek patients with metastatic Colorectal Cancer (mCRC) on the registry of the Gastro-intestinal Cancer Study Group (GIC-SG)

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