<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
While privacy concerns remain the main challenge starting with the promulgation of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), for deep learning applications, Google introduced recently the Federated Learning (FL) technique to offer support for high privacy-sensitive data, which makes FL a hot research topic nowadays. Thus, it is a distributed machine learning technique in which multiple devices (clients) collaboratively train a global model to solve issues where the first concern is data privacy. This work provides a brief study of FL: an overview of this new topic, related works, a comparison with other machine learning techniques, an overview of algorithms that are currently used, and, in the end, some simulation results and new directions of research. The simulations show the distributed behavior of the FL algorithm and the way in which the Federated Averaging method can be applied. Through the performed analysis of the obtained results, it was figured out that approach would be beneficial for several applications in domains like automotive, 5G and others.
</abstract>

iuliana-alexandra.bejenar@academic.tuiasi.ro

A Brief Overview of Federated Learning - A New Perspective on Data Privacy

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
Current research responds to the need to add value to a product right from the conception phase and incrementally whenever the product’s customers demand it. Thus, this paper presents a hybrid method of adding value to a single-phase asynchronous motor by combining computerized modelling and simulation of a single-phase asynchronous motor with an incremental innovation technique based on value analysis and engineering for functional optimization of this device. The methodology combines these two techniques to obtain a customer-oriented product with optimally dimensioned functions that correspond to the needs of the device’s customers. The novelty of the work consists of the research methodology, which includes the application of functional analysis method during the design and redesign stages of a single-phase asynchronous motor.
</abstract>

Incremental Innovation Methodology that Combines Computerized Modelling and Simulation with Value Analysis and Engineering Method

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
In the paper are highlighted the main advantages of wireless monitoring methods present in the market for electrical equipment temperature surveillance. Also, are considerate the mandatory corrections applied to the thermographic image in order to adjust the electrical equipment temperature. In the final part, there are shown the resulted values of an infrared thermography inspection performed in industrial environment, which reveals the thermal stresses identification of the busbar’s connections from a medium voltage switch separator. In addition, the paper present why a highly reflexive surface is not suitable for infrared thermography, and in what manner affects the data obtained from the monitoring devices.
</abstract>

Considerations Regarding Electrical Equipment Monitoring Through Infrared Thermography

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
The growing number of road accidents and fatalities created a necessity for applications exploiting communication between traffic actors like vehicles, vulnerable road users (VRUs), and infrastructure. To determine the vehicle position and to communicate this data to the traffic users, the vehicles and user’s smart devices are equipped with communication modules and positioning modules. The fifth generation (5G) cellular network promises to respond to the requirements of a city traffic management by: ultra-low latency, reliability, and position determined with high precision. The 3GPP Release 16 mobile communications standard details the use-cases of the industrial verticals and their requirements, the most important key performance indicators (KPIs), and technologies that the new radio (NR) architectural component uses to obtain the position information. 3GPP Release 16 targets a positioning accuracy between 1 and 3 meters for traffic monitoring and control, as well as for wearable devices. Moreover, the standard specifies the most common solutions that the 5G technology can support. This paper aims at presenting the context of the positioning essentials that the 5G NR can support, which are necessary to achieve road users’ protection and congestion avoidance within an urban area.
</abstract>

andreea-valentina.militaru@student.tuiasi.ro

Positioning Key Elements for Increasing Localization Precision of the VRUs in 5G NR Environments

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
The switching of electrical equipment in normal operation conditions should be performed in optimal moments with regard to the variation of the voltage and current waveforms. Deviations from these ideal conditions will result in disruptive transient regimes, which, depending on their severity, can lead to equipment malfunctions or insulation damage. This paper continues a previous research study regarding the impact of the real switching moment regarding the known ideal conditions on various types of equipment. Previous efforts have concentrated on the study of the behavior of capacitor banks, power transformers and underground cable lines when switching is performed in different points on the voltage sine wave. This paper continues the research by studying high voltage overhead lines in the same conditions. The voltage and current waveforms are measured and analyzed for different switching times, using the EMTP software package. A comparison discussion with the previous results highlights the main findings.
</abstract>

florin-constantin.baiceanu@academic.tuiasi.ro

Overhead Line Swithcing Considering Circuit Breaker Standard Deviation Times

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
The paper refers to an electric machine (motor/generator) with an adjustable magnetic field, because its rotor has a special construction that allows the deformation of its elastic permanent magnets. The permanent magnets deform due to a clamping stroke parameter and in this way the flux density of the magnetic field as well as the width and length of the permanent magnets are variable. The variable magnetic field crosses the stator coils which are supplied by the voltages and due to a variable magnetic flux density, a higher torque will result even at lower values of the currents. As a result, a higher efficiency will be obtained due to the increase in mechanical power and the decrease in losses (e.g., Joule effect) in the stator windings. The presented electric machine is a synchronous machine with variable geometry, belonging to the category of permanent magnet machines. Specific to this machine is the fact that the rotor magnets are elastic, being made of ferritic compound rubber with neodimium magnets N45.
</abstract>

The Synchronous Electric Machine with Variable Geometry Done by Elastic Permanent Magnets

AHEAD OF PRINT

Volume 68 (2022): Issue 4 (December 2022)

Volume 68 (2022): Issue 3 (September 2022)

Bulletin of the Polytechnic Institute of Iași. Electrical Engineering, Power Engineering, Electronics Section

Volume 67 (2021): Issue 4 (December 2021)

Volume 67 (2021): Issue 3 (September 2021)

Volume 67 (2021): Issue 2 (June 2021)

Volume 67 (2021): Issue 1 (March 2021)

 The journal Buletinul Institutului Politehnic din Iaşi, Electrotehnicã. Energeticã. Electronicã (Bulletin of thE Polytechnic Institute of Iasi, Electrical Engineering, Power Engineering, Electronics section) is publishing papers that present the research work in the broad area of Electrical Engineering, Power Engineering, Electronics, Automatic Control and Computer Science. The proposed topics of the published papers cover not only classical fields of Electrical and Computer Engineering Science, but also subjects in areas that show a rapid process of maturation. The journal is an effective mean of disseminating the recently obtained results, of promoting interdisciplinary research and also an opportunity for young researchers to present their relevant scientific work.  Authors are invited to submit papers to one of the following subject areas: Electrical Engineering Power Engineering Electronics Automatic Control Computer Science  The journal Buletinul Institutului Politehnic din Iaşi, Electrotehnicã. Energeticã. Electronicã is publishing mainly original research but, good quality focused review articles that scrutinize state of art, that highlight newly emerging trends or propose future directions for developing areas, are also welcomed after consulting the editor.  All articles are subject to a blind review assessing the content, scientific relevance, novelty and originality of research, quality of presentation, text structure and style, referencing, and the overall contribution of the article. Based on the review, the editor reserves the right to reject the paper or request the author to adjust it according to the reviewers suggestions.  The journal Buletinul Institutului Politehnic din Iaşi, Electrotehnicã. Energeticã. Electronicã is jointly coordinated by the Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Information Technology and Faculty of Automatic Control and Computer Engineering of “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași.  Plagiarism and Archiving Policy  Archiving  Sciendo archives the contents of this journal in System's Portico - digital long-term preservation service of scholarly books, journals and collections.  Plagiarism Policy  The editorial board is participating in a growing community of Similarity Check System's users in order to ensure that the content published is original and trustworthy. Similarity Check is a medium that allows for comprehensive manuscripts screening, aimed to eliminate plagiarism and provide a high standard and quality peer-review process. 