<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<italic>Bunium crassifolium</italic> Batt. (<italic>B. crassifolium</italic>) (Apiaceae) is an extremely rare endemic species from the North East of Algeria. In this study, we extracted the volatile organic compounds (VOC) of <italic>B. crassifolium</italic> Batt. aerial parts using an Agilent G1888 network headspace sampler coupled with an Agilent 7890 GC system. The results revealed the presence of twenty-two (22) compounds, twenty (20) of which were identified as representing 97.48% of the total composition, the major components are: 44.67% of β-Cubebene, 8.82% of β-Caryophyllene, 7.04% of γ-Elemene, 4.70% of δ-Cadinene, 4.11% of γ-Cadinene, 3.77% of Ascaridole and 3.33% of β-Elemene, along with other constituents at a relatively low amount.
</abstract>

Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Physico-chemical and Biological Analysis, Faculty of Exact Sciences

Laboratory for the optimization of agricultural production in sub-humid zones, Faculty of Sciences

Department of Agronomic Sciences, University of Skikda

Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biotechnological Techniques for the Valorization of Plant Resources

Department of Natural and Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of M’sila

Laboratory of Ethnobotanical Naturals Substances

Laboratory of plant Biology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences

University of Çankırı Karatekin, Faculty of Science

Chemical Composition of Volatile Organic Compounds of an Extremely Rare and Endemic Algerian Apiaceae Species, <italic>Bunium crassifolium</italic> Batt.

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a disease that is characterized by an increased Gonadotropin-Releasing-Hormone (GnRH) pulsatile frequency, causing an altered LH/FSH ratio. More precisely an increased Luteinizing Hormone (LH) secretion compared to a decreased Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) secretion leads to the development of hyperandrogenism and to a low-level concentration of estrogens and therefore decreased negative estrogenic feedback in the control axis. The purpose of this review is to connect the physiological Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovarian (HPO) axis with said pathology and the ensuring discussion about the possible mechanisms of pathogenesis and guidelines for relieving associated symptoms.
</abstract>

George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureş

Hormone Imbalance in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

There have been significant advances in our understanding of how changes in the fluidity and permeability of the cell membrane can affect drug resistance in cancer. Research has shown that cancer cells often have changes in the fluidity and permeability of their cell membrane that contribute to their resistance to drugs used to treat cancer. These changes may be due to changes in the composition and organization of the lipid bilayer that makes up the membrane, as well as changes in the expression or localization of proteins and other molecules embedded in the membrane. The lipid composition in the tumor cell membrane changes with drug resistance, which can affect the fluidity and permeability of the cell membrane. Reversal of drug resistance can be achieved by altering cell membrane fluidity and permeability. In recent years, there have been numerous studies aimed at understanding the mechanisms underlying these changes and identifying strategies to overcome drug resistance in cancer. This research has led to the development of new drugs and drug delivery systems that are designed to target specific changes in the cell membrane of cancer cells and improve the effectiveness of chemotherapy. Overall, the advances in our understanding of the role of cell membrane fluidity and permeability in drug resistance in cancer have led to the development of new approaches to treat cancer and improve patient outcomes and further research is needed to continue to improve the understanding of these mechanisms and to identify new strategies to overcome drug resistance in cancer. This article highlights the research status and detection methods of cell membrane fluidity and permeability affecting tumor drug resistance.
</abstract>

Breaking Down Tumor Drug Resistance: The Link Between Cell Membrane Changes and Treatment Efficacy

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

The effect of zinc on seed germination in two species of the <italic>Echium</italic> genus (<italic>Echium russicum</italic> J.F. Gmelin and <italic>Echium vulgare</italic> L.) was investigated. Zinc was used as sulphate in three different concentrations: 100 mg∕ l; 200 mg ∕ l și 300 mg ∕ l; the treatment was applied to the seeds before germination, the exposure time being short (4 hours and 8 hours). Seed germination was monitored daily for a period of 14 days. The effect of treatment on seed germination in the test species was assessed by calculating four germination indicators: final germination percentage (FGP), germination index (GI), mean germination time (MGT) and coefficient of rate germination (CRG). The results show the following: the seeds of <italic>Echium russicum</italic> germinate faster than those of <italic>Echium vulgare</italic>; statistically insignificant changes in the indicators associated with germination, except for GI in <italic>Echium vulgare</italic> for the 8 hours exposure time; reduction of germination percentage (in both species) and increase in germination time (more evident in <italic>Echium vulgare</italic>) with increasing exposure time. The test species showed tolerance throughout the germination process to the zinc concentrations used.
</abstract>

The Effect of Zinc on Germination in Species of the Genus <italic>Echium</italic> (Family Boraginaceae)

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<italic>Vaccinium myrtillus</italic> fruits are a significant source of anthocyanins and have been linked to a number of health advantages. Recent data, however, point towards the possible benefits of topical use for anthocyanins. The purpose of this study was to assess the antioxidant potential of two extracts obtained through maceration. Total anthocyanin content and HPLC-DAD qualitative analysis were completed prior to include the extract in a cream-type topical formulation. The extract with the highest anthocyanin content was incorporated in a basic O/W cream formulation and the antioxidant effect of the cream was evaluated using the DPPH radical scavenging assay. The extract’s stability seven months later was also assessed. Our findings suggest that, the cream formulation offers antioxidant activity, but the activity declines by 27% when it is stored. Additionally, after seven months of storage, the formulation’s color changed, probably as a result of the anthocyanins’ instability.
</abstract>

Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy

George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș

Bilberry Anthocyanins - Possible Applications in Skincare Products

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

Despite the significant gains made in cancer therapy, cancer remains a major cause of global deaths due to rapid drug resistance. Therefore, urgent concerted efforts towards the discovery and development of newer and effective anticancer agents cannot be overemphasized. This study investigated <italic>in vitro</italic> cytotoxicity potential of methanol extracts of the root, stem, and leaves of <italic>Mezoneuron benthamianum</italic>. Leaf, stem and root samples were collected, authenticated, dried, separately pulverized and extracted in methanol. The methanol extracts were analysed for the presence of phytochemicals and cytotoxic potential evaluated by tetrazolium 3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) colorimetric assay on selected human cancer cells lines, HeLa (cervical cancer) and HEp-2 (epidermal carcinoma of the larynx), using mammalian Vero cells as a negative control. Data generated was subjected to descriptive statistics. The flavonoids in the plant was between 40 - 67.2% and was significantly higher (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.05) compared to alkaloids and saponins. At concentrations of ≥ 50 µg/mL, the extracts exhibited 100% cytotoxicity on the cancer cells. The methanol root and leaf extracts with CC50 of 15.64 and 11.38 µg/mL were more cytotoxic on HeLa and HEp-2, respectively. In comparison to the stem and root extracts, the methanol leaf extract was selectively more toxic to cancer cell lines than Vero cells (CC50 = 28.89 µg/mL). Preliminary investigation reveals that <italic>Mezoneuron benthamianum</italic> contain bioactive compounds that possess promising anticancer potential that could be exploited.
</abstract>

Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology

Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Health Sciences

Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine

Phytochemical Screening and <italic>In-Vitro</italic> Cytotoxic Activities of Methanolic Extracts of <italic>Mezoneuron benthamianum</italic> Baill. Against Cancer Cells Lines

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Acta Biologica Marisiensis

 Acta Biologica Marisiensis (ABM) is an official Journal of the University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Târgu Mureș, Romania, and is published twice a year. The peer-reviewed journal is dedicated to the life sciences and publishes articles in the following fields: biochemistry, botany, cell biology and molecular biology, biotechnology, ecology, genetics, microbiology, pharmacognosy, phytochemistry.  Both original research papers and reviews are welcomed. The journal addresses the entire academic community of specialists and researchers activate in different fields of life sciences and pharmacy, and its goal is to provide them the latest research developments in their field of activity.  Acta Biologica Marisiensis is the official publication of the University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology “George Emil Palade” of Târgu Mureș, being published by University Press. The journal is published in every year since 1964 under the name Note Botanice. Since 2018 it is published with a new name, Acta Biologica Marisiensis, included as a new series in Acta Marisiensis.  The journal publishes high-quality articles on various subjects dedicated to the life sciences in the following fields: biochemistry, botany, cell biology and molecular biology, biotechnology, ecology, genetics, microbiology, pharmacognosy, phytochemistry.   Why subscribe and read   It is an international peer-reviewed, open access journal published two times per year, only in English language.  The Journal is designed to facilitate the exchange of ideas between researchers from different countries all around the world.  The Journal has high standards for its contents. It has good publishing quality in electronic and printed form.   Why submit   the Journal is always freely available online  fast, fair and constructive peer review procedure  no payment for article processing or publishing fee is required from authors  free publication of color figures, graphs and tables in published articles  immediate publication of articles  worldwide dissemination and unrestricted access to all published articles  high quality publishing, available in both forms, electronic and printed  promotion of each article in numerous abstracting databases   Archiving  Sciendo archives the contents of this journal in Portico - digital long-term preservation service of scholarly books, journals and collections.  Plagiarism Policy  The editorial board is participating in a growing community of Similarity Check System's users in order to ensure that the content published is original and trustworthy. Similarity Check is a medium that allows for comprehensive manuscripts screening, aimed to eliminate plagiarism and provide a high standard and quality peer-review process. 

Acta Biologica Marisiensis

Volume 6 (2023): Issue 1 (June 2023)

Chemical Composition of Volatile Organic Compounds of an Extremely Rare and Endemic Algerian Apiaceae Species, Bunium crassifolium Batt.

Hormone Imbalance in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Breaking Down Tumor Drug Resistance: The Link Between Cell Membrane Changes and Treatment Efficacy

The Effect of Zinc on Germination in Species of the Genus Echium (Family Boraginaceae)

Bilberry Anthocyanins - Possible Applications in Skincare Products

Phytochemical Screening and In-Vitro Cytotoxic Activities of Methanolic Extracts of Mezoneuron benthamianum Baill. Against Cancer Cells Lines

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