A biomonitoring study of Diadema setosum : metal bioaccumulation and current status in Iskenderun Bay, eastern Mediterranean
| 31 déc. 2023
À propos de cet article
Article Category: Original Research Paper
Publié en ligne: 31 déc. 2023
Pages: 484 - 492
Reçu: 28 févr. 2023
Accepté: 28 juil. 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.26881/oahs-2023.4.09
© 2023 Erkan Uğurlu, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Figure 1
Figure 2
ICP-MS (Plasma Quant MS Series) operating conditions
| RF power | 1.20 kW |
| Plasma gas flow rate | 9 | min-1 |
| Auxiliary gas flow rate | 1.65 | min-1 |
| Carrier gas flow rate | 1.1 | min-1 |
| Helium collision gas flow rate | ml min-1 (Not used) |
| Spray chamber T | 2°C |
| Sample depth | 6 mm |
| Sample introduction flow rate | 1 ml min-1 |
| Nebulizer pump | 0.1 rps |
| Extract lens | 1.5 V |
Metal accumulation levels (ORT ± SD) (μg g-1 wet weight) in D. setosum sea urchins
| Metals | Tissues | Sites | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Iskenderun | Arsuz | ||
| Al | Soft tissues | 0.071 ± 0.001a,x | 0.081 ± 0.001a,x |
| Gonad | 0.711 ± 0.165a,x | 0.816 ± 0.152a,x | |
| Testa (Shell) | 5.231 ± 1.039b,x | 7.170 ± 1.449b,y | |
| Cr | Soft tissues | 0.069 ± 0.011a,x | 0.075 ± 0.007a,x |
| Gonad | 0.227 ± 0.122a,x | 0.340 ± 0.118b,x | |
| Testa (Shell) | 0.664 ± 0.111b,x | 0.803 ± 0.028c,x | |
| Co | Soft tissues | 0.014 ± 0.002a,x | 0.025 ± 0.002a,x |
| Gonad | 0.034 ± 0.012a,x | 0.041 ± 0.003a,x | |
| Testa (Shell) | 0.246 ± 0.082b,x | 0.249 ± 0.034b,x | |
| Ni | Soft tissues | 0.150 ± 0.047a,x | 0.187 ± 0.003a,x |
| Gonad | 0.495 ± 0.281a,x | 0.468 ± 0.173a,x | |
| Testa (Shell) | 2.390 ± 0.848b,x | 2.914 ± 0.515b,x | |
| Cd | Soft tissues | 0.012 ± 0.001a,x | 0.011 ± 0.001a,x |
| Gonad | 0.010 ± 0.001a,x | 0.010 ± 0.001a,x | |
| Testa (Shell) | 0.012 ± 0.004a,x | 0.016 ± 0.002b,x | |
| Pb | Soft tissues | 0.374 ± 0.092a,x | 0.402 ± 0.092a,x |
| Gonad | 1.058 ± 0.032a,x | 2.774 ± 0.178b,y | |
| Testa (Shell) | 2.371 ± 0.577b,x | 3.451 ± 0.463b,y | |
| Mn | Soft tissues | 0.028 ± 0.007a,x | 0.173 ± 0.023a,x |
| Gonad | 0.089 ± 0.059b,x | 0.102 ± 0.014a,x | |
| Testa (Shell) | 0.406 ± 0.242b,x | 0.370 ± 0.119b,x | |
| Fe | Soft tissues | 1.202 ± 0.129a,x | 2.556 ± 0.394a,x |
| Gonad | 7.526 ± 0.658a,x | 8.819 ± 0.591a,x | |
| Testa (Shell) | 36.570 ± 5.587b,x | 57.166 ± 5.018b,y | |
| Zn | Soft tissues | 1.532 ± 0.329a,x | 2.650 ± 0.301a,x |
| Gonad | 0.276 ± 0.051b,x | 0.593 ± 0.045b,x | |
| Testa (Shell) | 0.356 ± 0.124b,x | 0.596 ± 0.032b,x | |
Pearson correlation coefficient matrix of metals detected in D. setosum species collected from the Iskenderun and Arsuz sites
| Al | Cr | Co | Ni | Cd | Pb | Mn | Fe | Zn | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Al | 1 | ||||||||
| Cr | .922 |
1 | |||||||
| Co | .945 |
.873 |
1 | ||||||
| Ni | .978 |
.929 |
.951 |
1 | |||||
| Cd | .599 |
.501 |
.619 |
.637 |
1 | ||||
| Pb | .752 |
.856 |
.713 |
.753 |
.468 | 1 | |||
| Mn | .824 |
.702 |
.916 |
.855 |
.577 |
.567 |
1 | ||
| Fe | .988 |
.925 |
.940 |
.959 |
.627 |
.787 |
.799 |
1 | |
| Zn | -.464 | -.602 |
-.442 | -.466 | -.038 | -.625 |
-.231 | -.468 | 1 |
Comparison of our analysed values with the standard reference material, DORM-3 (fish protein)
| Element | DORM-3 reference material | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Certified value (μg g-1) | Measured value (μg g-1) | Recovery (%) | |
| Al | - | - | - |
| Cd | 0.291 ± 0.03 | 0.281 ± 0.04 | 97 |
| Co | - | - | - |
| Ni | 1.24 ± 0.31 | 1.35 ± 0.23 | 108 |
| Pb | 0.391 ± 0.09 | 0.412 ± 0.08 | 101 |
| Cr | 1.87 ± 0.19 | 1.93 ± 0.14 | 103 |
| Fe | 348 ± 19 | 326 ± 15.7 | 94 |
| Mn | - | - | - |
| Zn | 51.9 ± 2.7 | 52.8 ± 3.9 | 101 |