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The Ponto-Caspian and native amphipod life history in the Daugava River, Latvia

Jana Paidere
Jana Paidere
 et 
Aija Brakovska
Aija Brakovska
   | 07 nov. 2022
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Article Category: Original research paper
Publié en ligne: 07 nov. 2022
Pages: 268 - 282
Reçu: 21 sept. 2021
Accepté: 17 mai 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.26881/oahs-2022.3.03
Mots clés
© 2022 Jana Paidere et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Figure 1

Sampling sites of amphipods along the Daugava River
Sampling sites of amphipods along the Daugava River

Figure 2

Population structure of Gammarus varsoviensis and Pontogammarus robustoides in the Daugava River during the study, by size
Population structure of Gammarus varsoviensis and Pontogammarus robustoides in the Daugava River during the study, by size

Figure 3

Population structure of Gammarus pulex in the Daugava River during the study, by size
Population structure of Gammarus pulex in the Daugava River during the study, by size

Figure 4

Ovigerous females of Gammarus varsoviensis in the Daugava River during the study
Ovigerous females of Gammarus varsoviensis in the Daugava River during the study

Figure 5

Proportions of adults, immature specimens and juveniles of Gammarus varsoviensis in the Daugava River during the study
Proportions of adults, immature specimens and juveniles of Gammarus varsoviensis in the Daugava River during the study

Figure 6

Ovigerous females of Pontogammarus robustoides in the Daugava River during the study
Ovigerous females of Pontogammarus robustoides in the Daugava River during the study

Figure 7

Proportion of adults, immature specimens and juveniles of Pontogammarus robustoides in the Daugava River during the study
Proportion of adults, immature specimens and juveniles of Pontogammarus robustoides in the Daugava River during the study

Figure 8

Ovigerous females of Gammarus pulex in the Daugava River during the study
Ovigerous females of Gammarus pulex in the Daugava River during the study

Figure 9

Proportion of adults, immature specimens and juveniles of Gammarus pulex in the Daugava River during the study
Proportion of adults, immature specimens and juveniles of Gammarus pulex in the Daugava River during the study

Figure 10

The average water temperature of the study sites in the Daugava River during the study
The average water temperature of the study sites in the Daugava River during the study

Reproductive parameters of amphipod species during the study

2017 2018 2019
G. varsoviensis
n 34 68 32
Average size of ovigerous females, mm 11.2 ± 1.1 SDmin. 9.0max. 13.0 11.3 ± 1.2 SDmin. 9.0max. 13.5 11.4 ± 1.3 SDmin. 9.6max. 14.5
Average number of eggs per brood 26 ± 11 SDmin. 9max. 50 30 ± 13 SDmin. 9max. 60 37 ± 14 SDmin. 9max. 69
P. robustoides
n ovigerous females were not obtained 22 17
Average size of ovigerous females, mm - 11.6 ± 1.3 SDmin. 9.4max. 15.0 10.9 ± 1.5 SDmin. 9.0max. 15.0
Average number of eggs per brood - 25 ± 16 SDmin. 8max. 57 31 ± 22 SDmin. 13max. 81
G. pulex
n 8 only two ovigerous females were obtained only one ovigerous female was obtained
Average size of ovigerous females, mm 10.7 ± 0.5 SDmin. 9.0max. 12.0 - -
Average number of eggs per brood 27 ± 5 SDmin. 11max. 41 - -

Air temperature and precipitation in Latvia during the study*

2017 2018 2019 Latvian norm
Annual mean air temperature, °C +6.9 +7.6 +8.2 +6.4
Annual total precipitation (mean in Latvia), mm 809.8 472.7 629.2 685.6
Spring
Average air temperature, °C +5.6 +6.9 +7.2 +5.6
Precipitation, mm 116.3 80.7 100.5 122.7
Summer
Average air temperature, °C +15.4 +18.1 +17.2 +16.2
Precipitation, mm 237.0 162.4 176.7 225.7
Autumn
Average air temperature, °C +7.6 +8.6 +8.3 +6.7
Precipitation, mm 313.5 124.3 236.7 201.0

Background characteristics of the sampling sites during the study

Characteristics “Daugavpils” “Jēkabpils” “Veczeļki” “Gostiņi”
Position 55°52′04″N26°30′32″E 56°29′52″N25°53′30″E 56°31′50″N25°47′01″E 56°36′56″N25°45′31″E
Gammarids G. varsoviensis2017, n 3422018, n 3892019, n 299 G. varsoviensis2017, n 4372018, n 912019, n 87 G. varsoviensis2017, n 7 P. robustoides2017, n 422018, n 2862019, n 352
G. pulex2017, n 202019, n 3
G. pulex2017, n 672018, n 362019, n 15 P. robustoides2019, n 174
2018 no sampled
Substrate sand, silty sand covered by detritus, some pebble and boulders, emergent and submerged macrophytes sand, silty sand covered by detritus, emergent and submerged macrophytes sand, fine gravel, pebble and some boulders covered by detritus, emergent macrophytes sand, silty sand covered by detritus, some pebble and boulders, emergent and submerged macrophytes
2017, month V–X V–IX V–IX V–IX
average (range)
T (°C) 16.03 (9.76–20.45) 18.14 (15.75–20.47) 17.86 (15.38–20.25) 17.42 (14.14–20.52)
Cond. (μS cm−1) 306 (251–335) 313 (280–337) 311 (274–334) 317 (274–375)
DO (mg l−1) 7.67 (6.09–9.19) 7.45 (6.31–8.83) 8.20 (9.57–7.19) 7.74 (5.11–9.94)
pH 7.96 (7.72–8.24) 8.05 (7.84–8.14) 8.16 (7.98–8.47) 8.12 (7.51–8.60)
CHL (μg l−1) 3.89 (2.84–5.45) 4.98 (3.38–8.30) 3.23 (2.97–3.65) 4.68 (3.20–5.61)
2018, month V–X V–X V–X
average (range)
T (°C) 18.62 (11.79–21.97) 17.16 (6.42–23.01) 2018no measured 17.86 (6.56–23.62)
Cond. (μS cm−1) 382 (233–467) 367 (280–404) 404 (390–427)
DO (mg l−1) 9.60 (7.51–13.75) 8.48 (6.19–11.16) 9.63 (6.62–11.71)
pH 8.73 (8.16–9.22) 8.81 (8.45–9.06) 9.00 (8.92–9.41)
CHL (μg l−1) 3.26 (1.77–6.69) 3.99 (3.06–5.19) 4.56 (3.96–5.30)
2019, month IV–IX IV–IX VI–IX VI–IX
average (range)
T (°C) 18.13 (11.42–22.18) 18.28 (13.05–22.68) 19.68 (13.27–23.22) 20.79 (14.61–23.12)
Cond. (μS cm−1) 354 (216–512) 316 (227–378) 341 (289–374) 342 (288–377)
DO (mg l−1) 8.13 (6.39–10.64) 7.83 (5.91–9.94) 8.20 (6.33–10.19) 10.18 (8.00–13.67)
pH 7.73 (7.38–8.20) 7.80 (7.41–8.19) 8.09 (7.77–8.29) 8.40 (8.06–8.95)
CHL (μg l−1) 4.39 (3.03–8.26) 4.39 (2.16–6.89) 2.96 (2.11–4.29) 4.21 (2.95–6.60)
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